scholarly journals Altered compensatory cytokine signaling underlies the discrepancy between Flt3–/– and Flt3l–/– mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 (5) ◽  
pp. 1417-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Durai ◽  
Prachi Bagadia ◽  
Carlos G. Briseño ◽  
Derek J. Theisen ◽  
Arifumi Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

The receptor Flt3 and its ligand Flt3L are both critical for dendritic cell (DC) development, but DC deficiency is more severe in Flt3l−/− mice than in Flt3−/− mice. This has led to speculation that Flt3L binds to another receptor that also supports DC development. However, we found that Flt3L administration does not generate DCs in Flt3−/− mice, arguing against a second receptor. Instead, Flt3−/− DC progenitors matured in response to macrophage colony–stimulating factor (M-CSF) or stem cell factor, and deletion of Csf1r in Flt3−/− mice further reduced DC development, indicating that these cytokines could compensate for Flt3. Surprisingly, Flt3−/− DC progenitors displayed enhanced M-CSF signaling, suggesting that loss of Flt3 increased responsiveness to other cytokines. In agreement, deletion of Flt3 in Flt3l−/− mice paradoxically rescued their severe DC deficiency. Thus, multiple cytokines can support DC development, and the discrepancy between Flt3−/− and Flt3l−/− mice results from the increased sensitivity of Flt3−/− progenitors to these cytokines.

scholarly journals Cell-to-cell interaction of cytokine-dependent myeloblastic line constitutively expressing membrane-bound stem cell factor abrogates cytokine dependency partially through granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor production

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1220-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sasaki ◽  
K Ikeda ◽  
K Ogami ◽  
J Takahara ◽  
S Irino
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine for hematopoietic progenitor cells and plays an important role in megakaryocyte proliferation. The UT-7 cell line was established from a patient with megakaryoblastic leukemia, and its growth and survival are strictly dependent on interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), erythropoietin (Epo), or IL-6. In this study, we showed that SCF also supported the growth of UT-7 in the absence of other cytokines and downregulated the cell surface c-kit receptors. Constitutive expression of SCF by introducing SCF expression vector made UT-7 grow factor-independently in liquid medium, but not in semisolid medium. This SCF-expressing factor-independent UT-7 (UT-7scf9) expressed the membrane bound form of SCF on their surface, but did not secrete detectable amounts of soluble SCF. UT-7scf9 formed aggregates as they grew in the absence of cytokines, and this aggregation was inhibited by adding soluble SCF into the medium. UT-7 cultured with SCF and UT-7scf9 cultured without cytokines expressed GM-CSF, and anti-GM-CSF neutralizing antibody partially inhibited their growth. These results suggest that SCF stimulated UT-7 proliferation partially through the autocrine-loop of GM-CSF, and UT-7scf9 expressed SCF mostly as a membrane-bound form, which transduces its growth signal through c-kit receptor as they aggregate by cell-to-cell interaction.

The effects of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) on trophoblast function

Placenta ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (5-6) ◽  
pp. A39
Author(s):  
M. Enomoto ◽  
S. Saito ◽  
N. Harada ◽  
H. Umekage ◽  
S. Sakakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Serum Levels of Granulocyte-Macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor and Stem-cell Factor During Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Diego Fiume ◽  
Ilaria Lenci ◽  
Martina Milana ◽  
Tommaso M. Manzia ◽  
Renato Massoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Liver Tumor ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Multiple biological functions have been recognized regarding Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) and Stem Cell Factor (SCF). Aim: To evaluate the serum changes of GM-CSF and SCF in patients undergoing surgical resection for liver tumor, in the regenerative phase after surgery in order to identify the possible relationship with the patient, tumor or surgical variables. Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients (50% male, median age 66), undergoing hepatic resection of liver neoplasm, were evaluated. The liver tumor was Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in 44% of cases. Other tumors were cholangiocarcinoma and metastasis. Serum levels of GM-CSF and SCF were assessed at baseline and 2 days, 7 days and 4 weeks after surgery. Personal and clinical patient data were also recorded. The statistical analysis was carried out using t-test for unpaired data or ANOVA (repeated measure) for continuous variables and Fisher test for discrete variables. Results: GM-CSF levels remained constant after surgery and were compared to baseline values. SCF levels, on the other hand, increased during the time, after surgery. The evaluation of SCF levels (fold increase) according to surgical, patient and tumor variables evidenced some differences. At day 7 and week 4, SCF levels were statistically increased: i) in patients undergoing a large resection in comparison with others (p<0.05); ii) in patients non-cirrhotic in comparison with cirrhotic ones (p=0.02) and finally; iii) in patients with non-HCC tumor in comparison with HCC ones (p=0.02). Conclusions: During liver regeneration in humans, SCF serum levels are increased allowing to hypothesize a possible role of this chemokine during tissue growth and remodeling.

Secretion of stem cell factor and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor by mouse embryos in culture: influence of group culture

Zygote ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Contramaestre ◽  
F. Sifontes ◽  
R. Marín ◽  
M. I. Camejo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Group Culture ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

SummaryPrevious studies showed that the addition of a growth factor to the culture medium could modulate embryo development. The possible secretion of different factors to the culture medium by the embryo itself, however, has been poorly evaluated. The present study was designed to investigate: (1) the influence of single or group culture on the development of 2-cell mouse embryos (strain CD-1) to the blastocyst stage; (2) the release of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) into the culture medium by the embryo; and (3) the levels of GM-CSF and SCF in the culture medium from both single and group embryos. Two-cell CD-1 mouse embryos were cultured for 96 h singly or in groups of five embryos per drop. GM-CSF and SCF were assayed by ELISA in the complete culture medium. It was found that embryos cultured in groups gave a higher percentage of total blastocyst formation and hatched blastocyst when compared with single embryo culture. The mouse embryos secreted GM-CSF and SCF to the culture medium. The concentration of these cytokines is significantly higher in the group cultures than the level found in single cultures. In conclusion, mouse embryos in culture secrete GM-CSF and SCF to the culture medium and the concentration of these cytokines increases during communal culture. These factors may be operating in both autocrine and paracrine pathways to modulate embryo development during in vitro culture.

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