scholarly journals From Soil to Domes: Vernacular Architecture and Construction Techniques in Esfahak, South Khurasan

Iran ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Edoardo Paolo Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Construction Techniques

Vernacular architecture in eastern Senegal: Chaînes opératoires and technical choices

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-378
Author(s):  
Thomas Pelmoine ◽  
Anne Mayor
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
Environmental Adaptations ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Linguistic Groups

Architecture is an important component of cultural identity, but knowledge regarding construction techniques using local materials is gradually disappearing, and this subject has rarely been studied in sub-Saharan Africa. This ethno-archaeological study of current vernacular architecture and its evolution during the past three centuries in eastern Senegal therefore brings innovative results that are interesting on different levels. In relation to West Africa, the authors aim to provide new knowledge useful for archaeologists lacking references for interpreting past remains, as well as an archive for historical and heritage studies. More widely, the study constitutes a reference for the description of various mud-building techniques and an attempt to understand the mechanisms explaining their transformations, which should concern all scientists interested in vernacular architecture, in Africa and beyond. More precisely, this article accounts for the variability of techniques used for constructing walls and roofs of dwellings in the Faleme valley among different ethno-linguistic groups, while considering the environmental, cultural and socio-economic factors at play. The authors’ methodology is based on a description of the chaînes opératoires of construction, interviews, mapping and statistical analysis. The patterns observed facilitate a discussion on the evolution of techniques, environmental adaptations, the transfer of knowledge and the role of history in material culture dynamics.

Ecological Adaptability of Traditional Vernacular Architecture of the Taihang Mountains

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 3134-3137
Author(s):  
Hui Xian Jia ◽  
Ying Peng ◽  
Qing Hui Dong
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Mountainous Terrain ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Construction Techniques

Because of the special mountainous terrain of Taihang Mountains, a large number of vernacular architecture adapt to the environment and continue to develop so far, which encompasses a large number of eco-technologies and concepts. By analyzing and researching the layout of the vernacular architecture of the Taihang Mountains, the shape of space, materials technology, energy-saving technologies, construction techniques, we can discover the suitable ecological factors, and provide the basis for the realization of sustainable development and updating of the vernacular architecture.

scholarly journals Architecture Via Aceh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jared Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The Face ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
Architectural Exploration

<p>There are many swaths of land that are deemed unsuitable to build on and occupy. These places, however, are rarely within an established city. The Canterbury earthquakes of 2010 and 2011 left areas in central Christchurch with such significant land damage that it is unlikely to be re-inhabited for a considerable period of time. These areas are commonly known as the ‘Red Zone’.This thesis explores redevelop in on volatile land through innovative solutions found and adapted from the traditional Indonesian construction techniques. Currently, Indonesia’s vernacular architecture sits on the verge of extinction after a cultural shift towards the masonry bungalow forced a rapid decline in their occupation and construction. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami illustrated the bungalows’ poor performance in the face of catastrophic seismic activity, being outperformed by the traditional structures. This has been particularly evident in the Rumah Aceh construction of the Aceh province in Northern Sumatra. Within a New Zealand context an adaptation and modernisation of the Rumah Aceh construction will generate an architectural response not currently accepted under the scope of NZS 3604:2011; the standards most recent revision following the Canterbury earthquake of 2010 concerning timber-based seismic performance. This architectural exploration will further address light timber structures, their components, sustainability and seismic resilience. Improving new builds’ durability as New Zealand moves away from the previously promoted bungalow model that extends beyond residential and into all aspects of New Zealand built environment.</p>

scholarly journals Architecture Via Aceh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jared Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The Face ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
Architectural Exploration

<p>There are many swaths of land that are deemed unsuitable to build on and occupy. These places, however, are rarely within an established city. The Canterbury earthquakes of 2010 and 2011 left areas in central Christchurch with such significant land damage that it is unlikely to be re-inhabited for a considerable period of time. These areas are commonly known as the ‘Red Zone’.This thesis explores redevelop in on volatile land through innovative solutions found and adapted from the traditional Indonesian construction techniques. Currently, Indonesia’s vernacular architecture sits on the verge of extinction after a cultural shift towards the masonry bungalow forced a rapid decline in their occupation and construction. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami illustrated the bungalows’ poor performance in the face of catastrophic seismic activity, being outperformed by the traditional structures. This has been particularly evident in the Rumah Aceh construction of the Aceh province in Northern Sumatra. Within a New Zealand context an adaptation and modernisation of the Rumah Aceh construction will generate an architectural response not currently accepted under the scope of NZS 3604:2011; the standards most recent revision following the Canterbury earthquake of 2010 concerning timber-based seismic performance. This architectural exploration will further address light timber structures, their components, sustainability and seismic resilience. Improving new builds’ durability as New Zealand moves away from the previously promoted bungalow model that extends beyond residential and into all aspects of New Zealand built environment.</p>

scholarly journals An ecological assessment of vineyard houses: a case study from Bucak

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Hacer Mutlu Danaci
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Ecological Criteria ◽  
Material Choice ◽  
Building Form

Within cultural landscapes, there exists vernacular architecture that is characteristic in design of its region, construction techniques and materials, but is currently rarely used. Anatolia, a region that encompasses various regions with differing climates and cultures, is considerably rich in architectural splendor. In Southern Turkey, a part of Anatolia, vineyard houses in the Mediterranean Region’s Bucak Borough of Burdur Province are prototypical authentic vernacular architecture samples. Vineyard House use is becoming obsolete and these structures are disappearing. These vineyard houses are a cornerstone of the culture that built them, yet they have not attracted sufficient attraction in literature. Examination of sample relief works of vineyard houses within the borders of Bucak Borough placed their importance in an ecological context. Our goal is to ultimately protect these structures for both planning principles and to preserve the material, construction technique and cultural landscape to make vineyard houses usable to summer vacationists coming from the Antalya Province. This study is to ensure the vernacular architecture of vineyard houses in Bucak, they do not have any official protection status, are processed into literature, and to be a guide to any new designs. Vineyard houses’ have ecological properties in the framework of ecological criteria encompassing regional architecture, settlement structure, building form, place organization, and material choice. 

‘Vernacular’ accommodations: wordplay in contemporary-traditional architecture theory

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Richards
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Sheet Glass ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Tropical Waters ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Architecture Theory ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Contemporary Approach

One might be forgiven for thinking that the concept of ‘vernacular’ architecture is straightforward. First, it suggests a contemporary approach to building that uses local materials and crafts, as well as the indigenous architecture of tribal peoples, such as piledwellings over tropical waters, mud houses in the desert, or animal-hide teepees on the savannah. These buildings can be distinguished easily from other types of buildings that use industrialised construction techniques and materials, such as concrete, sheet glass, plastics and steel. Second, it might suggest an alternative and more wholesome set of values towards life, the environment and aesthetics, than that represented by the out-of-town retail park or the inner-city office tower. Why bother with the word ‘vernacular’, though, let alone ‘indigenous’ or the more problematic ‘primitive’, when ‘traditional’ works well enough? Nothing could be simpler.

scholarly journals Traditional Timber Frame Walls

2015 ◽  
pp. 30-59
Author(s):  
Graça Vasconcelos ◽  
Elisa Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Timber Frame ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Frame Construction

Timber frame construction is a characteristic of several historic city centres as well as of vernacular architecture in several countries around the world, either motivated by the availability of materials and construction traditions or by the need of reducing the seismic vulnerability of buildings, namely in south European countries, where this construction technique was adopted for seismic-resistance purposes. From past earthquakes, it has been seen that timber frame construction can be viewed as an interesting technology as it has exhibited a very reasonable behaviour when compared to other traditional construction techniques such as masonry walls. This chapter provides an overview of the main insights on the seismic performance of timber frame buildings from the evidences of past earthquakes and provides the main results of recent research focused on the in-plane cyclic behavior of timber frame walls with distinct geometrical configurations. Additionally, the main seismic performance indexes of timber frame walls, both unreinforced and retrofitted, are presented and discussed in detail.

Cultural Components of Well-Being and Vernacular Examples

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Living Environments ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Cultural Components ◽  
Local Materials

Vernacular architecture expresses a highly sustainable approach to living as a result of strong connection to cultural and environmental context. On the other hand, today's architecture attempts to create artificial solutions that consume the environment and lack the authenticity of vernacular solutions. In this sense, vernacular living environments need to be conserved, appreciated, and studied carefully because of their great potential to inspire the new generation of living environments. Previous research on the topic has mostly focused on the use of local materials and inherited construction techniques, which are extremely beneficial. Starting from a short survey on international declarations and charters, and discussing the strong connectedness between vernacular design principles and human well-being as an outcome, this chapter will lead the discussion deeper on interiors. Interiors from selected cultural contexts will be examined in order to attract attention to the cultural components of well-being and their meaningful reflections on the creation of interior space.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Traditional and Contemporary Building Envelope Construction Techniques in terms of Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Hot and Humid Climates

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfabadi ◽  
Hançer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Hot And Humid Climates

Expectations of traditional and contemporary buildings are different in terms of thermal comfort. Traditional buildings mostly achieve comfort through passive means, without HVAC support, but old levels of thermal satisfaction do not meet today’s expectations, although their passive thermal performances are notable for contemporary building designs. In this regard, the current study tries to investigate the possibility of comparing traditional and contemporary buildings’ construction techniques to achieve thermal comfort from an architectural point of view. In other words, is it possible to achieve passive building design by considering vernacular architecture principals as a reference? Likewise, how well can architects define insulation layers in contemporary construction surfaces in hot and humid climates? To this end, a dynamic, numerical, thermal calculation case study has been modeled in Famagusta, Northern Cyprus, to answer the above-mentioned questions. A mixed-use mode benefitting free-run periods is proposed and compared with a mode providing 24 hours of air-conditioning in different scenarios using the same initial settings. Thus, different floor-to-ceiling heights, insulation placements and indoor conditions have been tested separately in both winter and summer periods. The results show that thermal comfort can be achieved in free-run periods only during a limited percentage of the year. Furthermore, although increasing building heights may lead to a rise in the free-run periods, in contemporary buildings it increases the total energy usage of the buildings between 6% and 9% in the mixed mode. Therefore, vernacular architecture strategies are proper in their own context. However, this energy usage can still be controlled and optimized by such considerations as insulation material placement. In this regard, the best envelope properties for different building functions are proposed for application in hot and humid climates.

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