Families of the World: Family Life at the Close of the 20th Century, East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
S.J. Witek John W.
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Family Life ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Europejskie połączenia lotnicze głównych regionów turystycznych Azji Południowo-Wschodniej

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 462-470
Author(s):  
Renata Rettinger ◽  
Piotr Staszak
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Local Transport

Transport plays a key role in satisfying the needs associated with tourist activity, both in regard to actually reaching one’s destination as well as in regard to local transport in the area visited. East Asia and the Pacific is the most dynamically developing market of inbound tourism in the world. Between 2000–2008, international tourist arrivals increased by 67.2% (74 mln). The sub­region of Southeast Asia was visited by 70.9% (36.1 mln) more tourists than 8 years before. Malaysia is the most frequently visited country in the region, with 22.1 mln international arrivals in 2008, compared to 14.6 mln in Thailand and 7.8 mln in Singapore. Thailand has the largest influx of tourists followed by Malaysia. It is predicted that the importance of tourism in the region will continue to grow in the future. The percentage of international tourist arrivals to East Asia and the Pacific will have increased to 25% by 2020. The key factor in the region is its accessibility as regards transport links, a factor which explains the rapid development of its airports, including the largest ones of Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. The present flight schedule (winter season 2009) has 338 connections between those cities and Europe, mostly from Bangkok (177). Singapore has 113 connections weekly with Europe while Kuala Lumpur only 48. None of these airports has regular connections with Polish airports except charter flights operated by Air Italy from Warsaw to Bangkok and connections under code share agreements.

English in Asia, Asian Englishes, and the issue of proficiency

English Today ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Outer Circle ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Basic Issue

ABSTRACTThe contemporary visibility and importance of English throughout the Asian region coupled with the emergence and development of distinct varieties of Asian Englishes have played an important part in the global story of English in recent years. Across Asia, the numbers of people having at least a functional command of the language have grown exponentially over the last four decades, and current changes in the sociolinguistic realities of the region are often so rapid that it is difficult for academic commentators to keep pace. One basic issue in the telling of this story is the question of what it is we mean by the term ‘Asia’, itself a word of contested etymology, whose geographical reference has ranged in application from the Middle East to Central Asia, and from the Indian sub-continent to Japan and Korea. In this article, my discussion will focus on the countries of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia, as it is in these regions that we find not only the greatest concentration of ‘outer-circle’ English-using societies but also a number of the most populous English-learning and English-knowing nations in the world.

scholarly journals Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae Outbreaks in Shanghai, China

mSystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalong Hu ◽  
Zhiqiu Yin ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Pan Yang ◽  
Chengqian Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Pandemic Strains

ABSTRACT The 7th cholera pandemic began in 1961 in Sulawesi, Indonesia, and then spread around the world in at least three waves. However, the lack of genome sequences for Vibrio cholerae strains under long-term surveillance in East Asia, especially in China, has restricted our understanding of the dynamics of the intracountry and intercountry evolution and transmission of the 7th-pandemic clones. In this study, we obtained the genome sequences of 60 V. cholerae strains isolated in Shanghai, the largest port in the world and the largest city in China, from 1961 to 2011. Our whole-genome-based phylogeny of 7th-pandemic strains revealed that all but one fell into five “stages,” most of which are single clades and share independent ancestors. Each stage dominated in succession for a period, with little overlap between them. In addition, two near-identical Shanghai strains belonging to a pre-7th-pandemic precursor and 4 nontoxigenic O1/O139 strains attributed to independent recombination events at the O-antigen loci were present. The major lineages of the 7th pandemic in Shanghai appeared to be closely related to V. cholerae strains isolated from South or Southeast Asia. Stage succession was consistently related to changes in society and human activity, implying that human-caused niche change may play a vital role in the cholera dynamics in Shanghai. IMPORTANCE V. cholerae is the causative agent of cholera, a life-threatening disease characterized by severe, watery diarrhea. The 7th pandemic started in Indonesia in 1961 and spread globally, currently infecting 1.3 million to 4 million people annually. Here, we applied whole-genome sequencing to analyze a long-term collection of V. cholerae clinical strains to reveal the phylogenetic background and evolutionary dynamics of the 7th pandemic in Shanghai, which had undergone breathtakingly rapid development in the last half-century. All but one of the Shanghai 7th-pandemic strains fell into five “stages” that were dominant in Shanghai and appeared to be closely related to 7th-pandemic strains of South or Southeast Asia. Our findings extended the understanding of the dynamics of the evolution and transmission of the 7th-pandemic clones in East Asia and the relationship between social changes and cholera epidemiology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document