Effect of RehaCom cognitive rehabilitation software on working memory and processing speed in chronic ischemic stroke patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Amiri ◽  
Peyman Hassani-Abharian ◽  
Salar Vaseghi ◽  
Rouzbeh Kazemi ◽  
Mohammad Nasehi
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients

WAIS-IV Profiles in First-Ever Unilateral Ischemic Stroke Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Theiling ◽  
Franz Petermann ◽  
Monika Daseking
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

This study aims to identify WAIS-IV profiles in unilateral ischemic stroke patients in rehabilitation (n = 107) compared to matched controls, to determine if patients demonstrate lateralized cognitive impairment, and to investigate whether aphasia has an additional effect on language and working memory subtests. Analyses revealed impairment in performance of stroke patients relative to controls, while effect of left-hemisphere stroke were large on subtests with language and processing speed demands, and of right-hemisphere stroke on subtests with visuo-spatial and processing speed demands. Aphasia had an additional effect on language, working memory and processing speed subtests. Findings confirm the pattern of cognitive deficits found with older versions of the WAIS and suggest that the WAIS-IV detects cognitive deficits in stroke patients.

Abstract WP123: Neuroprotective Efficacy of P7C3-A20 After Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary B Loris ◽  
Andrew A Pieper ◽  
W. D Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Behavioral Improvement

Ischemic stroke is a devastating condition with few therapeutics available. The recently identified neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20 (A20) inhibits mature neuronal apoptosis while increasing the net magnitude of postnatal neurogenesis. P7C3 compounds enhance flux of NAD in the salvage pathway, a proposed therapeutic utility in treating stroke patients. P7C3 has demonstrated efficacy in several preclinical neurodegenerative models, yet it has never been tested in focal cerebral ischemia. Implementing STAIR recommendations, a 90min rat middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed followed by immediate injection of A20 or vehicle and then twice daily injections for 7 days. The therapeutic window was assessed using the same experimental paradigm, with rats injected at a delayed time point (6hrs). Acutely (n=12/group), A20-treated rats had significantly fewer missteps in the sensorimotor grid-walk task (A20 mean (AM)=16.8±3; Vehicle mean (VM)=33.%±7.4), and chronically (28 days post-injury) had significantly reduced escape latencies on day 4 in the water maze task (AM=16.7±1.6; VM=24.2±1.7) than vehicle-treated controls. Behavioral improvements were associated with significantly decreased cortical (AM=0.44±0.03; VM=0.35±0.01) and hippocampal atrophy (AM =0.94±0.05; VM=0.81±0.03) and increased neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (AM=513±29; VM=356±31). Furthermore, normalized NAD levels decreased in vehicle-treated rats (VM=0.2±0.03) and this was rescued with A20 treatment (AM=0.35±0.04). A20 continued to demonstrate efficacy in sensorimotor and working memory behavior tasks when administered at 6hrs. Both A20-treated rat time points showed the most improvement with asymmetry in the cylinder task (Immediate AM=34.5±3.3; Delayed AM=40.7±3; Immediate VM=26.5±3.9; delayed VM=30.3±6.1) and working memory (Immediate AM=39.4±7.1; Delayed AM=41.9±6.5; Immediate VM=35.9±8.1; delayed VM=6.36±7.9) compared with vehicle controls (n=4-5/group). In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that treatment with A20 produces benefits on both degenerative and reparative processes after focal ischemia, which translates into behavioral improvement and suggests new therapeutic approaches to treat stroke patients.

The relationship between serum and liquor IL-1β, IL-6, TNFa, IL-10 levels and clinical, cognitive and functional characteristics in acute ischemic stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Kulesh ◽  
E. M. Kuklina ◽  
V. V. Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Visual Spatial

Introduction. Inflammation is probably the main process that links cardiovascular risk factors with damage to blood vessels and neurons. Elucidation of mechanisms of this relationship is an important issue. Materials and methods. 70 acute stroke patients were studied to assess their neuropsychological (MMSE, MoCA, FAB, Clock Drawing Test, Shulte Tables and Verbal Fluency) and functional status (mRS, RivermeadMobility Index). The serum and liquor IL-1β, IL-6, TNFa and IL-10 levels were analyzed. Control group included subjects without cerebrovascular diseases. Results. Stroke patients had higher IL-10 serum concentration than controls. No difference was found for other cytokines. There was correlation between serum and liquor cytokines levels. We found positive correlation between IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 levels. High IL-1β concentration was associated with vascular riskfactors, cardioembolic stroke, enhanced severity of cerebral stroke, low processing speed, impaired executive and visual-spatial functions and higher grade of mRS on discharge. The same pattern was revealed for IL-6 and IL-10. IL-6 level was related to mRS without relation to NIHSS on admission. High TNFa concentration was linked with vascular riskfactors, low MMSE score and processing speed. Discussion. Despite the antagonistic effects of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 on inflammation, associations of these cytokines with anamnestic, clinical, neuropsychological and functional characteristics were similar in acute ischemic stroke. Probably, this fact indicates that during the acute ischemic brain damage process the immune response develops at the same time in pro- and anti-inflammatory directions. Its magnitude correlates with the damage severity and is associated with the effects of vascular riskfactors before stroke.

scholarly journals Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation enhances positive changes in movement functions, visual attention and depression of patients with chronic ischemic stroke: A clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2841-2849
Author(s):  
Seyed Ahmad Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Shahrzad Mazhari ◽  
Kiomars Najafi ◽  
Meysam Ahmadi ◽  
Iraj Aghaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Control Sham

Introduction: Stroke is one of the most serious and debilitating diseases in our society. Stroke survivors can suffer several neurological impairments. They typically show pathological changes in neural functions of brain areas. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be applied to modify cerebral excitability and has been recently applied in the treatment of neuropsychological and neurological disorders. The aim of the study herein was to evaluate changes in movement and cognitive functions of chronic ischemic stroke patients using anodic and cathodic tDCS. Method: In this clinical trial, 100 patients with chronic ischemic stroke were divided in 4 groups (control, sham, anodic tDCS, and cathodic tDCS; n=25 per group). The patients underwent routine treatment and received the same tDCS protocol (3 times per week of 30-min sessions during one month). Movement and cognitive functions were evaluated using the NIHSS Scale & Trail Making Test and the Beck Test, before and after 1 and 3 months of tDCS sessions. All data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS program (version 18). Results: The results showed that there were significant increases (P<0.001) in NIHSS score and Barthel index between anodic group versus control, sham, or cathodic group, at various timepoints (before vs. 1 month after tDCS, 1 month vs. 3 months after tDCS, and before vs. 3 months after tDCS). Furthermore, there were significant decreases (P<0.001) between anodic group versus control, sham, or cathodic group, at the various timepoints (before vs. 1 month after tDCS, 1 month vs. 3 months after tDCS, and before vs. 3 months after tDCS). Conclusion: Anodic tDCS has advantageous effects on movement and cognitive rehabilitation in stroke patients, but future studies are needed to further discern the differences and develop precise treatment protocols.  

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Itsasne Sanchez-Luengos ◽  
Yolanda Balboa-Bandeira ◽  
Olaia Lucas-Jiménez ◽  
Natalia Ojeda ◽  
Javier Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Meta Analysis

Cognitive deficits influence the quality of life of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. In order to reduce the impact of cognitive impairment in PD, cognitive rehabilitation programs have been developed. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in non-demented PD patients. Twelve articles were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The systematic review showed that attention, working memory, verbal memory, executive functions and processing speed were the most frequently improved domains. Meta-analysis results showed moderate effects on global cognitive status (g = 0.55) and working memory (g = 0.50); small significant effects on verbal memory (g = 0.41), overall cognitive functions (g = 0.39) and executive functions (g = 0.30); small non-significant effects on attention (g = 0.36), visual memory (g = 0.29), verbal fluency (g = 0.27) and processing speed (g = 0.24); and no effect on visuospatial and visuoconstructive abilities (g = 0.17). Depressive symptoms showed small effect (g = 0.24) and quality of life showed no effect (g = −0.07). A meta-regression was performed to examine moderating variables of overall cognitive function effects, although moderators did not explain the heterogeneity of the improvement after cognitive rehabilitation. The findings suggest that cognitive rehabilitation may be beneficial in improving cognition in non-demented PD patients, although further studies are needed to obtain more robust effects.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphisms and Alcohol Consumption on Cognitive Impairment after Ischemic Stroke in Han Chinese

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ying Yu ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Shasha Wang ◽  
Heng Lv ◽  
Liping Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cutoff Scores

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphisms are related to both stroke risk and alcohol consumption. However, the influence of ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption on cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke remains unknown, as do the possible mechanisms. We enrolled 180 Han Chinese ischemic stroke patients from four community health centers in Bengbu, China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and two different MoCA cutoff scores were used to define cognitive impairment in ischemic stroke patients. The ALDH2 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. To assess the associations of ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke, we performed binary logistic regression analysis with odds ratios. We revealed that individuals with the ALDH2 wild-type genotype were more likely to have high MoCA scores than those with the mutant and heterozygous types ( p = 0.034 ). In addition, using two MoCA cutoff scores, the percentage of moderate to excessive alcohol consumption in the cognitive impairment group was higher than that in the nonimpairment group ( p = 0.001 ). The levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal ( p = 0.001 ) and swallowing function ( p = 0.001 ) were also higher in the cognitive impairment group than in the nonimpairment group. Moreover, after adjusting for other potential risk factors, ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption had a significant synergistic effect on cognitive impairment ( p = 0.022 ). Specifically, the ALDH2 ∗ 2 mutant allele and higher alcohol consumption were associated with cognitive impairment and swallowing ability after ischemic stroke. Targeting ALDH2 may be a useful biomarker for cognitive rehabilitation following ischemic stroke.

Basic numerical processing, calculation, and working memory in children with dyscalculia and/or ADHD symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn ◽  
Elena Ise ◽  
Julia Raddatz ◽  
Christin Schwenk ◽  
Christian Dobel
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Numerical Processing ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neurocognitive Measures

Abstract. Objective: Deficits in basic numerical skills, calculation, and working memory have been found in children with developmental dyscalculia (DD) as well as children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This paper investigates cognitive profiles of children with DD and/or ADHD symptoms (AS) in a double dissociation design to obtain a better understanding of the comorbidity of DD and ADHD. Method: Children with DD-only (N = 33), AS-only (N = 16), comorbid DD+AS (N = 20), and typically developing controls (TD, N = 40) were assessed on measures of basic numerical processing, calculation, working memory, processing speed, and neurocognitive measures of attention. Results: Children with DD (DD, DD+AS) showed deficits in all basic numerical skills, calculation, working memory, and sustained attention. Children with AS (AS, DD+AS) displayed more selective difficulties in dot enumeration, subtraction, verbal working memory, and processing speed. Also, they generally performed more poorly in neurocognitive measures of attention, especially alertness. Children with DD+AS mostly showed an additive combination of the deficits associated with DD-only and A_Sonly, except for subtraction tasks, in which they were less impaired than expected. Conclusions: DD and AS appear to be related to largely distinct patterns of cognitive deficits, which are present in combination in children with DD+AS.


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