scholarly journals An outbreak of rotavirus-related acute gastroenteritis of childcare center in Guangzhou, southern China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Huaping Xie ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Jianyun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Childcare Center

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract Background A large number of students at a school in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. To help control the outbreak, we conducted an epidemiological investigation to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections. Methods The study population consisted of probable and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other school staff members. A case control study was carried out using standardized online questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person who had diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining locations during the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool samples of the cases and, food handlers, as well as environmental samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. We calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 157 individuals fit the definition of a probable case, including 46 with laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of students who had eaten delivery food 3 days before the onset of illness in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95%CI: 1.88–3.85). Intake of take-out food 3 days earlier, and exposure to similar cases 72 h before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swab samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swab samples from the out-campus restauranttested positive for norovirus (GII, genogroup II strain). Conclusions We investigated an outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea. Food handling practices carry potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks owing to a lack of surveillance and supervision. Greater attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers in off campus restaurant to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract Background A large number of students at a school located in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. In order to control the outbreak, an epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections.Methods The study population consisted of probable cases and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other staff members. A case control study was carried out using online standardised questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person with diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining place in the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool samples of the cases, food handlers and environmental smear swab samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results A total of 157 individuals fit the definition of a probable case, including 46 with laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of the students who had eaten delivery food three days before the onset of disease in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95%CI: 1.88-3.85). Intake of take-out food three days before, exposure to similar cases 72 hours before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swab samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swab samples of out-campus restaurant were tested positive for norovirus (GⅡ, genogroup Ⅱ strain ). Conclusions The outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea was determined. Food handling practices carries potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks due to a lack of surveillance and supervision. More attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract Background A large number of students at a school located in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. In order to control the outbreak, an epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections. Methods The study population consisted of probable cases and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other staff members. A case control study was carried out using online standardised questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person with diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining place in the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool samples of the cases, food handlers and environmental smear swab samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results A total of 157 individuals fit the definition of a probable case, including 46 with laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of the students who had eaten delivery food three days before the onset of disease in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95% CI: 1.88-3.85 ). Intake of take-out food three days before, exposure to similar cases 72 hours before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swab samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swab samples of out-campus restaurant were tested positive for norovirus (G Ⅱ , genogroup Ⅱ strain ). Conclusions The outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea was determined. Food handling practices carries potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks due to a lack of surveillance and supervision. More attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract Background A large number of students at a school in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. To help control the outbreak, we conducted an epidemiological investigation to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections. Methods The study population consisted of probable and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other school staff members. A case control study was carried out using standardized online questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person who had diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining locations during the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool samples of the cases and, food handlers, as well as environmental samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. We calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 157 individuals fit the definition of a probable case, including 46 with laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of students who had eaten delivery food 3 days before the onset of illness in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95% CI: 1.88-3.85 ). Intake of take-out food 3 days earlier, and exposure to similar cases 72 hours before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swab samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swab samples from the out-campus restauranttested positive for norovirus (G Ⅱ , genogroup Ⅱ strain ). Conclusions We investigated an outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea. Food handling practices carry potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks owing to a lack of surveillance and supervision. Greater attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers in off campus restaurant to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Rare Human Group C Rotavirus Strains Isolated from Two Cases of Acute Gastroenteritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
De-Jian Zhao ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Hai-Long Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Jie Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Human Group ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Chinese Strain ◽  
Japanese Strain ◽  
Group C Rotavirus ◽  
Close Genetic Relationship ◽  
Rare Group ◽  
Complete Genomic

This is a report of the complete genomic sequences of two rare group C rotavirus strains RVC/SZ94/CHN/2011 and RVC/SZ272/CHN/2011, isolated from two cases of acute gastroenteritis in Shenzhen, southern China, in 2011. These two strains display a close genetic relationship to 2007 Chinese strain YNR001 and 2008 Japanese strain BK0830.

scholarly journals The Rise in Norovirus-Related Acute Gastroenteritis During the Fight Against the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southern China

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Zhoubin Zhang ◽  
Huaping Xie ◽  
Wenzhe Su ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
New School

Background: There has been a significant decline in the morbidity of almost all infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, while the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis declined in Guangzhou, China during the initial period of the pandemic, incidence increased significantly once the new school year began in September 2020.Methods: Norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis clusters and outbreaks were assessed in Guangzhou from 2015 to 2020. Medians and interquartile ranges were compared between groups using the Mann–Whitney U-test, and attack rates were calculated.Results: While 78,579 cases of infectious diarrhea were reported from 2015 to 2019, with an average of 15,716 cases per year, only 12,065 cases of infectious diarrhea were reported in 2020. The numbers of sporadic cases and outbreaks reported from January to August 2020 were lower than the average numbers reported during the same time period each year from 2015 to 2019 but began to increase in September 2020. The number of cases in each reported cluster ranged from 10 to 70 in 2020, with a total of 1,280 cases and an average attack rate of 5.85%. The median number of reported cases, the cumulative number of cases, and the attack rate were higher than the average number reported each year from 2015 to 2019. The intervention time in 2020 was also higher than the average intervention time reported during 2015–2019. The main norovirus genotypes circulating in Guangzhou during 2015–2020 included genogroup 2 type 2 (GII.2) (n = 79, 26.69%), GII.17 (n = 36, 12.16%), GII.3 (n = 27, 9.12%), GII.6 (n = 8, 2.7%), GII.4 Sydney_2012 (n = 7, 2.36%), and GII.4 (n = 6, 2.03%).Conclusions: Our findings illustrate the importance of maintaining epidemiological surveillance for viral gastroenteritis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Local disease prevention and control institutions need to devote sufficient human resources to control norovirus clusters.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract Objectives Large numbers of students at a school located in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. In order to control the outbreak, an epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the pathogen, sources of infection, route of transmission and risk factors. Methods The study population consisted of probable cases and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other staff members. A case control study was carried out using online standardised questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person with diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining place in the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool specimens of the cases, food handlers and environmental smear swab samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results A total of 157 cases fit the definition of the probable case, including 46 cases of laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of the students who had eaten delivery food three days before the onset of disease in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95%CI: 1.88-3.85). Intake of take-out food three days before, exposure to similar cases 72 hours before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swabs samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swabs samples of out-campus restaurant were tested positive for norovirus (GⅡ). Conclusions The outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea was determined. Food handling practices carries potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks due to a lack of surveillance and supervision. More attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

scholarly journals An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Mengmeng Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Dahu Wang ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Abstract BackgroundA large number of students at a school located in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. In order to control the outbreak, an epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections.MethodsThe study population consisted of probable cases and confirmed cases. An active search was conducted for cases among all students, teachers and other staff members. A case control study was carried out using online standardised questionnaires. Data were obtained regarding demographic characteristics, gastrointestinal symptoms, personal hygiene habits, history of contact with a person with diarrhea and/or vomiting and dining place in the past 3 days. Rectal swabs or stool specimens of the cases, food handlers and environmental smear swab samples were collected to detect potential intestinal viruses and bacteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsA total of 157 individuals fit the definition of a probable case, including 46 with laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection between March 8 and March 22, 2018. The proportion of the students who had eaten delivery food three days before the onset of disease in the case group was 2.69 times that in the control group (95%CI: 1.88-3.85). Intake of take-out food three days before, exposure to similar cases 72 hours before onset and case in the same dormitory were risk factors. A total of 20 rectal swab samples from students, 10 rectal swabs from food handlers and 2 environmental swab samples of out-campus restaurant were tested positive for norovirus (GⅡ, genogroup Ⅱ strain ).ConclusionsThe outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea was determined. Food handling practices carries potential risk of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks due to a lack of surveillance and supervision. More attention should be paid to the monitoring and supervision of food handlers to reduce the incidence of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food.

A Sensitive On-Grid Immunoelectron Microscopic Procedure for Diagnosis of Rotavirus Infection

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
M. F. Miller ◽  
A. R. Rubenstein
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Aggregation Process ◽  
Microscopic Technique ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Number Of Particles

Studies of rotavirus particles in humans, monkeys and various non-primates with acute gastroenteritis have involved detection of virus in fecal material by electron microscopy. The EM techniques most commonly employed have been the conventional negative staining (Fig. 1) and immune aggregation (Fig. 2) procedures. Both methods are somewhat insensitive and can most reliably be applied to samples containing large quantities of virus either naturaLly or as a result of concentration by ultracentrifugation. The formation of immune complexes by specific antibody in the immune aggregation procedures confirms the rotavirus diagnosis, but the number of particles per given microscope field is effectively reduced by the aggregation process. In the present communication, we describe use of an on-grid immunoelectron microscopic technique in which rotavirus particles are mounted onto microscope grids that were pre-coated with specific antibody. The technique is a modification of a method originalLy introduced by Derrick (1) for studies of plant viruses.

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