Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home and in Public Places in Syria: A Developing Country's Perspective

The 2003 School Health Act of Taiwan stipulated that school campuses of senior high and below should be smoke free, but data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey show that the majority of students are exposed to smoke in public and at home. More than 50% of nonsmokers indicated that they had been exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) in public places, with the exposure rate as high as 90% among smokers. More than 40% of junior and senior high school students were exposed to SHS at home. Support for banning smoking in public places ranged from almost 60% to almost 80%. More than 60% of current smokers and almost 90% of never smokers think that smoke from others is harmful to them. With a clear body of evidence detailing the harmful effects, reduction and eventual elimination of exposure to SHS should be the goal of the tobacco control community.

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Family Smoking, Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home and Family Unhappiness in Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph121114557 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 14557-14570 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jian Chen ◽

Sai Ho ◽

Wing Au ◽

Man Wang ◽

Tai Lam

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoking Exposure ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

At Home

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Reducing Children's Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home: A Randomized Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2012-2351d ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 132 (6) ◽

pp. X11-X11

Keyword(s):

Randomized Trial ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

Children’S Exposure ◽

At Home

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Sex and Age Differences in Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home among Korean Adolescents: A Nationally Representative Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph13020241 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 241 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jun Hwang ◽

Soon-Woo Park

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Representative Survey ◽

Korean Adolescents ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

Sex And Age Differences ◽

At Home

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Biomarker evaluation of Greek adolescents’ exposure to secondhand smoke

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327109354941 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 459-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

CI Vardavas ◽

MN Tzatzarakis ◽

M. Plada ◽

AM Tsatsakis ◽

A. Papadaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Serum Cotinine ◽

Public Places ◽

School Based ◽

Shs Exposure ◽

Almost All ◽

Biomarker Evaluation ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a significant threat to public health, and represents a danger for both the development and health status of children and adolescents. Taking the above into account, our aim was to quantify Greek adolescents’ exposure to SHS using serum cotinine levels. During 2006, 341 adolescents aged 13-17 were randomly selected from high schools in Heraklion and agreed to participate as part of the European Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. Blood samples were drawn from a random sample of 106 adolescents, while serum cotinine/nicotine concentrations were measured by Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The mean levels of serum cotinine and nicotine were calculated at 1.60 ± 2.18 ng/mL and 4.48 ± 4.00 ng/mL, respectively, while 97.7% of the non-smoker adolescents were found to have measureable levels of serum cotinine indicating exposure to SHS. The analysis revealed that their paternal (p = .001) and maternal smoking habits (p = .018) as also the existence of a younger brother or sister (p = .008) were the main modifiers of SHS exposure during adolescence. Conclusively, almost all of the measured Greek adolescents were exposed to SHS, even when their parents were non-smokers. This finding indicates the need for both community and school-based educational programmes as also the implementation of a comprehensive ban on smoking in public places.

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Exposure to secondhand smoke in Iranian pregnant women at home and the related factors

Tobacco Prevention & Cessation ◽

10.18332/tpc/104435 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (February) ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽

Zohreh Karimiankakolaki ◽

Ashraf Kazemi ◽

Nastaran Keshavarz Mohammadi ◽

Hossein Fallahzadeh

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Related Factors ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

At Home

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Association Between the Location of Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms among South Korean Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17145116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (14) ◽

pp. 5116

Author(s):

Bich Na Jang ◽

Wonjeong Jeong ◽

Soo Hyun Kang ◽

Sung-In Jang

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Public Places ◽

South Korean ◽

Using Data ◽

Reported Data ◽

At Home

The incidence of depression among adolescents has gradually increased, leading to adult psychological outcomes and suicide. Although the rate of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) has recently decreased, SHSE remains high in children. We aimed to determine the association between depressive symptoms in adolescents and the locations of SHSE using an extensive population survey. Using data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, we assessed self-reported data of depressive symptoms and SHSE among non-smokers. SHSE locations were classified into four groups: only at school, only at home, at both school and home, and other places. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the associations between SHSE locations and depressive symptoms. The relationship between SHSE and depressive symptoms was the highest in the “SHSE at home and school” group (boys: odds ratio [OR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.44–1.80; girls: OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.54–1.91), followed by the “school” (boys: OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.39–1.67; girls: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.25–1.48) and “home” groups (boys: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.12–1.35; girls: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.20–1.40). These results emphasize the importance of stricter smoking regulations not only in public places, but also in households. Adolescents and their families should be educated on the dangers of smoking and the effects of SHSE on mental health.

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Prevalence of Portuguese Children Exposed to Secondhand Smoke at Home and in the Car

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.11655 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (7-8) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

José Precioso ◽

Vânia Rocha ◽

Isabel Sousa ◽

Ana Carolina Araújo ◽

José Cunha Machado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parental Smoking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Representative Study ◽

Promote Smoking Cessation ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

Children’S Exposure ◽

At Home

Introduction: Children’s exposure to secondhand smoke is a cause of serious health problems and infant morbidity. This is the first nationally representative study conducted in Portugal to describe the prevalence of children exposed to secondhand smoke at home and in the car.Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 2396 Portuguese children aged 0 to 9 years old, stratified by age and administrative region NUTS II. Questionnaires were administered between January and September 2016.Results: Results showed that 6.1% of mothers and 11.2% of fathers reported smoking at home. It was found that 4.5% of mothers and 8.3% of fathers reported smoking in the car. Results also showed that 5.4% of children were double exposed to secondhand smoke at home and in the car. Children whose parents were smokers and had a lower level of education were more exposed to secondhand smoke at home.Discussion: Children’s exposure to secondhand smoke has been decreasing in Portugal. Parental smoking and a low educational level were risk factors for children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home.Conclusion: The main source of children’s exposure to secondhand smoke is parental smoking. As such, it is crucial to implement effective measures to control parental smoking. It is necessary to promote smoking cessation among parents and to ban smoking inside the car.

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