Waardenburg Syndrome Type II, Associated with Atrial Septal Defect and Rocker Bottom Foot in a New Born – A Rare Case Presentation

Background: There are a number of syndromes with a combination of pigmentary abnormalities, hearing abnormalities and other defects. One among these pigmentary syndromes is waardenburg syndrome, which is further classified into four types. All these types show marked variability even within pedigrees. Case-Report: We are reporting a case of Waardenburg syndrome type 2, with an unusual presentation of atrial septal defect and rocker bottom foot. Conclusion: All clinicians on noticing, any child with white forelock of hair or heterochromia iris should get the child’s hearing tested and further systemic evaluation, at the first instance, because an early intervention for hearing impairment and other defects can improve the outcome of child. Family counselling is at-most important for these children with syndromes. We describe a unique case of Waardenburg syndrome type 2 with an unusual presentation of atrial septal defect and rocker bottom foot.

Phenotypes and subphenotypes of delirium: a review of current categorisations and suggestions for progression

Delirium is a clinical syndrome occurring in heterogeneous patient populations. It affects 45–87% of critical care patients and is often associated with adverse outcomes including acquired dementia, institutionalisation, and death. Despite an exponential increase in delirium research in recent years, the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in the clinical presentation of delirium are still hypotheses. Efforts have been made to categorise the delirium spectrum into clinically meaningful subgroups (subphenotypes), using psychomotor subtypes such as hypoactive, hyperactive, and mixed, for example, and also inflammatory and non-inflammatory delirium. Delirium remains, however, a constellation of symptoms resulting from a variety of risk factors and precipitants with currently no successful targeted pharmacological treatment. Identifying specific clinical and biological subphenotypes will greatly improve understanding of the relationship between the clinical symptoms and the putative pathways and thus risk factors, precipitants, natural history, and biological mechanism. This will facilitate risk factor mitigation, identification of potential methods for interventional studies, and informed patient and family counselling. Here, we review evidence to date and propose a framework to identify subphenotypes. Endotype identification may be done by clustering symptoms with their biological mechanism, which will facilitate research of targeted treatments. In order to achieve identification of delirium subphenotypes, the following steps must be taken: (1) robust records of symptoms must be kept at a clinical level. (2) Global collaboration must facilitate large, heterogeneous research cohorts. (3) Patients must be clustered for identification, validation, and mapping of subphenotype stability.

Foreldre underrapporterer om konflikter og utfordringer i forkant av mekling. En evaluering av familievernets differensieringsverktøy

Background: In 2016, the Norwegian family counselling service implemented differentiated mediation to give cumstomized help. The differentiation tool (i.e., questionnaire) has never been evaluated. Method: Using a sample of 761 parents, we compared parent responses given over the phone to the family counselling service and anonymously to an electronic version of the questionnaire. Results: One-third of the parents underreported their challenges to the family counselling service, and only 15% of parents who, in the electronic questionnaire reported substanse abuse or violence in the relationship, revealed this to the service. Underreporters had higher interparental conflict and more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Parents who underreported problems with substanse abuse and violence had more physically violent conflicts. Conclusions: There is a need to improve the validity of the differentiation tool. We suggest that parents need information and a safe environment when completing the questionnaire. Electronic administration of the questionnaire may serve this purpose. Keywords: parental mediation, differentiated mediation, parental conflict, partner violence

Message from Executive Editor

As an international journal that finds fulfilment in providing quality reading materials for our readers, we are delighted to publish the Volume 11, Number 2 issue of our highly respected journal “Global Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Current Perspectives”. The aim of this issue is to present the findings of research that was conducted by our seasoned researchers in the areas of cyber counselling, family counselling and Gender counselling. With most of our countries opening up after the global slow-down due to the pandemic, we deem it necessary to address the selected topics in this issue. We believe the topics will address individual’s concerns across the globe and help individuals to be better prepared for life after COVID. This issue which covers topics from four different continents of the world is rich in information and would guide our readers as well as researchers in the field of guidance and counselling. Enjoy reading!! Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nur Demirbas Celik, Executive Editor Alanya Alaadin Keykubat University, Turkey

Pengaruh Pelayanan Pastoral Terhadap Keutuhan Keluarga Studi Kasus Jemaat Gereja Di bawah Naungan Badan Kerjasama Umat Kristiani (Bkukin) Indonesia Di Nederland

It was identified that the number of divorce cases that happened in Netherlands on 2019 has increased up to 51.4%. The statistical data on divorce cases become the indicator of this research, which is focusing on analyzing the effect of pastoral care towards family wholeness in churches under BKUKIN. This research is using purposive sampling and analyzing 62 questionnaires that were distributed to church congregations under BKUKIN. Simple linear regression analysis become the data analysis method of this research along with pastoral care that identified as independent variable and family wholeness as the dependent variable. Reliability and validity analysis were done to analyze the research data. Hypotheses testing such as linearity test, normality test and heterokedasticity test were done as a requirement for simple linear regression analysis. The outcome of this research shows that pastoral care plays a positive significant effect on family wholeness (P=<0.05). Y = 32,341 + 0,732 X is equation of simple linear regression in this research. Based on the simple linear regression equation, it was found that the regression coefficient (b) is 0.732 which indicates that there is an addition one unit of pastoral care level that increase the number of family wholeness with 0.732 unit. The coefficient of determination shows that 25.5% of pastoral care has effectedChristian family wholeness in churches under BKUKIN. Meanwhile, the other 74.5% of family wholeness is affected by otherThere are some possible reasons on this matters that include the lack of family counselling for married couples, children, teenagers and young adults; lack on pre-marital counselling; r permit between unmarried couple/people to legally live together; and the separation of church life from personal life. The recommendation on the outcome of this research is that family counselling should begin at teenage stage of adolescents by providing information and lessons on family preparation as well as the usage of online technology to carry out pastoral care with the theme of family wholeness and the involvement of prayer elementin every pastoral care.

Addiction Counselor Profession: Perception of Family Support for Recovering from Drug Abuse Addiction

The family is the smallest unit of society that affects the lives of drug users undergoing rehabilitation programs. Family can be a source of social support for substance users in solving problems through perception. The perception of family support is a source of social support to foster confidence in drug rehabilitation programs. This study aims to determine the level of family support for substance users undergoing drug rehabilitation programs and recommendations for individual, group, and family counselling services. This study used a descriptive research type with the subject N = 217. The research subjects consisted of male and female genders; the data analysis used quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the category of substance users' perceptions of family support had a low level. The types of users at a deficient level were 2.30%, the low level was 57.14%, the high level was 33.18%, and the very high level was 7.37%. These findings prove that the family's influence is still very minimal for users to recover during rehabilitation. The contribution of family perceptions supports beliefs about recovering from drug addiction. The addiction counsellor profession from guidance and counselling graduates needs to implement family counselling services in collaboration with families in developing perceptions of drug addicts. Recommendations from this study's results are the implementation of family counselling services and support from families in concrete, emotional, informational, and reward.

Reconstruction of Sakīnah Family Criteria During the Covid-19 Period

This article describes the implementation and achievements of the sakīnah family during the Covid-19 period. Both refer to the technical guidelines of the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2011 regarding the criteria for the sakīnah family. This study uses sociological and al-maṣlaḥah approaches. The research location is in Konda District, Konawe Selatan Regency. The researchers obtained data from the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA), sub-district government, village heads, community leaders, and the public. This study found that the criteria for the sakīnah family were irrelevant to apply. The reason is that the expectations of these criteria are too high, especially in the fields of economy and social status. In addition, the KUA officers did not implement the sakīnah family counselling properly. Thus, the criteria for the sakīnah family need to be simplified and adapted to the conditions and characteristics of each region.

Evaluering av familievernets differensieringsverktøy_preprint v1

In 2016, the Norwegian family counselling service implemented differentiated mediation to give cumstomized help. The differentiation tool (i.e., questionnaire) has never been evaluated.In a sample of 761 parents, we compared parent responses given over the phone to the service and anonymously to an electronic version of the questionnaire. One third of the parents underreported their challenges to the family counselling service, and only 15% of parents who in the electronic questionnaire reported substanse abuse or violence in the relationship, revealed this to the service. Underreporters had higher relationship conflict and more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Parents who underreported about problems with substanse abuse and violence had more physically violent conflicts. In conclusion, there is a need to improve the validity of the differentiation tool. We suggest that parents need more information and a safer environment when completing the questionnaire. The electronic administration may serve this purpose.

Meditation to Mediate Emotional Swings of Breast Cancer Survivors

Cancer has gradually occupied a bigger space in mortality count. It’s reported that every four minutes a person is affected by cancer. Women had taken over men; mainly 1 in 30 women are affected by breast cancer. Breast cancer has cancer. Breast cancer has a great impact on emotional & social perspectives. More than an organ it’s a symbol of beauty and motherhood. In Ancient Tamil literatures, mainly sanga literatures at many instances poets have glorified the beauty of women, donating breast, hair, waist line & motherhood. Though difficult we still can survive with one kidney, one eye, leg and hand but in breast cancer it is tragedy. The pain of hair due to chemotherapy, losing a breast and beauty seems to be higher than pain caused by the disease. They undergo a lot of mood swings and emotional imbalances, to build in resilience and to enhance their livelihood meditation. Yoga helps than to beat over fatigue. It also helps manage the side effects of cancer treatment and helps manage the emotional add-ons such us mental fatigue, depression. Yoga is mainly recommended for the psycho-social wellbeing along with family counselling. The yogic package mainly had pranayama practice, meditation and few asanas. Regular practice if continued by breast cancer survivor even after the cancer cure will have lifelong benefits. The purpose of writing this article is to create awareness among women of my own motherland-Tamil Nadu to stay conscious and undergo regular screening as women are the true lights of our nation.