Seeking laboratory investigations by diabetic patients during COVID-19 lockdown of Eastern Nepal

Background: No previous study was done to estimate the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy (DN) in Arabic countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of DN and its characteristics in Qena governorate. Material and Methods: This is a random sampling of 10 study areas, involving 9,303 inhabitants; 51.1% men and 48.9% women were recruited. There were 57.3% urban residents and 42.7% rural residents. Patients were diagnosed using a screening questionnaire for diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as for DN in addition to measuring blood sugar in suspected cases. All positive cases were referred to Qena University Hospital and were subjected to full clinical, electrophysiological and laboratory investigations. Results: Out of 9,303 people screened, 837 were diabetic giving prevalence 8.99% of the population. Eight hundred eleven had type II DM and 26 cases had type I giving prevalence of 8.7 and 0.3%, respectively. One hundred fifty-five out of 837 (18.5%) diabetic patients had evidence of DN with prevalence rate being 1.7% of the total population. Diabetic polyneuropathy was the commonest type with prevalence 1.5%. The prevalence of DN was higher in women than in men. Rural residents had significantly higher prevalence of DN compared to urban residents (1.9 vs. 1.4) and illiterate population more than educated (5.8 vs. 1.2). Conclusion: The overall crude prevalence rate of DM and DN is nearly the same as in European countries and lower than that in other Arabic countries.

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Clinical Evaluation of Shilajatu in Madhumeha

International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine ◽

10.47552/ijam.v6i1.515 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Neha Lamba ◽

Piyush Chaudhary ◽

Sharma Y K

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Symptomatic Relief ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Laboratory Investigations ◽

Urine Sugar

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly because of changes in dietetic habits and life style. Continuous research is being done by scientists of various fields in order to achieve an effective cure of the disease. A great deal of work has also been done by Ayurvedic research scholars on various herbal and mineral drugs to find an effective treatment for Prameha. Shilajatu is one such drug which has been described for the management of Prameha in Ayurveda texts. The present study was conducted to clinically assess the efficacy of Shilajatu in the management of Prameha. Twenty two diabetic patients were selected for the study. The results were assessed in terms of symptomatic relief on the basis of scoring system, laboratory investigations including fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose, glycosylated Hb, urine sugar, and a Questionnaire on Quality of Life. Statistically highly significant improvement (p <0.001) was observed on FBS and PPBS. Â Statistically significant improvement was observed on urine sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin with p <0.05 and p<0.01 respectively. In terms of subjective parameters also, highly significant improvement, with p <0.001 was observed in Shaithilya, Mukha Sosha, Sandhi Shoola, Prabhuta Mutrata, Pipasa and Kshudha. Highly significant improvement was observed in quality of life statistically with p <0.001. The study revealed that Shilajatu can be used as a drug in the management of Prameha.

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Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120102 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 682-683

Author(s):

Bruce R. Pachter

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Sudden Onset ◽

Extraocular Muscles ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Oculomotor Palsy ◽

Third Nerve Palsy ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Intramuscular Nerve ◽

Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

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A Comparison Between Sterological Point Counting and Digitizing Tablets

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120023 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 666-667

Author(s):

John M. Basgen ◽

Eileen N. Ellis ◽

S. Michael Mauer ◽

Michael W. Steffes

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Volume Density ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Normal Kidney ◽

Point Counting ◽

Normal Kidney Tissue ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Mitochondrial Volume ◽

Kidney Lesions

To determine the efficiency of methods of quantitation of the volume density of components within kidney biopsies, techniques involving a semi-automatic digitizing tablet and stereological point counting were compared.Volume density (Vv) is a parameter reflecting the volume of a component to the volume that contains the component, e.g., the fraction of cell volume that is made up of mitochondrial volume. The units of Vv are μm3 /μm3.Kidney biopsies from 15 patients were used. Five were donor biopsies performed at the time of kidney transplantation (patients 1-5, TABLE 1) and were considered normal kidney tissue. The remaining biopsies were obtained from diabetic patients with a spectrum of diabetic kidney lesions. The biopsy specimens were fixed and embedded according to routine electron microscogy protocols. Three glomeruli from each patient were selected randomly for electron microscopy. An average of 12 unbiased and systematic micrographs were obtained from each glomerulus and printed at a final magnification of x18,000.

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