Association of high carbohydrate versus high fat diet with glycated hemoglobin in high calorie consuming type 2 diabetics

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that can result in micro- and macrovascular complications and is complicated by an impaired healing process. Research suggests that both dietary factors and habitual physical activity influence the hemostatic system through several pathways. Objectives: The study attempted to investigate if a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHFD), on its own or in conjunction with physical activity, could alter hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Participants (n = 39; 31 - 71 y.) were assigned into three groups, which included either a 16 week continuous physical activity program with the consumption of an LCHFD (ExDG) (n = 13; 41 - 71 y), consuming only a LCHFD group (DietG) (n = 13; 31 - 71 y.), or a control group (ConG) (n = 13; 44 - 69 y). Participants in the ExDG were advised only to consume a diet high in fat and not consume more than 50 g of carbohydrates per day. Furthermore, participants had to walk a minimum of 10000 steps per day. The DietG were instructed to only consume a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates, where the ConG continued with their normal daily routine. Results: No significant changes (P > 0.05) were observed in white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelets, red blood cell distribution width, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and C-reactive protein following ExDG, DietG or in the ConG. Conclusions: A LCHFD on its own or in conjunction with physical activity does not have any effect on the measured hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. This may be due to the current popular recommendation of LCHFD not being useful in type 2 diabetics and 10000 steps being of insufficient intensity to improve hematologic parameters in type 2 diabetics.

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Following a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to Reduced Calorie, High Carbohydrate Diet as a Nutritional Intervention in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review

Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.5296/jfs.v9i1.17045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Joy Lewis ◽

Kevin Haubrick

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Carbohydrate

There is evidence supporting individuals with type 2 diabetes benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes following a low carbohydrate, high fat eating pattern is more effective than following a reduced caloric, high carbohydrate eating pattern in the improvement of diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. A literature search was conducted on peer-reviewed research trials registered in PubMed, from January 2007 to September 2019 using combinations of the search terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 AND Diet, Ketogenic; OR Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted. The literature was analyzed in chronological order; grouping in four year increments from 2007 to 2019. The thirty-six articles reviewed provide evidence to support the use of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with type 2 diabetes versus a reduced caloric diet. This systematic review highlighted diabetic (HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular biomarkers (HDL) of type 2 diabetic patients improve significantly when following a low-carbohydrate, high fat diet versus a reduced calorie, high carbohydrate intake.

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723-P: Effect of Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat vs. High-Carbohydrate Low-Fat Diet on HbA1c Control in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-723-p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 723-P

Author(s):

LINGWANG AN ◽

DANDAN WANG ◽

XIAORONG SHI ◽

CHENHUI LIU ◽

KUEICHUN YEH ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Fat Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Hba1c Control

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Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol and Vitamin C on Type 2 Diabetic Rats Induced by Low Dose Streptozotocin Following High Fat Diet

Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition ◽

10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.2.167 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 167-173

Author(s):

Byoung-Rai Lee ◽

Hoon Yang ◽

Pyoung-Sim Park

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Green Tea ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Low Dose ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Tea Polyphenol ◽

High Fat ◽

Green Tea Polyphenol ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Characterizing the Retinal Phenotype in the High-Fat Diet and Western Diet Mouse Models of Prediabetes

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9020464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 464 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bright Asare-Bediako ◽

Sunil Noothi ◽

Sergio Li Calzi ◽

Baskaran Athmanathan ◽

Cristiano Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fundus Photography ◽

Vascular Density ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

High Fat ◽

Permeability Studies ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Acellular Capillaries

We sought to delineate the retinal features associated with the high-fat diet (HFD) mouse, a widely used model of obesity. C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat (60% fat; HFD) or low-fat (10% fat; LFD) diet for up to 12 months. The effect of HFD on body weight and insulin resistance were measured. The retina was assessed by electroretinogram (ERG), fundus photography, permeability studies, and trypsin digests for enumeration of acellular capillaries. The HFD cohort experienced hypercholesterolemia when compared to the LFD cohort, but not hyperglycemia. HFD mice developed a higher body weight (60.33 g vs. 30.17g, p < 0.0001) as well as a reduced insulin sensitivity index (9.418 vs. 62.01, p = 0.0002) compared to LFD controls. At 6 months, retinal functional testing demonstrated a reduction in a-wave and b-wave amplitudes. At 12 months, mice on HFD showed evidence of increased retinal nerve infarcts and vascular leakage, reduced vascular density, but no increase in number of acellular capillaries compared to LFD mice. In conclusion, the HFD mouse is a useful model for examining the effect of prediabetes and hypercholesterolemia on the retina. The HFD-induced changes appear to occur slower than those observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D) models but are consistent with other retinopathy models, showing neural damage prior to vascular changes.

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