Concurrent low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with/without physical activity does not improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetics

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that can result in micro- and macrovascular complications and is complicated by an impaired healing process. Research suggests that both dietary factors and habitual physical activity influence the hemostatic system through several pathways. Objectives: The study attempted to investigate if a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHFD), on its own or in conjunction with physical activity, could alter hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Participants (n = 39; 31 - 71 y.) were assigned into three groups, which included either a 16 week continuous physical activity program with the consumption of an LCHFD (ExDG) (n = 13; 41 - 71 y), consuming only a LCHFD group (DietG) (n = 13; 31 - 71 y.), or a control group (ConG) (n = 13; 44 - 69 y). Participants in the ExDG were advised only to consume a diet high in fat and not consume more than 50 g of carbohydrates per day. Furthermore, participants had to walk a minimum of 10000 steps per day. The DietG were instructed to only consume a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates, where the ConG continued with their normal daily routine. Results: No significant changes (P > 0.05) were observed in white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelets, red blood cell distribution width, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and C-reactive protein following ExDG, DietG or in the ConG. Conclusions: A LCHFD on its own or in conjunction with physical activity does not have any effect on the measured hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. This may be due to the current popular recommendation of LCHFD not being useful in type 2 diabetics and 10000 steps being of insufficient intensity to improve hematologic parameters in type 2 diabetics.

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Establishing a proof of concept for the effects of low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHFD) and physical activity on body composition in type 2 diabetes

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. e06266

Author(s):

Gerrit J. Breukelman ◽

Albertus K. Basson ◽

Trayana G. Djarova ◽

Brandon S. Shaw ◽

Cornelia J. du Preez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Composition ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Carbohydrate

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A Low-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet Improves Glucoregulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Reducing Postabsorptive Glycogenolysis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2004-1041 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 89 (12) ◽

pp. 6193-6197 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Gideon Allick ◽

Peter H. Bisschop ◽

Mariette T. Ackermans ◽

Erik Endert ◽

Alfred J. Meijer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Carbohydrate

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Association of high carbohydrate versus high fat diet with glycated hemoglobin in high calorie consuming type 2 diabetics

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders ◽

10.1186/2251-6581-12-27 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zhaleh Shadman ◽

Mohsen Khoshniat ◽

Nooshin Poorsoltan ◽

Mahdieh Akhoundan ◽

Maryam Omidvar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

High Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

High Calorie

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Assessment of Factors affecting Glycaemic Control among Adult Diabetics: Optimizing Care for Diabetic Patients

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.191 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 33-45

Author(s):

AN Akwaras ◽

JO Abah ◽

OE Omokhua ◽

MN Ocheifa ◽

A Atabo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Good Glycaemic Control ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Average Monthly Income

Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge. The aim of management of these patients is to achieve good glycaemic control thereby preventing complications and improving their quality of life. Elucidation of factors that will improve glycaemic control is therefore important. This study aimed to assess the factors that affect glycaemic control among type 2 diabetics (T2DM) attending the General Out-Patient Clinic (GOPC) of the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi. This was a cross-sectional study of 359 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above who had been on treatment for at least three months. Informed consent was obtained. Data was collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18. There were 180 males (50.1 %) and 179 females (49.9 %). The mean age of the patients was 56.05 ± 10.32 years. The proportion of those with good glycaemic control was 58%. The respondents' age, level of education, occupation, ethnicity, religion and average monthly income had statistically significant association with glycaemic control. Adequate physical activity was an independent predictor of good glycaemic control. More effort should be made on counselling type 2 diabetics on the importance of adequate physical activity.

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Following a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to Reduced Calorie, High Carbohydrate Diet as a Nutritional Intervention in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review

Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.5296/jfs.v9i1.17045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Joy Lewis ◽

Kevin Haubrick

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Carbohydrate

There is evidence supporting individuals with type 2 diabetes benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes following a low carbohydrate, high fat eating pattern is more effective than following a reduced caloric, high carbohydrate eating pattern in the improvement of diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. A literature search was conducted on peer-reviewed research trials registered in PubMed, from January 2007 to September 2019 using combinations of the search terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 AND Diet, Ketogenic; OR Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted. The literature was analyzed in chronological order; grouping in four year increments from 2007 to 2019. The thirty-six articles reviewed provide evidence to support the use of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with type 2 diabetes versus a reduced caloric diet. This systematic review highlighted diabetic (HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular biomarkers (HDL) of type 2 diabetic patients improve significantly when following a low-carbohydrate, high fat diet versus a reduced calorie, high carbohydrate intake.

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