Considerations in the cost‐benefit evaluation of exercise programs

This paper proposed a net benefit value (NBV) model for cost–benefit evaluation of wastewater treatment and reuse projects, and attention was mainly paid to decentralized systems which are drawing wide interests all over the world especially in the water-deficient countries and regions. In the NBV model, all the factors related to project costs are monetary ones which can be calculated by using traditional methods, while many of the factors related to project benefits are non-monetary ones which need sophisticated methods for monetization. In this regard, the authors elaborated several methods for monetization of the benefits from wastewater discharge reduction, local environment improvement, and human health protection. The proposed model and methods were applied for the cost–benefit evaluation of a decentralized water reclamation and reuse project in a newly developed residential area in Xi'an, China. The system with dual-pipe collection and grey water treatment and reuse was found to be economically ineligible (NBV > 0) when all the treated water is reused for artificial pond replenishment, gardening and other non-potable purposes by taking into account the benefit of water saving. As environmental benefits are further considered, the economic advantage of the project is more significant.

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Approaches and Application of Comparative Risk Assessment Concepts to Oil Spill Preparedness Planning and Response

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-59 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2003 (1) ◽

pp. 59-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Igor Linkov ◽

Jim R. Clark

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Environmental Policies ◽

Comparative Risk Assessment ◽

Preparedness Planning ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

Comparative Risk ◽

The Cost

ABSTRACT Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) is emerging as a methodology that may be applied to facilitate decision-making when various possible activities compete for limited resources. The CRA framework may be an especially valuable tool for prioritization of remediation efforts and for making choices among various environmental policies specific to oil industry operations. This paper will show that CRA is an efficient and cost-saving tool that assists in developing oil spill response priorities based on the broadest possible range of concerns and issues important to all stakeholders. In addition, the CRA approach allows the cost/benefit evaluation of alternative environmental policies and strategies relative to the baseline risks and disruptions associated with oil spills (as well as other costs and benefits of petroleum use).

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The Evaluation of a Hostel Ward

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.151.6.805 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 151 (6) ◽

pp. 805-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

C. Hyde ◽

K. Bridges ◽

D. Goldberg ◽

K. Lowson ◽

C. Sterling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

District General Hospital ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

Skills Use ◽

The Cost

A controlled modified cost-benefit evaluation of a hostel ward caring for new long-stay patients is described and results are presented for the first two years. In some respects the residents of the hostel ward had fewer psychotic impairments than those remaining on the wards of the district general hospital, mainly because the latter seem to continue to acquire such defects, while the former have remained relatively unchanged. The hostel ward residents also develop superior domestic skills, use more facilities in the community, and are more likely to be engaged in constructive activities than controls. These advantages were not purchased at a price, since the cost of providing this form of care for these patients has cost less than care provided by the district general hospital.

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The cost-benefit evaluation of R. & D. activities Haywood JJ (1973) MSc thesis, University Library, The City University, Basinghall Street, London EC2V 5AH, England

Omega ◽

10.1016/0305-0483(74)90039-5 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 430-432

Author(s):

R Flavell

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit ◽

University Library ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

The Cost ◽

The City

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The Economic Consequences of not Treating Depression

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/s0007125000293379 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 166 (S27) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Agnes Rupp

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Financial Resources ◽

Access To Treatment ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

The Cost

Background. A conceptual framework Is described for a broad cost–benefit evaluation of improved financial access to treatment of untreated affective disorders.Method. The analysis provides an estimate of the value of resources needed to provide improved access to treatment, and it compares these resources to the value of resources the improved access to treatment might save.Results. The cost–benefit analyses based on recent cost of mental illness studies provide some evidence that appropriately treating people with untreated affective disorders is cost-beneficial.Conclusion. Patients, providers and buyers of health care should be further encouraged to pay more attention and to commit more financial resources to the treatment of affective disorders.

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Telerehabilitation Solution Conceptual Paper for Community-Based Rehabilitation of Patients Discharged after Critical Illness

International Journal of Telerehabilitation ◽

10.5195/ijt.2016.6205 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Aphrodite Tsavourelou ◽

Nikolas Stylianides ◽

Andreas Papadopoulos ◽

Marios D. Dikaiakos ◽

Serafeim Nanas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Exercise Programs ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Exercise Rehabilitation ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Supervised Exercise ◽

Community Based Rehabilitation ◽

Service Oriented ◽

The Cost

A novel service oriented platform has been developed under the framework of the Telerehabilitation Service funded by the Cross Border Cooperation Programme Greece Cyprus 2007 – 2013 to support tele-supervised exercise rehabilitation for patients after hospitalization in intensive care units (ICU). The platform enables multiparty, interregional bidirectional audio/visual communication between clinical practitioners and post-ICU patients. It also enables patient group-based vital sign real time monitoring, patients’ clinical record bookkeeping, and individualized and group-based patient online exercise programs. The exercise programs intended for the service are based on successful cardiorespiratory rehabilitation programs, individualized and monitored by a multidisciplinary team. The eligibility study of former ICU patients to participate in such a service as well as a cost benefit analysis are presented to support the cost effectiveness of the telerehabilitation program in addition to the expected health benefits to a large proportion of former ICU patients.

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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Drinking Water Fluoridation in 12-year-old Children in the Biobío Region, Chile.

Journal Of Oral Research ◽

10.17126/joralres.2021.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Camilo Ulloa ◽

◽

Catherine de la Puente ◽

Fernando Rojas ◽

Sofía Irigoyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Indirect Costs ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Water Fluoridation ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Alternative Interventions ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

The Cost

Fluoridation has been shown to be an effective measure against caries in children. The present study evaluates the cost-benefit of the fluoridated water program for the reduction of dental caries in 12-year-old children in the Biobío Region, the only region in Chile that has not implemented this program. An economic cost-benefit evaluation was carried out, comparing two alternative interventions: non-fluoridated drinking water versus fluoridated drinking water. The prevalence of caries, direct and indirect costs of the treatments, the cost of implementing the programs and the benefits of both interventions were estimated. From this study it is concluded that the savings in oral health costs in 12-year-old children when using fluoridating drinking water in the Biobío region is significantly higher than the cost involved in implementing the water fluoridation program, resulting in total savings for the Chilean state of $129,861,645 (USD$ 152,833) as well as an estimated reduction of 15% in the history of caries in the study population

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Differential Contribution of Dopaminergic Transmission at D1- and D2-like Receptors to Cost/Benefit Evaluation for Motivation in Monkeys

10.1101/2020.11.27.400911 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yukiko Hori ◽

Yuji Nagai ◽

Koki Mimura ◽

Tetsuya Suhara ◽

Makoto Higuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Trade Off ◽

Dopaminergic Transmission ◽

R And D ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Reward Amount ◽

Fundamental Insight ◽

The Cost

AbstractIt has been widely accepted that dopamine (DA) plays a major role in motivation, yet the specific contribution of DA signaling at D1-like receptor (D1R) and D2-like receptor (D2R) to cost-benefit trade-off remains unclear. Here, by combining pharmacological manipulation of DA receptors (DARs) and positron emission tomography imaging, we assessed the relationship between the degree of D1R/D2R blockade and changes in benefit- and cost-based motivation for goal-directed behavior of macaque monkeys. We found that the degree of blockade of either D1R or D2R was associated with a reduction of relative incentive effect of reward amount, where D2R blockade had a stronger effect. Workload-discounting was selectively increased by D2R antagonism, whereas delay-discounting was similarly increased after D1R and D2R blockades. These results provide fundamental insight into the specific actions of DARs in the regulation of the cost/benefit trade-off and important implications for motivational alterations in both neurological and psychiatric disorders.

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