scholarly journals Effective Public Participation is Fundamental for Marine Conservation—Lessons from a Large-Scale MPA

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 470-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Day
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Conservation

scholarly journals Effective public participation is fundamental for marine conservation - lessons from a large scale MPA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Day
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Participation Program

The Representative Areas Program (RAP) was, at the time, the most comprehensive process of community involvement and participatory planning for any environmental issue in Australia. The RAP was a key component of the widely acclaimed rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, and although completed in 2003, many lessons learned are still relevant today. This paper provides an analysis of the comprehensive public participation program that significantly influenced the final planning outcome. It provides insights into a fundamental component of effective marine planning, assessing what worked well and what did not in terms of public engagement. Some aspects of the public participation program were innovative, and some were more effective than others. The outcome was one-third of the Marine Park was declared as highly protected no-take zones in 2004, with the remainder of the park also zoned to provide lower levels of protection. The methods used to engage the public and the 25 lessons discussed in this paper should be of interest for practitioners, policy makers and academics elsewhere aiming for ‘good practice’ approaches to achieve environmental conservation.

Highest Austrian court abolishes EIA permit - but EIA appeal proceeding with regard to transport projects appears ineffective

elni Review ◽  
2007 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Thomas Alge ◽  
Dieter Altenburger
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
Investment Programme

This article demonstrates structural flaws in the Austrian EIA permit proceedings on federal motorway projects, based on recent proceedings and court decisions as well as on the results of Justice and Environment studies that were published in December 2006. The EIA proceedings discussed here are part of a large-scale motorway investment programme in the Vienna region. The legal position and practice on public participation and access to justice have led to the situation in which a project cannot be halted, although public-concerned court appeals were successful.

scholarly journals Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9572
Author(s):  
Veronica Relano ◽  
Maria Lourdes Deng Palomares ◽  
Daniel Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fishing The Line ◽  
Different Levels

In the last decades, several targets for marine conservation were set to counter the effects of increasing fishing pressure, e.g., protecting 10% of the sea by 2020, and establishing large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs). Using the ‘reconstructed’ catch data for 1950 to 2018 made available by the Sea Around Us initiative, we show that the declaration of an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in 1983 by the U.S.A. and its protection by the U.S. Coast Guard had a much bigger impact on catches around the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands than the subsequent creation of a LSMPA. This is similar to Pitcairn Islands, a UK territory. Trends differed sharply in the Galapagos and New Caledonia, where neither their EEZ declaration nor the LSMPA (by Ecuador in 1988 and by France in 2014) stopped local fisheries from continuous expansion. Our results also demonstrate that in the studied multizone LSMPAs continued local fishing induces a ‘fishing down’ effect wherein the mean trophic level (TL) declined, especially in the Galapagos, by 0.1 TL per decade. Stakeholders’ responses to a short questionnaire and satellite imagery lent support to these results in that they documented substantial fishing operations and ‘fishing the line’ within and around multizone LSMPAs. In the case of EEZs around less populated or unpopulated islands, banning foreign fishing may reduce catch much more than a subsequent LSMPA declaration. This confirms that EEZs are a tool for coastal countries to protect their marine biodiversity and that allowing fishing in an MPA, while politically convenient, may result in ‘paper parks’ within which fishing can cause the same deleterious effects as in wholly unprotected areas.

scholarly journals A holistic educational paradigm: Managing coastal resources in the Philippines

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 120-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Watts ◽  
Eduardo Macose ◽  
Eusebio Angara ◽  
Marivic Pajaro
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Coastal Resources ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
State College ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Government Body

The world is facing a depletion of marine resources that threatens entire cultures and endangers the very life of the planet. Reports indicate that over 80 per cent of world fish stocks are heavily exploited or depleted, yet close to 200 million people continue to depend on the fishery for livelihood (FAO 2008). The vast geographical range of many marine fish populations calls for public participation, communication and coordination on a large scale. The need for public participation is particularly acute in those countries where both government services and marine management infrastructure are limited. In the Philippines, public participation has been identified as a priority strategy to promote sustainable development of coastal resources (Republic Act 8435, Akester et al. 2007). Given the lack of empowered stakeholders and a functional government body that can appropriately address the challenges of coastal resource management through public participation, catalyst institutions need to step in. This role is being undertaken by the Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), located in Aurora Province on the northeast coast of Luzon Island, Philippines. ASCOT has adopted a holistic approach that offers a model for responsive education with a focus on participation and representative leadership. This article outlines ASCOT’s ongoing programs as an example of a ‘catalyst institution’ in action, with a focus on responsive education through the establishment of strategic partnerships and public participation. It also reports on research conducted with the local fisherfolk of Aurora Province and Pamana, a national alliance of fisherfolk Marine Protected Area (MPA) managers. Key words: fisherfolk empowerment, participative education, catalyst, bioregional planning

scholarly journals Evaluating local multi-stakeholder platforms in forest management in Ontario

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robson ◽  
Len M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Stakeholder Representation ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Ontario’s Local Citizens’ Committees (LCCs) are the oldest local multi-stakeholder platforms in forest management inCanada (since 1994) and one of the most researched. This paper is a meta-analysis of LCC research from large-scale surveys,document analysis of audits and case study interviews of members from two LCCs. Multi-stakeholder Platforms areexpected to lead to better and more acceptable decisions than traditional approaches because they involve multiple stakeholders;consequently, the focus of the paper is on stakeholder representation and success. Our analysis concludes thatrepresentation is an issue and that LCCs have a mixed level of success.Key words: public participation, success, representation, surveys, interviews

The Dewey-Lippmann Debate Today: Communication Distortions, Reflective Agency, and Participatory Democracy

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Advanced Capitalism ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Public Sphere

In this article, I introduce the Dewey-Lippmann democracy debate of the 1920s as a vehicle for considering how social theory can enhance the empirical viability of participatory democratic theory within the current context of advanced capitalism. I situate within this broad theoretical framework the theories of Habermas and Dewey. In the process, I argue (a) that while Dewey largely failed to reconcile his democratic ideal with the empirical constraint of large-scale organizations, Habermas, in particular his work on the public sphere, provides an important starting point for considering the state of public participation within the communication distortions of advanced capitalism; (b) that to fully understand the relation between communication distortions and public participation, social theorists must look beyond Habermas and return to Dewey to mobilize his bi-level view of habitual and reflective human agency; and, finally, (c) that the perspective of a Deweyan political theory of reflective agency best furthers our understanding of potential communication distortions and public participation, particularly in the empirical spaces of media centralization and intellectual property rights.

Cleaning up New Orleans: The impact of a missing population on disaster debris removal

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Cook, BA
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Rebuilding Effort ◽  
Disaster Debris ◽  
The Impact

Public participation in a disaster debris removal process is an important component to any large-scale rebuilding effort. How, then, does such an effort progress when nearly two-thirds of the affected community’s population does not come back to participate? The City of New Orleans faced just such a situation after Hurricane Katrina and the catastrophic flooding that followed. The debris removal task is the largest in US history, and very few residents returned to participate in the cleanup. This article provides a further understanding of the impact that New Orleans’ missing population had on the city’s cleanup process. This article asserts that without this city’s residents (or first filters), the enormous debris removal effort in New Orleans was further slowed and complicated. The first two sections provide background and context, identifying the size and scope of the disaster, the low residential return rate, and the role of public participation in previous large-scale debris removal efforts. The next three sections focus on the disaster debris itself, identifying specific ways in which the missing population further complicated New Orleans’ cleanup efforts with regard to (a) the duration of the debris removal process, (b) the volume of debris, and (c) the contamination of debris.The final section considers various measures that emergency planners and managers can take to facilitate “participatory repopulation,” thus mitigating the complications of a missing population.

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