Urine specific gravity to identify and predict hydration need in ALS

Background Using clinical judgment to diagnose dehydration can be highly subjective. To diagnose dehydration, it would be ideal to have an accurate, inexpensive, objective and easy-to-perform diagnostic tool. In cases of dehydration, plasma osmolality rises, causing an increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. The increased ADH reduces urine production and increases urine osmolality. Previous studies have show that urine osmolality correlates well to urine specific gravity. We investigated if urine specific gravity can be a reliable and objective detennination of dehydration status.Objective To assess the accuracy of using urine specific gravity as a diagnostic tool to determine dehydration status of children with diarrhea.Methods We conducted the study in the pediatric ward of Sardjito Hospital from September 2009 to December 2009. Using a refractometer we measured urine specific gravity from patients with diarrhea. This measurement was then compared to a standard of acute body weight loss, with dehydration defined as weight loss of 5% or more. The cut-off value for defining dehydration using specific gravity measurements was detennined by a receiver-operator curve (ROC).Results Out of 61 pediatric patients who were recruited in this study, 18 (30%) had dehydration as defined by a body weight loss of 5% or more. Based on the ROC, we determined the cut off value for urine specific gravity to be 1.022. Using this value, urine specific gravity was 72% sensitive (95% CI 52 to 93), and 84% specific (95% CI 73 to 95) in determining dehydration status.Conclusion Urine specific gravity is less accurate than clinical judgment in determining dehydration status in children with diarrhea.

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The Effect of Hetastarch (670/0.75) on Urine Specific Gravity and Osmolality in the Dog

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0252.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 388-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

L. Smart ◽

K. Hopper ◽

J. Aldrich ◽

J. George ◽

P. Kass ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Urine Specific Gravity

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Management of urolithiasis associated with tuberous sclerosis complex

10.21203/rs.2.12454/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Takashi Hatano ◽

Yu Imai ◽

Kei-ichiro Mori ◽

Jun Moritake ◽

Katsuhisa Endo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Tuberous Sclerosis ◽

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Urine Ph ◽

Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract The most common renal symptoms of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are angiomyolipomas (AMLs) and renal cysts; however, some patients with TSC also develop urolithiasis. In this study, we evaluated the incidence, risk factors and clinical courses of TSC-associated urolithiasis. We analyzed a total of 102 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for TSC, of whom 15 (14.7%) had urolithiasis. We compared urinary specific gravity, urine pH, serum calcium, intact parathyroid hormone and the use of antiepileptic agents of the urolithiasis and non-urolithiasis groups. The urine specific gravity and urine pH were higher in the urolithiasis group than in the non-urolithiasis group (P = 0.005, P = 0.042, respectively). No significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the serum corrected calcium and intact parathyroid hormone levels. The antiepileptic drugs topiramate and zonisamide were more frequently administered to the urolithiasis group than the non-urolithiasis group (P <0.001, P = 0.039, respectively). Four patients in the urolithiasis group underwent surgery. Three patients could not receive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy due to the risk of bleeding from the AML, and therefore underwent transurethral lithotripsy. If urolithiasis is comorbid with TSC-associated AML, the treatment options are more limited in cases with multiple AMLs around the stone due to an increased risk of hemorrhage. Prevention and early detection of urolithiasis are beneficial to patients with TSC.

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Maternal (oral) hydration increases amniotic fluid volume

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v12i2.893 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aneela Umber

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

P Value ◽

Percentage Increase ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Oral Hydration ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume

Objective:To determine the effect of maternal (oral) hydration on amniotic fluid volume in patients with third trimester oligohydramnios. Design: Interventional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obs & Gynae Unit III, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from May 2002 to October 2002. Patients and Methods: Twenty five women with third trimester oligohydramnios (AFI ?5.0cm) and twenty five controls with normal amniotic fluid volume (AFI 8-24 cm) were prospectively recruited for this study. Maternal urine specific gravity and amniotic fluid index were determined before and after maternal hydration by asking them to drink 2 L of water in 2-4 hours before repeat amniotic fluid index and recorded on printed proformas. Results: Hydration increased amniotic fluid volume in women with oligohydramnios (mean change in amniotic fluid index 4.3 cm, 95% confidence interval 4.02 to 5.06; P value <0.001); as well as in women with normal fluid volume (mean change in Amniotic fluid index 2.7 cm, 95% confidence interval 2.23 to 3.21; P value <0.01). However, percentage increase in mean AFI was 58.6% in the oligohydramnios group, which was significantly greater (P value <0.05) than the percentage increase of 28.4% in control group. Hydration was associated with decrease in urine specific gravity in both groups. Conclusion: Maternal (oral) hydration increases AFV in women with oligohydramnios as well as in women with normal AFV and may be beneficial in the management of oligohydramnios.

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