scholarly journals Mountain landscape connectivity and subspecies appurtenance shape genetic differentiation in natural plant populations of the snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Pujol ◽  
Juliette Archambeau ◽  
Aurore Bontemps ◽  
Mylène Lascoste ◽  
Sara Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Mountain Landscape

scholarly journals Endopolyploidy is a common response to UV-B stress in natural plant populations, but its magnitude may be affected by chromosome type

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Zedek ◽  
Klára Plačková ◽  
Pavel Veselý ◽  
Jakub Šmerda ◽  
Petr Šmarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Holocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Forest Clearing ◽  
Common Response ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Abstract Background and Aims Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) radiation damages the DNA, cells and photosynthetic apparatus of plants. Plants commonly prevent this damage by synthetizing UV-B-protective compounds. Recent laboratory experiments in Arabidopsis and cucumber have indicated that plants can also respond to UV-B stress with endopolyploidy. Here we test the generality of this response in natural plant populations, considering their monocentric or holocentric chromosomal structure. Methods We measured the endopolyploidy index (flow cytometry) and the concentration of UV-B-protective compounds in leaves of 12 herbaceous species (1007 individuals) from forest interiors and neighbouring clearings where they were exposed to increased UV-B radiation (103 forest + clearing populations). We then analysed the data using phylogenetic mixed models. Key Results The concentration of UV-B protectives increased with UV-B doses estimated from hemispheric photographs of the sky above sample collection sites, but the increase was more rapid in species with monocentric chromosomes. Endopolyploidy index increased with UV-B doses and with concentrations of UV-B-absorbing compounds only in species with monocentric chromosomes, while holocentric species responded negligibly. Conclusions Endopolyploidy seems to be a common response to increased UV-B in monocentric plants. Low sensitivity to UV-B in holocentric species might relate to their success in high-UV-stressed habitats and corroborates the hypothesized role of holocentric chromosomes in plant terrestrialization.

scholarly journals The leaf angle distribution of natural plant populations: assessing the canopy with a novel software tool

Plant Methods ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Müller-Linow ◽  
Francisco Pinto-Espinosa ◽  
Hanno Scharr ◽  
Uwe Rascher
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Leaf Angle Distribution

Chemodiversity in natural plant populations as a base for biodiversity conservation

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-41
Author(s):  
Zorica Popović ◽  
Rada Matić ◽  
Milena Stefanović ◽  
Vera Vidaković ◽  
Srđan Bojović
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genetic differentiation between native and introduced plant populations

Oecologia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Bossdorf ◽  
Harald Auge ◽  
Lucile Lafuma ◽  
William E. Rogers ◽  
Evan Siemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Plant Populations

scholarly journals Assessing the ecological significance of molecular diversity data in natural plant populations

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (340) ◽  
pp. 1635-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. McRoberts ◽  
R. P. Finch ◽  
W. Sinclair ◽  
A. Meikle ◽  
G. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant

scholarly journals Phenotypic diversity created by a transposable element increases productivity and resistance to competitors in plant populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Latzel ◽  
Javier Puy ◽  
Michael Thieme ◽  
Etienne Bucher ◽  
Lars Götzenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Epigenetic Variation ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Diversity Effects

AbstractAn accumulating body of evidence indicates that natural plant populations harbour a large diversity of transposable elements (TEs). TEs provide genetic and epigenetic variation that can substantially translate into changes in plant phenotypes. Despite the wealth of data on the ecological and evolutionary effects of TEs on plant individuals, we have virtually no information on the role of TEs on populations and ecosystem functioning. On the example of Arabidopsis thaliana, we demonstrate that TE-generated variation creates differentiation in ecologically important functional traits. In particular, we show that Arabidopsis populations with increasing diversity of individuals differing in copy numbers of the ONSEN retrotransposon had higher phenotypic and functional diversity. Moreover, increased diversity enhanced population productivity and reduced performance of interspecific competitors. We conclude that TE-generated diversity can have similar effects on ecosystem as usually documented for other biological diversity effects.

scholarly journals Population structure in Neotropical plants: integrating pollination biology, topography and climatic niches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Dellinger ◽  
Ovidiu Paun ◽  
Juliane Baar ◽  
Eva Temsch ◽  
Diana Fernández-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Population Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Neotropical Plants ◽  
Topographic Barriers ◽  
Pollination Strategy

Animal pollinators mediate gene flow among plant populations, but, in contrast to well-studied topographic and (Pleistocene) environmental isolating barriers, their impact on population genetic differentiation remains largely unexplored. Comparatively investigating how these multifarious factors drive microevolutionary histories is, however, crucial for better resolving macroevolutionary patterns of plant diversification. We here combined genomic analyses with landscape genetics and niche modelling across six related Neotropical plant species (424 individuals across 33 localities) differing in pollination strategy to test the hypothesis that highly mobile (vertebrate) pollinators more effectively link isolated localities than less mobile (bee) pollinators. We found consistently higher genetic differentiation (FST) among localities of bee- than vertebrate-pollinated species with increasing geographic distance, topographic barriers and historic climatic instability. High admixture among montane populations further suggested relative climatic stability of Neotropical montane forests during the Pleistocene. Overall, our results indicate that pollinators may differentially impact the potential for allopatric speciation, thereby critically influencing diversification histories at macroevolutionary scales.

The Role of Race Specific Resistance in Natural Plant Populations

Oikos ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Burdon ◽  
A. Wennström ◽  
T. Elmqvist ◽  
G. C. Kirby ◽  
A. Wennstrom
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Natural Plant
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