Molecular docking studies of potential anticancer agents from Thunbergia Fragrans against Colorectal cancer mutant genes through In silico study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadly diseases which incidence rate will increase every year due to people lifestyle and food habit etc., Moreover, people’s required a new therapeutic molecule to resolve this problem. Therefore plant-based chemical constituents are the best option due to the low side effects, easy availability and cost-effective manner. The flowering plant of Thunbergia fragrans Roxb belongs to the Acanthaceae family has a vast range of medicinal properties, anticancer activity is one among them. Thunbergia fragrans has reported to had chemical constituents of Palmitic acid, Cis-9-Hexadecenal and Campesterol which possess anticancer activity. For the beginning of TF chemical constituents were studied against the Colorectal cancer (CRC) mutant genes such as NRAS (PDB ID: 6ZIZ), Beta-Catenin (PDB ID: 6M93) – Oncogenes; APC (PDB ID: 3NMX), Smad2 (PDB ID: 1KHU) – Tumor Suppressor genes through insilico docking studies. AutoDock 4.2 tool was used to predict the interaction between ligand and receptor, Binding energy and Bond specification in a 3D space. Finally, the results revealed TF chemical constituents showed excellent binding energy against CRC mutant genes such as Palmitic acid against Beta-Catenin (-4.75) and APC (-4.01), Cis-9-Hexadecenal against NRAS (-1.92), Beta-Catenin (-3.96) and APC (-4.41), Campesterol against Beta-Catenin (-8.55) and APC (-8.85) respectively.

An obesrvational study to compare bala in Adana and visarga kaala with respect to physiological parameters

Introduction - Ayurveda gives utmost importance to the maintenance of positive health. Health and longevity in turn depends on bala or inherent strength of the individual. Bala is different in different seasons. Bala is examined as the capacity to do exercise, which is indicative of physical power of an individual. If the reflection of variation of bala on the basis of hematological parameters is identified, then it will provide many possibilities to modify the diet and lifestyle of healthy individuals in order to maintain health in all seasons. This work is a humble effort to analyze the seasonal variations in bala with respect to physiological objective parameters in the settings of Govt. Ayurveda medical college, Kannur, Kerala, India. Methods - In this study 30 healthy individuals between the age group of 20-30 were selected having similar vyayamasakthi- ie, based on the time taken to attain ardhasakthi lakshanas in treadmill test. First assessment was done in adanakaala. Their basic details, dasavidha pareeksha were taken before treadmill test. After 3 days of treadmill test, blood investigations were analyzed. The same procedure was done in visarga kaala also.Results - On the basis of analysis, the bala assessed by vyayamasakthi in visarga kaala was increased than adana kaala. Hemoglobin and HDL cholesterol were increased and serum calcium was decreased in visarga kaala. Considering vital parameters, increase in pulse rate, heart rate, systolic and diastolic BP was noticed in visarga kaala; all within physiological limits. Discussion – Bala was decreased in adana kaala due to the intensity of sunrays and intense dry wind. It causes decreased time to attain the ardhasakthi lakshana. Sweat occurs early. The bala was higher in visarga kaala compared to adaana kaala.

Role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in the management of Aphthous ulcer: A review study

Mukhapaka (Stomatitis) is a common ailment seen in general practice. The Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer) is fully described in Ayurveda under the term Mukha rogas. Oral ulcers are estimated to impact 4% of the global population, with aphthous ulcers being the most frequent, affecting up to 25% of the global population. Psychological stress, hormonal impacts, dietary sensitivity, and nutritional insufficiency are the primary causes of Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer). It is a painful and frequently recurring inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa that can develop as a result of several well-defined disease processes. As a result, Gandusha is described as one of the key therapies in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for both preventing and treating oral cavity illnesses. Triphala (tri means three and phala means fruits) is an Ayurvedic preparation made up of three equal parts of Indian subcontinent herbal fruits: Terminalia belerica, Phyllanthus emblica, and Terminalia chebula. Triphala includes powerful antioxidants as well as other bioactive substances such as flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, amino acids, fatty acids, and different carbohydrates. As a result, it promotes the maintenance and promotion of oral hygiene by exerting a cleansing activity and strengthening the defence mechanism in the oral cavity. An attempt is made in this regard to discuss the role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in Pittaja Mukhapaka.

Screening of Chloroform and Methanolic Bark Extracts of Commiphora caudata for its In-vitro Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal and In-vivo Anti-inflammatory Activity

Herbal medicines and their preparations have been widely used from the thousands of years in developing and developed countries in the primary health care of society and community. They have great demand due its safety, efficacy with minimum side or adverse effects. Commiphora caudata. It’s known as konda mava in kannada, ikkata in Sanskrit and hill mango in English. It’s widely used in the management of various disorders. Hence the identification of bioactive fractions from various parts of selected medicinal plant is important. In the present research work an attempt has been made to screen and assess the antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of Commiphora caudata barks. The barks of selected plant material were collected, authenticated, powdered and subjected for extraction procedure. The extracts were screened for presence of various phytoconstituents. The antibacterial activity of chloroform and methanolic extracts were performed against various strains of bacteria and fungi. The extracts also were investigated for its in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The result of investigation concludes that chloroform and methanolic extract of plant were potential to inhibit the growth of selected strains of microorganism and also produced potential anti-inflammatory effect.

Management of obesity with integrated Ayurveda and Yoga intervention: A case report

Obesity is the disease of nutritional deficiency which leads to abnormal growth of adipose tissue resulting in an increase in the body weight to the extent of 20% or more of standard weight for the person’s age, sex, and height. Obesity is one side of the double burden of malnutrition, and today more people are obese than underweight. In Ayurveda Obesity is classified under santarpanjanya rogas and ashtaninditiya purusha by Acharya Charaka. Ayurveda attributes concept of Dosha, dhatus and Mala in which any vikriti in any of dhatus, pramanatah or gunatah then it firmly affects both body and mind. Yoga and Ayurveda both spring as a greater part of spiritual and mental aspect of treatment. Considering all these factors this study is carried out to understand cause, cause effect relationship as well as treatment. In this case study patient was treated with Udwarthana, Shodhana and Shamana chikitsa, also advised Ahara (scheduled diet) and Vihara (life style modification) for the management of obesity. This showed a significant change in anthropometric measurement.

Chemical Standards and HPTLC Finger Print Profiles of a Siddha Polyherbal Formulation - Kadukkai Legiyam

To study physico-chemical, phytochemical and high performance thin layer chromatography of a Siddha drug “Kadukkai Legiyam” (KL). The prepared Kadukkai Legiyam (KL) was prepared as per the standard operating procedures mentioned in literature. Then the drug was subjected to physicochemical parameters, phytochemical screening, thin layer chromatographic photo documentation (TLC), high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) finger print profile of hexane, chloroform, ethanol and hydro alcohol (1:1) extracts. Different extracts of the drug showed distinct TLC and HPTLC finger print patterns which will be unique to this drug. This study giving information about physiochemical and phytochemical analysis and HPTLC fingerprint profile of different extracts, the integration spectrum which will useful in standardizing the raw drugs and future comparison studies.

Efficacy of Nyagrodh Twak Lepa in Honey bee sting: In-vivo study

Introduction- As Acharya Charaka has explained the local application of Kshirivruksha Twak to cure all types of keeta visha, hence Nyagrodh (Ficus benghalensis L.) Twak Lepa with water as base is selected as Trial drug on Apis Cerana Indica bee sting poisoning. Material and Methods- An in-vivo study on albino mice to know the efficacy of trial drug has been planned after animal ethical clearance. 18 albino mice were prorated into three groups with 6 animals in each group viz. Control group, Trial drug (Nyagrodh Twak Lepa Churna) group and Standard drug (Beclomethasone Dipropionate 0.025% w/w) group. 6 stings were given to each mice and 3 stings were removed after sting operation. All mice were observed for allergic reactions viz. erythema, scaling, fissures, oedema and mortality for a period of 7 days. Histo-pathological changes were also noted after completion of study. Statistical analysis was done using Paired t test. Results- Results revealed that Trial drug had worked more efficiently on Erythema and Oedema while Standard drug worked more efficiently on Scaling and Fissure. Histo-pathology showed that wound healed with Nyagrodh twak lepa and Standard drug have shown almost similar changes while wound in control group showed extensive areas of necrosis. Conclusion- Present study suggests that both Nyagrodh and Beclomethasone can be used in Honey bee sting poisoning but as Nyagrodh being a religious tree can be easily identified by a common man, it can be employed as preliminary treatment for the same before reaching hospital.

Anti – Microbial effect of three essential oils in treating Upper respiratory tract Infection via vapours generated by Pressurized steam chamber (PSC)

Disinfection tunnel (DT) or sanitization tunnel used for disinfecting the persons by spraying with appropriately atomized virucide spray, Direct inhalation or spraying of disinfectants on people with chemical element and different toxicant chemicals may lead to eye and skin irritation and cause numerous allergic disorders. So this obstacle was overcome by Ideal flow control private limited by designing the Pressurized Steam Chamber (PSC) in which Natural oils was mixed in an emulsifier solution, and induced along with steam through multiple nozzles within the chamber, so that persons could get disinfected the entire body. Anti-microbial efficacy of our three essentials oils were determined by standard method, ISO 4833-1:2013 by collecting sample through walk in/walk out chamber protocol. Our present study report of MSME (ministry of micro, small and medium enterprises) and SGS Chennai, reveals that in phytotherapeutic oils initial microbial load are found to be <1 CFU / mL, in emulsifier and in formulation (water + emulsifier + natural oils) the presence of bacterial colonies found to be 470000 CFU / mL and 20000000 CFU / mL whereas, the distillate collected from essential oils at 65̊ c shows the absence of microbial load. Further swab analysis report of 8 individuals states that samples (hand swab and surface swab) collected for the estimation of Total plate Count showed that there is a reduction in microbial load when exposed to the Steam generated by Pressurized Steam Chamber (PSC) at both the time intervals, 20 and 40 seconds. These findings confirm that three essential phytotherapeutic oils combined with steam have some potent activity against emerging disease.

Modification of Kakubhadi Churna into malahara and its physicochemical analysis

Samskara is the process of modification of Guna of a given substance which is responsible for conversion of a raw material into medicine. These Samskara are responsible for the change in quality and property of any medicine. Primary preparations of Bhaisajya Kalpana known as Panchavidha kashaya Kalpana are modified into secondary dosage forms like Vati, Avaleha, Malahara, Sneha kalpana etc in order to achieve better shelf life, easy administration and palatability. Churna kalpana is an Upkalapana of Kalka kalpana, it is mentioned to be used in many disease conditions. One among these is Kakubhadi churna, which is indicated to be sprinkled externally on Dushta Vrana. As this method of application is cumbersome and not patient friendly, an attempt has been made to modify Kakubhadi churna into Malahara. Malahara is similar to ointments and creams in modern pharmaceutics. When compared to Churna, it has as an extended shelf life and also drugs in the form of Malahara are easy to apply and store. Taking all this under consideration, present study was taken up to modify Kakubhadi churna into Malahara. Physico chemical analysis of prepared Churna and Malahara was also done to achieve preliminary standard.

Critical study of Haritakyadi Yoga in Mutrakricchra (Urinary Tract Infection) - A Review

Urinary tract infections (UTI), the second most common type of infection. It is one of the most serious health problem affecting millions of people each year. UTI have been considered a risk factor for the development of end stage renal diseases in children. It is of greatest concern as recurrent infection of UTI can threat to the normal course of growth and development of children. The term Mutrakricchra comes under the disorders of Mutravaha Strotas. ‘Dukhen mutra pravritti’ (Difficulty while micturition-disurea) is cardinal symptom of Mutrakricchra vyadhi. Due to nidana sevana, doshas gets vitiated by their own causes and they enters in basti (Urinary bladder) and produce srotorodha, sankocha and kshobha at mutra marga which further causes Basti pradesh shotha and produce pain and difficulty while passing urine. Ayurveda has significant remedy in the management of Mutrakricchra. Haritakyadi yoga is one of the Ayurvedic formulation used in treatment of Mutrakricchra by means of Shamana chikitsa. Conclusion: Effect of ‘Haritakyadi Yoga’ was seems to be significant in reducing symptoms of Mutrakricchra as well as decreases possibility of drug resistance and recurrence of UTI.