Effects of water and temperature stresses on radiation use efficiency in a semi-arid grassland

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tserenpurev Bat-Oyun ◽  
Masato Shinoda ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Índices Morfofisiológicos e Uso de Radiação Solar por um Cultivo de Cana-de-Açúcar Irrigada no Semiárido Brasileiro (Morphophysiological Indices and Radiation Use by an Irrigated Sugarcane Crop in the Brazilian Semi-Arid)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 764
Author(s):  
Thieres George Freire da Silva ◽  
Magna Soelma Beserra de Moura ◽  
Sérgio Zolnier ◽  
Luciana Sandra Bastos de Souza ◽  
José Francisco Alves do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Photosynthetic Active Radiation ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use ◽  
Semi Arid

Os índices morfofisiológicos e parâmetros de eficiência do uso de radiação foram determinados para a cana-de-açúcar irrigada, RB92579. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Juazeiro-BA, Semiárido brasileiro. Foram obtidas medições de biomassa seca acumulada pelas folhas, colmos e total da parte aérea, e do índice de área foliar. Adicionalmente, dados de radiação solar global e de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa foram medidos acima e abaixo do dossel da cultura. Por meio desses dados foram calculados os índices morfofisiológicos, a fração da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (fRFA), o coeficiente de extinção (ke), o uso eficiente de radiação (UER) e a eficiência fotossintética (EFT). A taxa de crescimento absoluto aumentou substancialmente até atingir o valor máximo de 41,8 g m-2 d-1 aos 200 dias após o corte (DAC). O valor máximo de fRFA foi em torno de 99%, permanecendo constante dos 213 DAC até o final do ciclo. A magnitude do parâmetro ke foi 0,72. Baseado nas medições do BSTPA verificou-se que os valores aproximados de EFT e UER foram 2,67 g MJ-1 e 1,29 g MJ-1, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que a cana-de-açúcar irrigada no Semiárido brasileiro possui padrões de crescimento superiores aos de outros ambientes de cultivo registrados na literatura.  A B S T R A C T The morphphysiological indices and parameters of radiation use efficiency were determined for irrigated sugarcane, RB92579 cultivar. The experiment was carried out in the district of Juazeiro, State of the Bahia, located in the Brazilian semi-arid. Measurements of dry biomass accumulated by leaves, stalk and total shoot, and leaf area index (LAI) were carried out. Additionally, global solar radiation and photosynthetic active radiation were measured above and below the crop canopy. Using these data, morphphysiological indices, the photosynthetic active radiation fraction (fPAR), the extinction coefficient (ke), the radiation efficient use (REU) and the photosynthetic efficiency (PTE) were calculated. The absolute growth rate tended to increase substantially until reaching the maximum value of 41.8 g m-2 d-1, which was observed 200 days after cutting (DAC). The maximum value of the fPAR was around 99%, remaining constant from 213 DAC until the end of the crop cycle. The magnitude of the ke parameter was 0.72. Based on measurements of DBTS, it was verified that the approximate values of the PTE and REU were 2.67 g MJ-1 and 1.29 g MJ-1, respectively. Results showed that the irrigated sugarcane has excellent growth patterns when cultivated under semi-arid conditions when compared to others environments cited in literature. Keywords: growth, extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency.  

scholarly journals Quantification of Radiation Use Efficiency and Yield of Wheat as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen and Water Stress under Semi-Arid Conditions of Faisalabad

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (07) ◽  
pp. 873-887
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishfaq ◽  
Usman Zulfiqar ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
Ch Basit Mustafa ◽  
Ali Hamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY, ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS ACCUMULATION, CANOPY DEVELOPMENT, LEAF AREA-LIGHT INTERCEPTION PROFILES AND RADIATION INTERCEPTION OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) AS INFLUENCED BY IRRIGATION REGIMEN / INFLUENCIA DEL RÉGIMEN DE IRRIGACIÓN SOBRE LA EFICACIA DEL USO DE LA RADIACIÓN, LA ACUMULACIÓN DE BIOMASA, EL DESAROROLLO DEL CANOPEO, EL ÁREA DE LA HOJA Y LOS PERFILES DE INTERCEPCIÓN DE LUZ Y DE RADIACIÓN EN GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / EFFICACITÉ DE L’UTILISATION DES RADIATIONS SOLAIRES, ACCUMULATION DE LA BIOMASSE DANS LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE, DÉVELOPPEMENT DE L’OMBRELLE, PROFILS D’INTERCEPTION DE LA LUMIÈRE PAR LA FEUILLE ET INTERCEPTION DES RADIATIONS SOLAIRES CHEZ LE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.) SOUS L’INFLUENCE D’UN RÉGIME D’IRRIGATION

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sridhara ◽  
T.G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted at Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore to study the effect of irrigation regimens on the biomass accumulation, canopy development, light interception and radiation use efficiency of sunflower. The treatments includes irrigating the plants at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 cumulative pan evaporation. The results indicated that the aboveground biomass, canopy development, radiation interception and radiation use efficiency were influenced favorably by the irrigation regimens. Irrespective of the irrigation regimen, the radiation use efficiency of sunflower increased from 15 DAS to 75 DAS and then tended to decline. The decrease in RUE after anthesis is coupled with decrease in leaf nitrogen content. In general the RUE of sunflower ranged from 0.49 g MJ-1 to 1.84 g MJ-1 at different growth stages. The light transmission within the canopy increased exponentially with plant height and the canopy extension coefficient is found to be 0.8.

scholarly journals Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Transmitted PAR under High-Density and Super High-Density Olive Orchards

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Adolfo Rosati ◽  
Damiano Marchionni ◽  
Dario Mantovani ◽  
Luigi Ponti ◽  
Franco Famiani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Density ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Radiation Use

We quantified the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in a high-density (HD) and a super high-density (SHD) or hedgerow olive system, by measuring the PAR transmitted under the canopy along transects at increasing distance from the tree rows. Transmitted PAR was measured every minute, then cumulated over the day and the season. The frequencies of the different PAR levels occurring during the day were calculated. SHD intercepted significantly but slightly less overall PAR than HD (0.57 ± 0.002 vs. 0.62 ± 0.03 of the PAR incident above the canopy) but had a much greater spatial variability of transmitted PAR (0.21 under the tree row, up to 0.59 in the alley center), compared to HD (range: 0.34–0.43). This corresponded to greater variability in the frequencies of daily PAR values, with the more shaded positions receiving greater frequencies of low PAR values. The much lower PAR level under the tree row in SHD, compared to any position in HD, implies greater self-shading in lower-canopy layers, despite similar overall interception. Therefore, knowing overall PAR interception does not allow an understanding of differences in PAR distribution on the ground and within the canopy and their possible effects on canopy radiation use efficiency (RUE) and performance, between different architectural systems.

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