A hierarchy of long wave-short wave type equations: quasi-periodic behavior of solutions and their representation

The evaluation of the effectiveness of countermeasures for a reduction of urban heat stress, such as façade greening, is challenging due to lacking transferability of results from one location to another. Furthermore, complex variables such as the mean radiant temperature(Tmrt)are necessary to assess outdoor human bioclimate. We observedTmrtin front of a building façade in Berlin, Germany, which is half-greened while the other part is bare.Tmrtwas reduced (mean 2 K) in front of the greened compared to the bare façade. To overcome observational shortcomings, we applied the microscale models ENVI-met, RayMan, and SOLWEIG. We evaluated these models based on observations. Our results show thatTmrt(MD = −1.93 K) and downward short-wave radiation (MD = 14.39 W/m2) were sufficiently simulated in contrast to upward short-wave and long-wave radiation. Finally, we compare the simulated reduction ofTmrtwith the observed one in front of the façade greening, showing that the models were not able to simulate the effects of façade greening with the applied settings. Our results reveal that façade greening contributes only slightly to a reduction of heat stress in front of building façades.

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On the modulation of water waves on shear flows

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1976.0015 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 347 (1651) ◽

pp. 537-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Keyword(s):

Water Waves ◽

Multiple Scales ◽

Method Of Multiple Scales ◽

Vries Equation ◽

Harmonic Wave ◽

Short Wave ◽

Long Wave ◽

Stokes Waves ◽

The Stability ◽

Wave Limit

The method of multiple scales is used to examine the slow modulation of a harmonic wave moving over the surface of a two dimensional channel. The flow is assumed inviscid and incompressible, but the basic flow takes the form of an arbitrary shear. The appropriate nonlinear Schrödinger equation is derived with coefficients that depend, in a complicated way, on the shear. It is shown that this equation agrees with previous work for the case of no shear; it also agrees in the long wave limit with the appropriate short wave limit of the Korteweg-de Vries equation, the shear being arbitrary. Finally, it is remarked that the stability of Stokes waves over any shear can be examined by using the results derived here.

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The Influence of Cloudiness on The Net Radiation Balance of A Snow Surface with High Albedo

Journal of Glaciology ◽

10.1017/s0022143000023388 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 13 (67) ◽

pp. 73-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

W. Ambach

Keyword(s):

Greenland Ice Sheet ◽

Short Wave ◽

Mean Value ◽

Wave Radiation ◽

Radiation Balance ◽

Net Radiation ◽

Long Wave ◽

Energy Excess ◽

Overcast Sky ◽

Long Wave Radiation

The short-wave and long-wave radiant fluxes measured in the accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet during a mid-summer period are discussed with respect to their dependence on cloudiness. At a cloudiness of 10/10, a mean value of 270 J/cm2 d is obtained for the daily totals of net radiation balance, whereas a mean value of only 75 J/cm2 d is observed at 0/10. The energy excess of the net radiation balance with overcast sky is due to the significant influence of the incoming long-wave radiation and the high albedo of the surface (average of 84%). High values of net radiation balance are therefore correlated with high values of long-wave radiation balance and low values of short-wave radiation balance.

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Random exponential attractor for stochastic discrete long wave-short wave resonance equation with multiplicative white noise

Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B ◽

10.3934/dcdsb.2020055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 3153-3170

Author(s):

Xingni Tan ◽

◽

Fuqi Yin ◽

Guihong Fan ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Noise ◽

Short Wave ◽

Exponential Attractor ◽

Long Wave ◽

Wave Resonance ◽

Multiplicative White Noise ◽

Resonance Equation

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Study the Effect of solvent on the Optical Properties Performance of active polymeric laser media

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.4.3.387-392 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 387-392

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Absorption Spectrum ◽

Pure Water ◽

Wave Length ◽

Blue Shift ◽

Short Wave ◽

Fluorescence Yield ◽

Effect Of Solvent ◽

Long Wave ◽

Short Wave Length ◽

Laser Media

The paper include studies the effect of solvent of dye doped in polymeric laser sample which manufactured in primo press way, which is used as an active (R6G) tunable dye lasers. The remarks show that, when the viscosity of the solvent (from Pure Water to Ethanol), for the same concentration and thickness of the performance polymeric sample is increased, the absorption spectrum is shifts towards the long wave length (red shift), & towards short wave length (blue shift) for fluorescence spectrum, also increased the quantum fluorescence yield. The best result we obtained for the quantum fluorescence yield is (0.882) with thickness (0.25mm) in Ethanol solvent in concentration (2*10-3mole/liter), while when we used the Pure Water as a solvent, we found that the best quantum fluorescence yield is (0.72) at the same thickness & concentration of the sample.

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Is the ultraviolet waveband a special communication channel in avian mate choice?

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.204.14.2499 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 204 (14) ◽

pp. 2499-2507 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sarah Hunt ◽

Innes C. Cuthill ◽

Andrew T. D. Bennett ◽

Stuart C. Church ◽

Julian C. Partridge

Keyword(s):

Mate Choice ◽

Communication Channel ◽

Visible Spectrum ◽

Short Wave ◽

Zebra Finches ◽

Long Wave ◽

Single Cone ◽

Coloured Filters ◽

Uv Reflection

SUMMARYThere is growing evidence that ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths play an important role in avian mate choice. One of the first experiments to support this idea showed that female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) prefer UV-reflecting males to males whose ultraviolet reflection has been removed. The effect was very strong despite little or no UV reflection from several plumage areas. However, it is not clear how the importance of the UV waveband compares to other regions of the bird-visible spectrum. We tested whether the response of female zebra finches to the removal of male UV reflection is greater than to the removal of other wavebands. We presented females with a choice of males whose appearance was manipulated using coloured filters. The filters removed single blocks of the avian visible spectrum corresponding closely to the spectral sensitivities of each of the zebra finch’s single cone classes. This resulted in males that effectively had no UV (UV−), no short-wave (SW−), no medium-wave (MW−) or no long-wave (LW−) plumage reflection. Females preferred UV− and SW− males. LW− and MW− males were least preferred, suggesting that female zebra finches show the greatest response to the removal of longer wavelengths. Quantal catches of the single cone types viewing body areas of the male zebra finch are presented for each treatment. Our study suggests it is important to consider the role of the UV waveband in avian mate choice in conjunction with the rest of the avian visible spectrum.

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Deposition of PANI/SSA Nano Films by MAPLE Technique and the XPS Research

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2470 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 287-290 ◽

pp. 2470-2473

Author(s):

Wei Wang ◽

Cheng Xiang Li ◽

Liu Si Sheng ◽

Guo Bin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Short Wave ◽

Long Wave ◽

Obvious Change ◽

Wave Laser

In this paper，PANI/SSA thin films were deposited by MAPLE technique with different lasers. The structures and composition of films were characterized by XPS. The XPS results showed that because of the protection of matrix, the main structures and composition of films were protected effectively during deposition. While different lasers bring different influence to film structures. To short-wave laser, photochemical effect is obvious, the structures related to doping showed obvious change. To long-wave laser, photochemical effect did not bring obvious change to related structures, the XPS peaks showed no difference to that of PANI/SSA powder.

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