An integrated approach to managing Rhizoctonia solani on maize in marginal soils: field studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bongani Petros Kubheka ◽  
Mark Delmege Laing ◽  
Kwasi Sackey Yobo
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Growth Promoting

A study was conducted over two seasons in a marginal soil with an acid saturation of 54%. A plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Bacillus megaterium, a commercial biocontrol agent, Trichoderma harzianum Strain kd (Eco-T®), and soluble potassium silicate were used in this study. The objective was to control maize yield reduction caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2 root rot isolated from infected maize. R. solani reduced maize yields significantly by 34% in the first season. However, the losses decreased in the second season from 34% to 10%. In the first season, combination of T. harzianum, B. megaterium and potassium silicate increased maize yields by 130%. The highest yield in the presence of R. solani was treatments with T. harzianum (216%) followed by T. harzianum plus potassium silicate (214%) and lastly T. harzianum plus B. megaterium (178%). However, in the second season, T. harzianum plus potassium silicate treatment resulted in the highest yields.

scholarly journals On the potential of Bacillus aryabhattai KMT-4 against Meloidogyne javanica

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonam Antil ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
D. V. Pathak ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Anil Panwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Bacillus Aryabhattai ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Background Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are a major reason behind the global crop yield reduction. The bacterial strain KMT-4 was isolated from nematode-affected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) rhizosphere at research farms, Hisar, India, and screened for its biocontrol potential against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica as well as checked for its effect on plant growth and yield. Results The bacterium KMT-4 was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai based on phenotypic characters and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. During in vitro studies, hatching and mortality of M. javanica were significantly affected due to the antagonistic behavior exhibited by the bacterium. In addition to this, KMT-4 also displayed various direct as well as indirect plant growth-promoting attributes like siderophore production, growth hormone (IAA) production, ammonia excretion, hydrogen cyanide production, and chitinase activity. A pot house experiment conducted on brinjal resulted in nearly 73% reduction in eggs, while 80% reduction in galls in the plant root compared to the untreated and chemically treated plants. The final nematode population also reduced significantly in KMT-4 treatment. It was 1141.6 J2/200cc soil in control and reduced to 108 J2/200 cc soil inoculated with KMT-4. Similar results were obtained in field experiments on brinjal and cucumber conducted in years 2018 and 2019, respectively. Also, a notable enhancement in the plant growth was observed in both pot house experiment and field trials. Conclusion The possession of nematicidal activity along with plant growth-promoting properties in B. aryabhattai KMT-4 warrants its employment as a potent biological control agent against M. javanica and a promising substitute of chemical nematicides.

scholarly journals Use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Combination with Chitosan on Maize Crop: Promising Prospects for Sustainable, Environmentally Friendly Agriculture and against Abiotic Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2205
Author(s):  
Nadège Agbodjato ◽  
Toussaint Mikpon ◽  
Olubukola Babalola ◽  
Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon ◽  
Olaréwadjou Amogou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Faced with the problems posed by the abusive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, it is important to find other alternatives that can guarantee a sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of a PGPR (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) Pseudomonas putida strain to different abiotic stress in in vitro conditions and the synergistic effect of this rhizobacterium in combination with chitosan extracted from crab exoskeletons on the growth of maize in greenhouse conditions. The strain of P. putida was put in culture at different temperatures, pH, and NaCl concentrations to determine its growth. Then, this strain in combination with chitosan extracts were tested for their ability to improve maize growth for 30 days. The results showed that the P. putida strain showed excellent resistance capacities to different salt concentrations, pH, and temperature variations. Moreover, an improvement in plant growth and biomass yield parameters was observed. The highest values of height, diameter, and leaf area were obtained with the plants treated with the combination of chitosan extracted from Cardisoma armatum and P. putida, with increases of 26.8%, 31%, and 55.7%, respectively, compared to the control. This study shows the possibility of using chitosan and rhizobacteria as biostimulants to improve productivity and increase maize yield in a sustainable manner.

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