On the application of a concentric zone model (CZM) for classifying and extracting urban boundaries using night-time stable light data in Urumqi of Xinjiang, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1033-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Ju ◽  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Qing He
Keyword(s):  
Zone Model ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Concentric Zone

Suburban Neighborhood Poverty in U.S. Metropolitan Areas in 2000

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Holliday ◽  
Rachel E. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Central City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Neighborhood Poverty ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Racial Profile ◽  
Suburban Poverty ◽  
Census 2000 ◽  
Concentric Zone ◽  
Place Stratification

Suburban areas have become more diverse and stratified in the United States, with a particularly striking increase in poverty, challenging theories that conceptualize poverty predominantly as a central city phenomenon. Little scholarly work has examined suburban poverty, however, and the small existing literature focuses primarily on inner–ring suburbs in the Northeast and Midwest and relies too much on the concentric zone model of metropolitan development. We use Census 2000 summary data to examine the prevalence and form, characteristics, and determinants of suburban poverty at the neighborhood and metropolitan levels across the entire country. We draw on more sophisticated ecological and place stratification perspectives and argue that suburban poverty manifests in more varied forms than the typical model and diverges in crucial respects from central city poverty. Our results identify a particularly distinctive racial profile for suburban poverty, associated especially with Hispanic residential location, with implications for trends in racial segregation as well.

A New Look at Gentrification: 1. Gentrification and Domestic Technologies

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Redfern
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Concentric Zone ◽  
New Look

In this paper I take issue with what I identify as a basic consensus in gentrification studies. I argue that gentrification studies have been conducted within a context framed by two basic models of urban development, namely the Burgess concentric-zone model and the Alonso bid-rent model. These two models lie at the heart of what are more usually seen as the parameters of the gentrification debate, namely the ‘supply-side’ rent-gap account of gentrification offered by Neil Smith and his followers and the ‘demand-side’ consumption-oriented explanations offered by David Ley and his followers. Both sets of explanations are, however, fatally compromised by seeking to answer the question ‘why does gentrification occur?’ before answering the question ‘how does gentrification occur?’. Starting with the question ‘how?’, rather than ‘why?’, draws attention to the hitherto almost completely neglected role of domestic technologies in permitting gentrification to occur, thereby helping break the theoretical logjam in which the gentrification debate currently finds itself.

scholarly journals Simulating Land Use: An Exploration of the Stability of a Two Zone City

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Control Experiment ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Planification Urbaine ◽  
Concentric Zone

This project simulates the Concentric Zone model (Ernest Burgess, 1925) using the agent-based simulation software COBWEB, which allows comparison of transportation costs in determining the distribution of agents after a set period of time. The energy an individual uses to move one grid cell is the parameter factor used to represent transportation costs. It was hypothesized that setting up this experiment to recreate a concentric zone environment will develop a stable environment with individual agents staying in their respective zones as determined by transportation costs. However, over a period of time, the agent population would diminish or the zones won’t be as clearly expressed.In the control experiment, each agent type stayed in their respective zones and the agent count remained consistent throughout the simulation. Two more experiments were performed to observe their respective effects on the model. By increasing the number of agents, this experiment had similar averages compared the control experiment, indicating that there is a carrying capacity in order to maximize the agent’s survival. By changing AI strategies, one of the agents completely died out, suggesting that the agent’s specific AI strategy for its movement and consumption is important to consider when performing experiments.Modelling the distribution of the agents and observing the key factors affecting this distribution is useful for urban planning and transportation management. Additional research to introduce parameters for housing costs is worth exploring in future research activities to provide more interesting and detailed results from the simulation.Ce projet simule le Plan Radiocentrique, un concept qui a été créé par Ernest Burgess, un économiste influencé par von Thünen (Ernest Burgess, 1925). En particulier, ce projet utilise « COBWEB,  »  un logiciel de simulation à base d'agents qui permet la comparaison entre les coûts de transport et d'autres facteurs essentiels pour déterminer le résultat. L'énergie qu'un individu utilise pour déplacer une cellule de la grille a été le paramètre facteur utilisé pour représenter les coûts de transport. L'établissement de cette expérience avec un but de recréer un environnement de zone concentrique permettra de créer un environnement stable avec des agents individuels qui restent dans leurs zones respectives telles que déterminées par les coûts de transport. Au fil du temps, la population des agents diminuera, en affectant la stabilité de la zone.La modélisation de la distribution des agents et l'observation des facteurs clés qui influencent cette distribution sont utiles pour la planification urbaine et la gestion des transports. Des recherches supplémentaires pour introduire des paramètres pour les frais de logement méritent d'être explorées. 

The corporation as a city

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey C. Clubb
Keyword(s):  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Corporate Hierarchy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Concentric Zone

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the social and structural relationships of the corporation, as these factors may or may not affect the prevalence and type of white-collar crimes committed within the organization. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, a social disorganization framework as a potential means to explain criminal behavior throughout the corporate hierarchy has been applied. Findings – This paper is conceptual in nature, providing discussion on the application of the principles of social disorganization theory and the concentric zone model, as well as future steps for evaluation. Originality/value – The application of the social disorganization framework may provide valuable insight into how the social and structural elements of the corporation can contribute to crime within the organization and suggest modifications for deterrence.

Mobility and Raw Material Use at the Hunting Camp Spring Site (35WA96), Blue Mountains, Oregon

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Columbia Plateau ◽  
Blue Mountains ◽  
Technological Organization ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Concentric Zone ◽  
Lithic Artifacts ◽  
Insight Into

Analysis of lithic artifacts from the Hunting Camp Spring site (35WA96) in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon provides insight into the technological organization of late prehistoric populations in the southern Columbia Plateau. Results of debitage and tool analyses suggest that raw material quality and availability, in terms of the stone's proximity to the site area and its relative local abundance, were the prime factors in the production of formal tools at the site. In addition, black and, site, a locally abundant and highly durable stone, was the preferred raw material for expedient tool use. Locations of raw material sources, as well as a concentric zone model of land-use (Reid and Gallison, 1993a; Sampson, 1988), provide a basis for understanding hunter-gatherer mobility within the region.

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