scholarly journals When pregnancy tames the wolf

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1013
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Niewold ◽  
Shilpi Mehta-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Transcriptional Modulation ◽  
In Pregnancy

A state of relative immunosuppression exists in normal pregnancy. In this issue of JEM, Hong et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20190185) perform blood immunomonitoring in pregnancy, in both healthy women and women with lupus, and observe early and sustained transcriptional modulation of lupus-related pathways in both groups. When signatures of inflammation did not normalize in lupus, risk of pregnancy complications was increased.

Deoxyribonuclease activity negative correlates with extracellular DNA in uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in the third trimester

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Vlková ◽  
Ľubica Janovičová ◽  
Petra Pšenková ◽  
Lívia Melníková ◽  
Barbora Balažovjechová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Dnase Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Mitochondrial Origin ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Abstract Objectives It is not clear, which factors affect extracellular DNA (ecDNA) concentrations in healthy women with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies, although deoxyribonucleases (DNases) are hypothesized to be responsible for the cleavage of plasma ecDNA. The aim of this study was to analyze potential determinants of total ecDNA including plasma DNase activity. Methods Plasma samples were collected from 48 healthy women with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies in the third trimester (gestation week 37). DNA was isolated and quantified using fluorometry and real time PCR. DNase activity was assessed using the single radial enzyme-diffusion method. Results Neither ecDNA, nor DNase activity were affected by maternal age or BMI. DNase activity negatively correlated with total plasma ecDNA (r=−0.40, p=0.007). Similar associations were found for ecDNA of nuclear and mitochondrial origin, but not with fetal DNA quantified using Y-targeted PCR in male fetus-bearing pregnancies. Conclusions The role of plasma ecDNA of fetal and maternal origin is studied in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-complications. The results indicate that plasma DNase activity could negatively regulate ecDNA concentrations and should, thus, be analyzed in preeclampsia, preterm birth and other ecDNA-related pregnancy complications.

Toll-like Receptors at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Complications

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Koga ◽  
Gentaro Izumi ◽  
Gil Mor ◽  
Tomoyuki Fujii ◽  
Yutaka Osuga
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Maternal Fetal Interface

Iron and folic acid tablets in pregnancy

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Mild Deficiency ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
In Pregnancy

Mild deficiency of folic acid is common in the later months of normal pregnancy, due apparently to increased demand and in some cases to impaired absorption1. Megaloblastic anaemia from this cause is not rare, but more frequently a lesser degree of deficiency complicates lack of iron, and in such cases the anaemia responds only to the combined administration of both substances. Deficiency of folic acid has been found in patients with accidental haemorrhage and may be found in anaemia in the puerperium.

Fibrin monomer complex in normal pregnant women: a potential thrombotic marker in pregnancy

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Onishi ◽  
Kimiko Kaniyu ◽  
Mitsutoshi Iwashita ◽  
Asashi Tanaka ◽  
Takashi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Pregnancy represents a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Most coagulation/fibrinolysis markers currently utilized change during pregnancy, and therefore they cannot accurately evaluate thrombotic events in pregnancy because the rate of false positive results is high. Fibrin monomer complex (FMC) has recently become widely available for diagnosing DVT. The present study examined whether FMC is suitable for evaluating thrombotic status in pregnancy. Methods: Concentrations of FMC and other haemostatic markers were investigated in 87 pregnant women without major complications at early, mid- or late pregnancy. FMC concentrations were also measured in 127 normal non-pregnant women, and in one woman who developed DVT after delivery. Results: In normal pregnant women, FMC concentrations were unchanged during early or mid-pregnancy and slightly elevated during late pregnancy. Concentrations were within reference range in most cases, and none exceeded the cut-off value for DVT. In contrast, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and D-dimer (DD) concentrations were significantly elevated in late pregnancy, and median values exceeded reference ranges. The DVT case displayed significantly elevated FMC concentrations. Conclusions: Changes in FMC concentrations during normal pregnancy are minimal compared with other haemostatic markers. Because the rate of false positivity is lower, FMC could be a potential marker of thrombotic status in pregnancy rather than TAT and DD.

Renal disease in pregnancy

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Kincaid-Smith ◽  
Kenneth Fairley
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Pregnancy

There is an intimate relationship between the kidney and pregnancy. Renal plasma flow increases by 50–70% during a normal pregnancy and the glomerular filtration rate by about 50%.1These changes commence in the first trimester and fall in the last trimester reaching normal levels within about four weeks postpartum. These physiological changes are accompanied by striking anatomical changes which consist of dilatation of the ureter, pelvis and calyces, together with an increase in renal parenchymal size. The dilatation i s more marked on the right and may appear in the first trimester. At term, 90% of pregnant women show this change.2

Endocrine and metabolic adaptations to pregnancy; impact of obesity

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Hauguel-de Mouzon ◽  
Luciana Lassance
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Homeostasis ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractAdaptations of maternal endocrine and metabolic homeostasis are central to successful pregnancy. They insure that an adequate and continuous supply of metabolic fuels is available for the growing fetus. Healthy pregnancy is classically described as a mild diabetogenic state with significant adjustments in both insulin production and sensitivity. The placenta contributes to the endocrine adaptations to pregnancy through the synthesis of various hormones which may impact insulin action. Obesity has the highest prevalence among metabolic disease in pregnancy. This article summarizes the literature addressing the endocrine and metabolic adaptations implemented during normal pregnancy. Mechanisms of regulation are further examined in the context of maternal obesity.

scholarly journals A Novel Review of Homocysteine and Pregnancy Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chuce Dai ◽  
Yiming Fei ◽  
Jianming Li ◽  
Yang Shi ◽  
Xiuhua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Work Done

Homocysteine (Hct) is a substance produced in the metabolism of methionine. It is an essential type of amino acid gained from the daily diet. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation is related to elevated total homocysteine (tHct) expressions, in particular, among women with low folate intake. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHct) is caused by numerous factors, such as genetic defects, lack of folic acid, vitamin B6 and B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, drugs, aging, and renal dysfunction. Increased Hct in peripheral blood may lead to vascular illnesses, coronary artery dysfunction, atherosclerotic changes, and embolic diseases. Compared to nonpregnant women, the Hct level is lower in normal pregnancies. Recent studies have reported that HHct was associated with numerous pregnancy complications, including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), preeclampsia (PE), preterm delivery, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Besides, it was discovered that neonatal birth weight and maternal Hct levels were negatively correlated. However, a number of these findings lack consistency. In this review, we summarized the metabolic process of Hct in the human body, the levels of Hct in different stages of normal pregnancy reported in previous studies, and the relationship between Hct and pregnancy complications. The work done is helpful for obstetricians to improve the likelihood of a positive outcome during pregnancy complications. Reducing the Hct level with a high dosage of folic acid supplements during the next pregnancy could be helpful for females who have suffered pregnancy complications due to HHct.

scholarly journals Hyperlipidemia in pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (19) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjána Ábel ◽  
Anna Blázovics ◽  
Márta Kemény ◽  
Gabriella Lengyel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
In Pregnancy

Physiological changes in lipoprotein levels occur in normal pregnancy. Women with hyperlipoproteinemia are advised to discontinue statins, fibrates already when they consider pregnancy up to and including breast-feeding the newborn, because of the fear for teratogenic effects. Hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy can rarely lead to acute pancreatitis. Management of acute pancreatitis in pregnant women is similar to that used in non-pregnant patients. Further large cohort studies are needed to estimate the consequence of supraphysiologic hyperlipoproteinemia or extreme hyperlipoproteinemia in pregnancy on the risk for cardiovascular disease later in life. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 753–757.

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