scholarly journals Beat the heat: How to become a gold medalist at the Tokyo Olympics

Temperature ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels ◽  
Johannus Q. de Korte ◽  
Coen C. W. G. Bongers
Keyword(s):  
Gold Medalist

scholarly journals In Vivo Ergogenic Properties of the Bifidobacterium longum OLP-01 Isolated from a Weightlifting Gold Medalist

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mon-Chien Lee ◽  
Yi-Ju Hsu ◽  
Hsiao-Li Chuang ◽  
Pei-Shan Hsieh ◽  
Hsieh-Hsun Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Gold Medalist

In recent years, probiotics of human origin have shown superior results and performance compared to probiotics from plant or dairy sources, in both in vitro and animal studies. Towards this end, the current study was conducted to explore the ergogenic properties of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum OLP-01 isolated from the intestinal microbiome of the gold medalist from the 2008 Beijing Olympics women’s 48 kg weightlifting competition. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) and orally administered OLP-01 for 4 weeks at 0 (vehicle), 2.05 × 109 (OLP-01-1X), 4.10 × 109 (OLP-01-2X), and 1.03 × 1010 (OLP-01-5X) CFU/kg/day. Physical performance tests including grip strength and endurance time were measured, with OLP-01 supplementation dose-dependently elevating grip strength and endurance. The anti-fatigue activity levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine kinase (CK) were measured after an acute exercise challenge, and OLP-01 was found to significantly decrease lactate, ammonia, and CK levels. OLP-01 treatment was also found to significantly increase the resting levels of both hepatic and muscular glycogen, an indicator of energy storage. Supplementation by OLP-01 showed no subchronic toxic effects while supporting many health-promoting, performance-improving, and fatigue-ameliorating functions.

Science of Swimming and the Swimming of the Soft Shelled Turtle

2014 ◽  
Vol 1621 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Gold Medalist ◽  
Hydrodynamic Field ◽  
Fast Motion ◽  
Observation Results

ABSTRACTSwimming is dynamically a part of the hydrodynamic field and can be considered as a field of the optimal control motion. Animals move by instinct according to the situation which they are confronting with. Therefore, their instinctive motion is optimal most of the time. The movement of animals can be classified roughly into two kinds: the fast motion with the maximum speed and the motion with the minimum energy consumption. Considering the foreleg of the soft shelled turtle as a flat plane, several sets of movement of the foreleg were observed and calculated theoretically. The theoretical results agreed the observation results in the both cases with the maximum speed and the minimum energy consumption. Applying the theoretical movement of the soft shelled turtle foreleg to human movement in swimming, the general S-shaped pull stroke is the minimum energy consumption motion in free-style. It became clear that there was a different stroke for generating the maximum speed in free-style. That was the soft shelled turtle style of fast swimming, the I-shaped pull strokes. In 2002 when the author announced this theory, there was only one fast swimmer whose free-style swimming strokes coincidentally accorded with the I-shaped pull with fewer numbers of strokes at that time. He was the Olympic gold medalist Ian Thorp. Now the I-shaped stoke has become main stream in free style.

scholarly journals Increased Variability of Lap Speeds: Differentiating Medalists and Nonmedalists in Middle-Distance Running and Swimming Events

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Mytton ◽  
David T. Archer ◽  
Louise Turner ◽  
Sabrina Skorski ◽  
Andrew Renfree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous Literature ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Relative Speed ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gold Medalist ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose:Previous literature has presented pacing data of groups of competition finalists. The aim of this study was to analyze the pacing patterns displayed by medalists and nonmedalists in international competitive 400-m swimming and 1500-m running finals.Methods:Split times were collected from 48 swimming finalists (four 100-m laps) and 60 running finalists (4 laps) in international competitions from 2004 to 2012. Using a cross-sectional design, lap speeds were normalized to whole-race speed and compared to identify variations of pace between groups of medalists and nonmedalists. Lap-speed variations relative to the gold medalist were compared for the whole field.Results:In 400-m swimming the medalist group demonstrated greater variation in speed than the nonmedalist group, being relatively faster in the final lap (P < .001; moderate effect) and slower in laps 1 (P = .03; moderate effect) and 2 (P > .001; moderate effect). There were also greater variations of pace in the 1500-m running medalist group than in the nonmedalist group, with a relatively faster final lap (P = .03; moderate effect) and slower second lap (P = .01; small effect). Swimming gold medalists were relatively faster than all other finalists in lap 4 (P = .04), and running gold medalists were relatively faster than the 5th- to 12th-placed athletes in the final lap (P = .02).Conclusions:Athletes who win medals in 1500-m running and 400-m swimming competitions show different pacing patterns than nonmedalists. End-spurtspeed increases are greater with medalists, who demonstrate a slower relative speed in the early part of races but a faster speed during the final part of races than nonmedalists.

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