scholarly journals Oligoclonal repertoire of the CD8 alpha alpha and the CD8 alpha beta TCR-alpha/beta murine intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes: evidence for the random emergence of T cells.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Regnault ◽  
A Cumano ◽  
P Vassalli ◽  
D Guy-Grand ◽  
P Kourilsky
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Cell Receptor Alpha

The epithelium of the small intestine in normal euthymic mice contains a large number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), some of which bear a T cell receptor alpha/beta (TCR-alpha/beta). About half of these TCR-alpha/beta IEL display the CD8 alpha alpha phenotype and the remaining have the CD8 alpha beta or the CD4 phenotypes. To examine whether TCR-alpha/beta IEL have a TCR-beta chain repertoire as diverse as that of TCR-alpha/beta lymph node lymphocytes (LNL), we used a recently described PCR technique that allows a global analysis of the TCR-beta chain repertoire. Within any given mouse, the repertoires expressed in both CD8 alpha alpha and CD8 alpha beta TCR-alpha/beta IEL populations are oligoclonal and nonoverlapping between the two subsets. The clones are largely conserved through the length of the small intestine of the same individual. However, genetically identical individuals raised under indistinguishable environmental conditions display distinct oligoclonal repertoires. Those findings indicate that few cells of CD8 alpha alpha or of the CD8 alpha beta phenotype are responsible for the repopulation of the intestinal epithelium.

scholarly journals Late dominance of the inflammatory process in murine influenza by gamma/delta + T cells.

1990 ◽  
Vol 172 (4) ◽  
pp. 1225-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Carding ◽  
W Allan ◽  
S Kyes ◽  
A Hayday ◽  
K Bottomly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Mrna Population ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Cell Receptor Alpha

The inflammatory response in the lungs of mice infected with an influenza A virus consists largely of macrophages and CD3+ T cells. Most T lymphocytes recovered before day 7 after infection express mRNA for the T cell receptor alpha/beta (TCR-alpha/beta), while TCR-gamma/delta mRNA+ cells are found at much higher frequency over the next 7 d. The predominant surface phenotype for the TCR-gamma/delta mRNA+ population is CD3+4-8-TCR-alpha/beta-. Some lymphocytes expressing all the known V gamma genes are found in the inflammatory exudate, but V gamma 2+/V gamma 1+ and V gamma 4+ T cells are present at highest frequency. The response is staged, with maximal numbers of V gamma 4+ cells occurring on day 10 after infection, while the predominant phenotype on day 13 is V gamma 2/V gamma 1+. The emerging peak in numbers of V gamma 4+ lymphocytes is paralleled by increasing numbers of macrophages expressing hsp mRNA. The later maxima found for the V gamma 2+/V gamma 1+ T cells is consistent with the possibility that at least some of these lymphocytes are responding to the hsp+ cells and are functioning to resolve the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory functions for murine intraepithelial lymphocytes: gamma/delta T cell receptor-positive (TCR+) T cells abrogate oral tolerance, while alpha/beta TCR+ T cells provide B cell help.

1992 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fujihashi ◽  
T Taguchi ◽  
W K Aicher ◽  
J R McGhee ◽  
J A Bluestone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Oral Tolerance ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cell

Past work has shown that a subset of effector T cells with unique characteristics could abrogate hapten- or antigen-induced tolerance, and the reconstitution of this immune response has been termed contrasuppression. We have studied contrasuppression in a model of oral tolerance (OT) in which adoptively transferred antigen-specific T contrasuppressor (Tcs) cells reverse OT and result in antibody responses to the eliciting antigen. In the present study, we show that murine intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) from mice orally immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) contain T cells that exhibit Tcs cell activity. This effect was mediated by CD3+ gamma/delta T cell receptor-positive (TCR+), but not alpha/beta TCR+ T cells, and gamma/delta TCR+ Tcs cells were associated with both the CD4-,CD8+ and CD4-,CD8- (double-negative) IEL fractions. The CD4-,CD8+ gamma/delta TCR+ IELs were further separated into Vicia villosa-adherent and -nonadherent fractions. Adoptive transfer of V. villosa-adherent gamma/delta TCR+ T cells to mice with OT to SRBC resulted in splenic IgA, IgM, and IgG subclass anti-SRBC responses, while V. villosa-nonadherent gamma/delta TCR+ T cells were without activity. The gamma/delta TCR+ IELs did not support in vitro antibody responses in B cell cultures, while alpha/beta TCR+ IELs were effective T helper cells. Further, cytokine production by the gamma/delta TCR+ IELs was examined, and the gamma/delta TCR+ V. villosa-adherent fraction, which possessed contrasuppressor function, contained low levels of IL-5 mRNA and small numbers of IL-5-producing cells when compared with alpha/beta TCR+ IELs and V. villosa-nonadherent gamma/delta TCR+ IELs. Our results now show that mouse IELs contain two distinct types of T cells that function in the immune response, e.g., alpha/beta TCR+ T cells that produce IL-5 and function as helper cells, and gamma/delta TCR+ T cells that restore antibody responses in mice that had been orally tolerized with antigen.

scholarly journals T cell receptor ligation induces interleukin (IL) 2R beta chain expression in rat CD4,8 double positive thymocytes, initiating an IL-2-dependent differentiation pathway of CD8 alpha+/beta- T cells.

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Park ◽  
R Mitnacht ◽  
N Torres-Nagel ◽  
T Hünig
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Alpha Chain ◽  
Alpha Beta

The role of interleukin (IL)2 in intrathymic T cell development is highly controversial, and nothing is known about IL-2R expression on thymocytes of the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha/beta lineage undergoing TCR-driven differentiation events. We analyze here IL-2R alpha and beta mRNA expression in an in vitro system where newly generated rat CD4,8 double positive (DP) thymocytes respond to TCR ligation plus IL-2 (but not to either stimulus alone) with rapid differentiation to functional CD8 single positive T cells (Hünig, T., and R. Mitnacht. 1991. J. Exp. Med. 173:561). TCR ligation induced expression of IL-2R beta (but not alpha) chain mRNA in DP thymocytes. Addition of IL-2 then lead to functional maturation and expression of the IL-2R alpha chain. To investigate if the CD8 T cells generated via this IL-2R beta-driven pathway in vitro correspond to the bulk of CD8 T cells seeding peripheral lymphoid organs in vivo, we compared their phenotype to that of lymph node CD8 T cells. Surprisingly, analysis of CD8 cell surface expression using a novel anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody specific for the alpha/beta heterodimeric isoform, and of CD8 alpha and beta chain mRNA revealed that T cells generated by TCR ligation plus IL-2 resemble thymus-independent rather than thymus-derived CD8 cells in that they express CD8 alpha without beta chains. These findings demonstrate that TCR crosslinking induces functional IL-2R on immature DP rat thymocytes. In addition, they show that at least in vitro, CD8 alpha/alpha T cells are generated from TCR-stimulated DP thymocytes (which express the CD8 alpha/beta in the heterodimeric isoform) along an IL-2-driven pathway of T cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Thymocytes with the predicted properties of pre-T cells.

1987 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 874-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hannum ◽  
P Marrack ◽  
R Kubo ◽  
J Kappler
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
Large Pool ◽  
Beta Receptors ◽  
High Mannose ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Receptor Beta

T cell receptor synthesis in thymocytes was examined by the differential immunoprecipitation of receptors from the surfaces and interiors of metabolically labeled newborn and adult thymocytes. Precipitated molecules were then analyzed for size, charge, and state of glycosylation. Our experiments identified cells within the thymic cortex that contained a large pool of cytoplasmic-free receptor beta chain. The beta chain in this pool was synthesized and degraded rapidly and bore only high-mannose N-linked oligosaccharides. This pool was found predominantly in cells that lacked surface alpha/beta receptors and appeared in ontogeny before cells expressing surface alpha/beta. These results are consistent with a model in which the progenitor of cells with surface alpha/beta expression is the T cell equivalent of the pre-B cell, which has rearranged and expressed beta chain, but not alpha chain.

scholarly journals The V beta repertoire of mouse gut homodimeric alpha CD8+ intraepithelial T cell receptor alpha/beta + lymphocytes reveals a major extrathymic pathway of T cell differentiation.

1991 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Rocha ◽  
P Vassalli ◽  
D Guy-Grand
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Repertoire Selection ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Cell Receptor Alpha

Gut intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) contain two independent T cell receptor alpha/beta + T cell populations, with different V beta repertoires. In DBA/2 mice (Mlsa, IE+), the CD4+ and heterodimeric alpha/beta CD8+ thymodependent T cell pool shows the same deletion of V beta 6, 8.1, and 11+ cells as found in peripheral lymphoid organs. In contrast, such deletions are not observed in the pool of IEL bearing homodimeric alpha CD8+ chains, in which these V beta families are frequently observed in high amounts. The size of this gut homodimeric alpha CD8+ IEL pool and its different V beta repertoire selection demonstrate the existence of a major extrathymic pathway of T cell differentiation with a gut-restricted localization. The large amount of the thymo-independent, homodimeric alpha CD8+ IEL found in the small bowel may contribute to a first line of defense against exogenous superantigens.

Lymphoid development in mice congenitally lacking T cell receptor alpha beta-expressing cells

Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 256 (5062) ◽  
pp. 1448-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Philpott ◽  
J. Viney ◽  
G Kay ◽  
S Rastan ◽  
E. Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Lymphoid Development ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Cell Receptor Alpha
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