Test–retest reliability of a knee joint position sense measurement method in sitting and prone position

Context: Knee joint-position sense (JPS) plays a critical role in controlled and stable joint movement. Poor ability to sense position of the knee can therefore increase risk of injury. There is no agreed consensus on JPS measurement techniques and a lack of reliability statistics on methods. Objective: To identify the most reliable knee JPS measurement technique using image capture. Design: Interexaminer, intraexaminer, and test-retest reliability of knee JPS measurements. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: 10 asymptomatic participants. Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measures: Relative and absolute error scores of knee JPS in 3 conditions (sitting, prone, active) through 3 ranges of movement (10-30°, 30-60°, 60-90°), into 2 directions (flexion and extension) using both legs (dominant and nondominant) collected during 15 trials and repeated 7 d after the first data collection. Results: Statistical analysis by intraclass correlations revealed excellent interexaminer reliability between researchers (.98) and intraexaminer reliability within 1 researcher (.96). Test-retest reliability was highest in the sitting condition from a starting angle of 0°, target angle through 60-90° of flexion, using the dominant leg and absolute-error-score variables (ICC = .92). However, it was noted smallest detectable differences were a high percentage of mean values for all measures. Conclusions: The most reliable JPS measurement for asymptomatic participants has been identified. Practitioners should use this protocol when collecting JPS data during prescreening sessions. However, generalizability of findings to a class/group of clients exhibiting knee pathologies should be done with caution.

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Test-retest reliability of wrist joint position sense in healthy adults in a clinical setting

Physiotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.physio.2018.11.243 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. e6

Author(s):

C. Pilbeam ◽

V. Hood-Moore

Keyword(s):

Clinical Setting ◽

Wrist Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Joint Position ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Test–retest reliability of wrist joint position sense in healthy adults in a clinical setting

Hand Therapy ◽

10.1177/1758998318770227 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 100-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chloë Pilbeam ◽

Victoria Hood-Moore

Keyword(s):

Measurement Error ◽

Standard Error ◽

Wrist Joint ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Introduction Proprioceptive assessments of the wrist inform clinical decision making. In wrist rehabilitation, joint position sense has emerged as one way of assessing conscious proprioception with varying methods and minimal psychometric analysis reported. The purpose of this study was to standardise the wrist joint position sense test method for clinical use and to determine its test–retest reliability in a healthy population. Methods Four wrist positions (20° and 45° flexion, 20° and 45° extension) were measured twice in a random order, by a single rater, using a universal goniometer on the same day. The absolute error in degrees between each position and reposition was calculated. For relative reliability analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient (3,1) was calculated. For absolute reliability the standard error of the measurement was calculated and Bland–Altman plots visually inspected. Results Fifty-five healthy volunteers (mean age 31.1 SD±10.25 years) were assessed. The mean absolute error, summarised for all positions for test and retest, was 3.98°. The intraclass correlation coefficients were poor to fair (0.07–0.47), and standard error of the measurement was 2° (rounded) for all positions. The limits of agreement were fairly narrow, and the Bland–Altman plots showed random distribution of errors for each position, therefore the measurement error was clinically acceptable. Conclusions The active wrist joint position sense test using goniometry demonstrated poor to fair test–retest reliability and acceptable measurement error in healthy volunteers. The wrist joint position sense angle of 20° flexion was the most reliable.

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Test–Retest Reliability of Isokinetic Wrist Strength and Proprioception Measurements

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2018-0341 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Barıs Seven ◽

Gamze Cobanoglu ◽

Deran Oskay ◽

Nevin Atalay-Guzel

Keyword(s):

Angular Velocity ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Strength Test ◽

Joint Position ◽

Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽

Active Joint ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Context:The evaluation of the wrist strength and proprioception gives clinicians and researchers information about effectiveness of their rehabilitation protocol or helps diagnosis of various neuromuscular and somatosensorial disorders. Isokinetic dynamometers are considered the gold standard for these evaluations. However, the studies about test–retest reliability of isokinetic dynamometer are inadequate.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the test–retest reliability of isokinetic wrist strength and proprioception measurements using the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer.Design:Test–retest reliability study.Setting:University laboratory.Participants:Thirty participants were enrolled (age 23.2 [2.8] y, height 171.1 [7] cm, weight 66.6 [11.6] kg) in this study.Intervention:Cybex isokinetic dynamometer was used for strength and proprioception measurements.Main Outcome Measures:Concentric flexion–extension strength test was performed at 90°/s angular velocity, and eccentric flexion–extension strength test was performed at 60°/s angular velocity. The proprioception of the wrist was assessed via active joint position sense. The 30° extension of the wrist, which is accepted as the functional position of the wrist, was selected as the targeted angle. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) method was used for test–retest analysis (P < .05).Results:The active joint position sense measurements of dominant (ICC2,1: .821) and nondominant (ICC2,1: .763) sides were found to have good test–retest reliability. Furthermore, with the exception of dominant eccentric extension strength (moderate reliability) (ICC2,1: .733), eccentric and concentric flexion (dominant: ICC2,1 = .890–.844; nondominant: ICC2,1 = .800–.898, respectively), and extension (dominant: ICC2,1 = .791 [concentric], nondominant: ICC2,1 = .791–.818, respectively) strength measurements of both sides were found to have good reliability.Conclusions:This study shows that the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer is a reliable method for measuring wrist strength and proprioception. Isokinetic dynamometers can be used clinically for diagnosis or rehabilitation in studies which contain wrist proprioception or strength measurements.

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Effect of Static Stretching of Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscles on Knee Joint Position Sense

Yearbook of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0162-0908(08)70359-3 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2006 ◽

pp. 156-157

Author(s):

I. Shrier

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Static Stretching ◽

Hamstring Muscles

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The Analysis of Proprioception Alteration during First Five Months after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences ◽

10.33607/bjshs.v1i84.293 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (84) ◽

Author(s):

Vilma Jurevičienė ◽

Albertas Skurvydas ◽

Juozas Belickas ◽

Giedra Bušmanienė ◽

Dovilė Kielė ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Angular Velocity ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Starting Position ◽

Angular Velocities ◽

Anterior Cruciate

Research background and hypothesis. Proprioception is important in the prevention of injuries as reduced proprioception is one of the factors contributing to injury in the knee joint, particularly the ACL. Therefore, proprioception appears not only important for the prevention of ACL injuries, but also for regaining full function after ACL reconstruction.Research aim. The aim of this study was to understand how proprioception is recovered four and five months after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Research methods. The study included 15 male subjects (age – 33.7 ± 2.49 years) who had undergone unilateral ACL reconstruction with a semitendinosus/gracilis (STG) graft in Kaunas Clinical Hospital. For proprioceptive assessment, joint position sense (JPS) was measured on both legs using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex), at knee flexion of 60° and 70°, and at different knee angular velocities of 2°/s and 10°/s. The patients were assessed preoperatively and after 4 and 5 months, postoperatively.Research results. Our study has shown that the JPS’s (joint position sense) error scores to a controlled active movement is significantly higher in injured ACL-deficient knee than in the contralateral knee (normal knee) before surgery and after four and five months of rehabilitation. After 4 and 5 months of rehabilitation we found significantly lower values in injured knees compared to the preoperative data. Our study has shown that in injured knee active angle reproduction errors after 4 and 5 months of rehabilitation were higher compared with the ones of the uninjured knee. Proprioceptive ability on the both legs was independent of all differences angles for target and starting position for movement. The knee joint position sense on both legs depends upon the rate of two different angular velocities and the mean active angle reproduction errors at the test of angular velocity slow speed was the highest compared with the fast angular velocity. Discussion and conclusions. In conclusion, our study shows that there was improvement in mean JPS 4 and 5 months after ACL reconstruction, but it did not return to normal indices.Keywords: knee joint, joint position sense, angular velocity, starting position for movement.

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