Role of Surface Active Agents to Prevent Coagulation of Natural Rubber Latex Against The Addition of n-Butyl Acrylate

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
M. E. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active

The Preparation of Cyclized Rubber from Natural-Rubber Latex

1951 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
G. J. van Veersen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Hydrogen Fluoride ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Boron Fluoride ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active

Abstract The hydrochlorination of rubber in the form of latex which has been stabilized by surface-active agents, such as Emulphor-O, or by cationic agents such as Fixanol, shows that hydrogen chloride molecules diffuse very easily into the latex globules. Accordingly it was to be expected that, by replacing hydrogen chloride gas by hydrogen fluoride gas, which is a cyclizing agent of rubber, a cyclized rubber would be obtained. This line of reasoning was confirmed experimentally. As a result of an experimental study, it was proved that boron fluoride, BF8 also, brings about cyclization of rubber in latex, and van Amerongen has already shown that sulfuric acid likewise can be used as a catalyst. Since sulfuric acid is much easier to handle than either hydrogen fluoride or boron fluoride, it was used in most of the experiments in the present work.

Rheological behavior of natural rubber latex in the presence of surface-active agents

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (56) ◽  
pp. 975-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Peethambaran ◽  
Baby Kuriakose ◽  
Manjari Rajan ◽  
A. P. Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active

The role of plant panallergens in sensitization to natural rubber latex

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Salcedo ◽  
Araceli Diaz-Perales ◽  
Rosa Sanchez-Monge
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex

Preparation, Adhesive Performance and Stability of Natural Rubber Latex Grafted with N-Butyl Acrylate (BA) and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA)

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranee Chumsamrong ◽  
Jakkarin Mondobyai
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Monomer Ratio ◽  
Lap Shear

In order to study the potential of increasing the weather stability of natural rubber latex for use as a water-based contact adhesive, the natural rubber latex was modified by graft copolymerization with n-butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The grafting reaction was carried out using emulsion polymerization at 60°C. Potassium persulfate was used to initiate polymerization. Four different weight percentage ratios of BA to MMA used in this work were 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Percentage conversion of the monomer of all latexes prepared was ≥ 79.8 %. The grafting efficiency of grafted natural rubber latexes with a different monomer ratio tended to decrease with an increase of MMA. The adhesion property was characterized by 90° peel strength and 180° lap shear tests. The shear strength value of grafted natural rubber latexes increased with an increase of MMA content. The grafted latex with the monomer ratio of 50:50 possessed higher shear strength than natural rubber latex. The peel strength value of grafted natural rubber latexes seemed to lower than that of natural rubber latex. The weather stability of the modified latex was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and also the peel samples were left in the open air for 45 days before testing. The results showed that grafted natural rubber latex had a higher weather stability than natural rubber latex.

scholarly journals Grafting of n-butyl acrylate with natural rubber latex film by gamma radiation: a reaction mechanism

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
KMZ Hossain ◽  
AM Sarwaruddin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
The Cross

Natural rubber latex (NRL) and n-butyl acrylate (n-BA) were blended and irradiated at various absorbed doses by gamma rays from Co-60 source at room temperature. The stabilizing effect was determined by measuring the pH and viscosity of NRL with n-BA with the storage time of five weeks. The cross-link density, swelling ratio of the radiation vulcanized rubber film were measured. The cross-link density of the n-BA grafted NRL film was found increasing and the swelling ratio of that film decreasing with the increased absorbed dose. The optimum radiation dose for better cross-linking of natural rubber latex blended with five parts per hundred rubber (phr) n-BA was found 15 kGy absorbed dose. Based on the cross-linking properties a probable cross-linking reaction mechanism for the n-BA grafted natural rubber latex film was developed. Keywords: Natural rubber latex, n-butyl acrylate, Irradiation, Swelling ratio, Cross-link, Reaction mechanism. DOI: 10.3329/diujst.v5i1.4386 Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.5(1) 2010 pp.81-88

The Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers in Natural-Rubber Latex

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Bloomfield ◽  
P. McL. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract Practical methods are described for polymerizing methacrylic esters, styrene, and other vinyl monomers in natural-rubber latex. The larger rubber particles require an appreciable time to attain equilibrium with the monomer diffusing into them from a liquid monomer phase dispersed in the serum. Provided that substantial proportions of added surface-active substances are avoided, rubber-soluble monomers can be polymerized almost entirely within the rubber particles, and the modified latex then contains no separately emulsified free polymer. Such conditions favor combination of polymer with rubber. The addition of a sufficiently large amount of dispersing agent favors polymerization of emulsified monomer, with less involvement of the rubber. In this way there can be obtained mixtures of rubber and polymer from monomers whose polymerization is otherwise inhibited by the presence of polyisoprene hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals The Role of Ammonia in Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles in Skim Natural Rubber Latex

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panu Danwanichakul ◽  
Thanawat Suwatthanarak ◽  
Chidchanok Suwanvisith ◽  
Duangkamol Danwanichakul
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Controlling Effect ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Size Controlling ◽  
Latex Production

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized in skim natural rubber latex, the by-product from concentrated latex production. The role of ammonia was investigated by varying the concentration to be 0.217, 0.362, 0.377, 0.392, and 0.406 wt%. The emergence of AgNPs was detected by UV-visible spectrophotometer and electrical conductivity meter. Upon increasing ammonia concentration, the ABS peak increased to a maximum and slightly shifted to a higher wavelength and then it decreased afterward and slightly shifted to a lower wavelength. The shift of the ABS peak was consistent with the conductivity result. The kinetic model was proposed to explain the competition between the reducing effect and size-controlling effect of ammonia. The reducing effect seemed to dominate in the low range of concentration while the size-controlling effect via the formation of AgNH32+ complex ion was important in the higher range. The TEM figures evidently confirmed the effects.

The role of plant panallergens in sensitization to natural rubber latex

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Salcedo ◽  
Araceli Diaz-Perales ◽  
Rosa Sanchez-Monge
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex
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