Predictions of Individual Change Recovered With Latent Class or Random Coefficient Growth Models

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya K. Sterba ◽  
Daniel J. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Random Coefficient ◽  
Individual Change

scholarly journals An application of latent class random coefficient regression

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Erichsen ◽  
Per Bruun Brockhoff
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Random Coefficient ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Latent Class Regression ◽  
Preference Mapping ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
The Em Algorithm ◽  
Random Coefficient Regression

In this paper we apply a statistical model combining a random coefficient regression model and a latent class regression model. The EM-algorithm is used for maximum likelihood estimation of the unknown parameters in the model and it is pointed out how this leads to a straightforward handling of a number of different variance/covariance restrictions. Finally, the model is used to analyze how consumers' preferences for eight coffee samples relate to sensory characteristics of the coffees. Within this application the analysis corresponds to a model-based version of the so-called external preference mapping.

Zero-Inflated Latent Class Growth Models: A Tutorial Using Data From a Longitudinal Cohort

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trynke Hoekstra ◽  
Sterling M. Mcpherson ◽  
Celestina Barbosa-Leiker ◽  
Jos W. R. Twisk
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Latent Class Growth

scholarly journals Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Experienced by Older People: Effects of Time, Hurricane Sandy, and the Great Recession

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pruchno ◽  
Maureen Wilson-Genderson ◽  
Allison Heid ◽  
Francine Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objectives To examine depressive symptom trajectories as a function of time and exposure to Hurricane Sandy, accounting for the effects of the Great Recession. Methods We analyzed 6 waves of data from a 12-year panel using latent class growth models and multinomial logistic regression. Results We identified 4 groups of people experiencing different trajectories of depressive symptoms. The groups differed on baseline characteristics (gender, age, education, income, race), history of diagnosed depression, and initial level of depressive symptoms. The group with the highest levels of depressive symptoms reported greater levels of peri-traumatic stress exposure to Hurricane Sandy. Discussion Depressive symptoms increased as a function of the Great Recession, but exposure to Hurricane Sandy was not associated with subsequent increases in depressive symptoms for any of the 4 groups. People who consistently experienced high levels of depressive symptoms over time reported the highest levels of peri-traumatic stress during Hurricane Sandy. Findings highlight the importance of accounting for historical trends when studying the effects of disaster, identify people likely to be at risk during a disaster, and provide novel information about the causal relationship between exposure to disaster and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Trajectories of Self-control in a Forensic Psychiatric Sample: Stability and Association with Psychopathology, Criminal History, and Recidivism

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1255-1275
Author(s):  
Eva Billen ◽  
Carlo Garofalo ◽  
Jeroen K. Vermunt ◽  
Stefan Bogaerts
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Violent Recidivism ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
And Coping

The current study examined trajectories of two indicators of self-control—impulsivity and coping skills—in 317 forensic psychiatric patients, as well as associations with psychopathology, crime, and recidivism. Violent recidivism was positively associated with coping skills at admission to the clinic and with impulsivity at discharge. Only a small correlation was found between self-control and criminal history, and there was no association with psychopathology. We found multiple trajectories of self-control using Latent Class Growth Models: more than 89% improving over time. In addition, patients with Cluster C personality disorders showed greater improvement in coping skills. Patients showing less improvement in impulsivity had greater rates of crime and recidivism. We conclude that self-control can be influenced by interventions or treatment, and that both starting values and trajectories of self-control provide valuable information. Interestingly, the associations between self-control and psychopathology, crime and recidivism were not as strong as reported in other populations.

Associations between longitudinal trajectories of insomnia symptoms and sleep duration with objective physical function in postmenopausal women: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E Kline ◽  
Alicia B Colvin ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
Carrie A Karvonen-Gutierrez ◽  
Jane A Cauley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Insomnia Symptom ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Study Objectives Examine the association between trajectories of self-reported insomnia symptoms and sleep duration over 13 years with objective physical function. Methods We utilized data from 1627 Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) participants, aged 61.9±2.7 y at the end of the 13-y follow-up. Latent class growth models identified trajectories of insomnia symptoms (trouble falling asleep, frequent night-time awakenings, and/or early-morning awakening) and sleep duration over 13 y. Physical function tests were performed at the end of the 13-y period: 40-ft walk, 4-m walk, repeated chair stand, grip strength, and balance. Multivariable regression analyses examined each physical function measure according to the insomnia symptom or sleep duration trajectory group. Results Five insomnia symptom trajectories and two sleep duration trajectories were identified. Women with a consistently high likelihood of insomnia symptoms and women with a decreased likelihood of insomnia symptoms (i.e., improving) had slower gait speed (3.5% slower 40-ft walk [consistently high], 3.7% slower 4-m walk [improving]; each P≤.05) than those with a consistently low likelihood of insomnia symptoms. In contrast, women with a steep increase in the likelihood of insomnia symptoms over time and women with persistent insufficient sleep duration had lower odds of having a balance problem (odds ratio [OR]=0.36 and OR=0.61, respectively; each P<.02) compared to those with a consistently low likelihood of insomnia symptoms and those with persistent sufficient sleep duration, respectively. Conclusion These results suggest that women’s sleep during midlife has important implications for maintaining physical function during the transition into older adulthood.

Individual change and the timing and onset of important life events

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Grimm ◽  
Katerina Marcoulides
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Time Invariant

Researchers are often interested in studying how the timing of a specific event affects concurrent and future development. When faced with such research questions there are multiple statistical models to consider and those models are the focus of this paper as well as their theoretical underpinnings and assumptions regarding the nature of the effect of the event on the developmental process. We discuss three models, all variants of growth models specified within the multilevel modeling framework, which conceptualize the developmental process and the effect of the event in different ways. These models include the growth model with a time-invariant covariate, the growth model with a time-varying covariate, and the spline growth model. After discussing the models in detail, we applied these models to longitudinal data from the Berkeley Growth Study to examine cognitive changes during infancy and the effect of independent sitting on those changes. Results suggest that research conclusions depend on the model chosen and how certain results can be misconstrued unless the model accurately reflects the research questions. Recommendations and additional non-traditional models are discussed.

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