scholarly journals The Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use. Part I: Prevalence for HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among injecting drug users in four Australian cities

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENDY M. LOXLEY ◽  
MIKE PHILLIPS ◽  
SUSAN J. CARRUTHERS ◽  
JUDE S. BEVAN
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Australian Study

The Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use. Part II: Predicting exposure to hepatitis C and hepatitis B

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN J. CARRUTHERS ◽  
WENDY M. LOXLEY ◽  
MIKE PHILLIPS ◽  
JUDE S. BEVAN
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Australian Study

scholarly journals Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated risk behaviours amongst injecting drug users in three Afghan cities

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Nasir ◽  
Catherine S. Todd ◽  
M. Raza Stanekzai ◽  
Christian T. Bautista ◽  
Boulos A. Botros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Risk Behaviours

Theorising stigma and the experiences of injecting drug users in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Tindal ◽  
Kay Cook ◽  
Nena Foster
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Poor

This paper examines the stigma of injecting drug use as an underlying factor in the poor health status of Australian injecting drug users. Drawing on various models of stigma described in the literature, we examine injecting drug users’ experiences. As a case study, examples from Victorian (specifically Melbourne) policy and practice are included to exemplify community and societal attitudes towards injecting drug users and the implications of these for injecting drug user health. We conclude that redressing the negative effects of stigma requires political will, financial support, increased community commitment and a better understanding of the links between the social determinant of health and the poor health status of injecting drug users. Without reducing the stigma of injecting drug use the health of this marginalised population is likely to get worse, which will have broader negative population health effects.

scholarly journals Factors Correlating to the Development of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Drug Users—Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Zhou ◽  
Gao Feng Cai ◽  
Hua Kun Lv ◽  
Shuang Fei Xu ◽  
Zheng Ting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Increased Risk

Hepatitis C remains a significant public health threat. However, the main routes of transmission have changed since the early 1990s. Currently, drug use is the main source of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and some measures have been successively implemented and additional studies have been published. However, the factors correlating with HCV infection failed to clearly define. Our study pooled the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and analyzed sensitivity by searching data in the PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, and EBSCO databases. Publication bias was determined by Egger’s test. In our meta-analysis, HCV-infected and non-HCV-infected patients from 49 studies were analyzed. The pooled ORs with 95% CIs for study factors were as follows: Injecting drug use 10.11 (8.54, 11.97); sharing needles and syringes 2.24 (1.78, 2.83); duration of drug use >5 years 2.39 (1.54, 3.71); unemployment 1.50 (1.22, 1.85); commercial sexual behavior 1.00 (0.73, 1.38); married or cohabiting with a regular partner 0.88 (0.79, 0.98), and sexual behavior without a condom 1.72 (1.07, 2.78). This study found that drug users with histories of injecting drug use, sharing needles and syringes, drug use duration of >5 years, and unemployment, were at increased risk of HCV infection. Our findings indicate that sterile needles and syringes should be made available to ensure safe injection. In view of that, methadone maintenance treatment can reduce or put an end to risky drug-use behaviors, and should be scaled up further, thereby reducing HCV infection.

Do risk factors increase measurement of hepatitis B, C signs and HIV-AIDS among middle-aged and older IDUs in southwest Iran?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Abdolrahim Asadollahi ◽  
Abdolkarim Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Southwest Iran ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose Injecting drug use addiction is a main factor in hepatitis B, C infection and HIV–AIDS infection. The purpose of this paper is to measure seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C virus and HIV–AIDS amongst injecting drug users (IDUs) and its influencing factors. Design/methodology/approach The cross-sectional method was used in mid-2017 in Ahwaz city, southwest Iran. In total, 133 IDUs, aged 29–71 years (mean age=48.21 ± 10.4), were chosen from Aria addiction treatment centre. The data were collected on demographic and behavioural characteristics. In addition, serum samples were screened for those diseases. Findings In a total of 131 IDUs, 2 (1.5 per cent) were HIV+, 16 (11.7 per cent) HCV+ and 8 (6.1 per cent) HBV+. There was a significant correlation between diseases and IDU. Results of multiple regression stated that IDU was a more predicting variable as β=0.76 and the model was able to predict 74.1 per cent of the variance, F (3, 35)=12.42, ρ<0.001, R2=0.741, OR=3.01, 95% CI [1.44, 3.83]. The synchronised pairwise effect of age, imprisonment and IDU with GLM analysis was significant, F (2, 114)=20.433, ρ<0.000, η HCV + 2 = 0.609 , η HBV + 2 = 0.616 , and η HCV + 2 = 0.612 , λWilks’=0.056. The infection rate among IDUs was significant and the most important risk factor for these infections has been intravenous drug use, together with age of misusing and imprisonment. Research limitations/implications The non-cooperation of two samples, lack of participation of three addiction rehabilitation centres in Ahwaz city, the end of cooperation in the first two months of the implementation of the plan, and the lack of consistency of the three serum samples in the cases (two cases) were limitations of the study. Practical implications Based on the results, the following suggestions could be presented: establishing “Intervention Clubs” for treatment in the peripheral urban areas for the participation of women drug users – the responsible organisation is Cultural and Social Deputy of Ahwaz Municipality Organisation. Integration of “Small Self-caring Groups” in Sepidar Women’s Penitentiary in the East Ahwaz region – the responsible organisation is Khuzistan Province Prisons Organisation (the southwestern Iranian prisons authority); constructing “Community-based Committees” to increase the level of social intervention – the responsible organisation is the Iran Drug Control Headquarters at Iranian Presidential Office; screening of injecting drug use in the populations at risk, especially girls and women in marginalised areas – the responsible organisation is Deputy Director of Prevention and Treatment of Addiction in the Iran Welfare and Rehabilitation Organisation; establishing an “Patient Treatment Center” in high-risk areas along with directing drug users and supervising the relevant authorities – the responsible organisation is Deputy Police Commander on Social Assistance; providing education to families involved with addiction in the “Neighborhood Parks” – the responsible organisation is Deputy for Health Affairs. Social implications They are mixed with practical implications as well. Originality/value The comprehensive harm reduction plan and prison-related issues of IDUs with shared syringe along with the pairwise age and imprisonment need to consider the above factors.

Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users

AIDS ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 2295-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Aceijas ◽  
Gerry V Stimson ◽  
Matthew Hickman ◽  
Tim Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use

scholarly journals HIV risk behaviour among injecting drug users in Perth: the Australian National AIDS and Injecting Drug Use Study

1992 ◽  
Vol 156 (10) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy M Loxley ◽  
Alison M Marsh ◽  
David V Hawks ◽  
Allan J Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Drug Use Study
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