scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TESTICULAR EXTRACT ON FILTERABLE VIRUSES

1931 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Abdominal Skin ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Pathogenic Action ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Borna Disease

The Reynals factor promotes the pathogenic action of the viruses of herpes, vesicular stomatitis of horses, Borna disease, and vaccinia. The heightening of virulence is revealed in various ways. The effects of the viruses may be accentuated; or a weak strain converted into a strong one, as in the case of the F. strain of herpes virus; or the power acquired to infect resistant species or tissues, as, e.g., rabbits and the abdominal skin of guinea pigs, with acute vesicular stomatitis. The Reynals factor should serve as an important agent in the study of filterable viruses.

scholarly journals THE ACTION OF THE LEVADITI STRAIN OF HERPES VIRUS, AND OF VACCINE VIRUS IN THE GUINEA PIG

1928 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Olitsky ◽  
Perrin H. Long
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Vaccine Virus ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Cross Immunity ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
The Brain

A number of methods have been employed in attempts to induce encephalitis in guinea pigs with the Levaditi C strain of herpes virus. Some of these consisted of different modes of inoculation of the virus itself and others of different ways of combining it with vesicular stomatitis and neurovaccine viruses so as to obtain the concomitant effects of both. In still another test the Levaditi virus was combined with the neurovaccine in a manner calculated to bring about the maximum action of each at the same time. By all these methods, the Levaditi virus failed to evoke the characteristic encephalitis which this specimen is capable of inducing uniformly in rabbits. On the other hand, when the Levaditi herpes virus is inoculated into the brain of guinea pigs in conjunction with suitably timed corneal injections, it acquires active encephalitogenic properties. The results just noted suggest several considerations: 1. The possibility of increasing the virulence of a filtrable virus by animal passage in a special manner. It is not likely that the increase as observed was due to dosage, for after the virus acquired its encephalitogenic property for guinea pigs, the usual amounts of virus suspensions sufficed to induce, in a uniform way, typical encephalitis. 2. The opinion previously expressed by Flexner that the guinea pig serves merely to separate weak from strong strains of herpes virus is supported: for only according to the particular method described, could the encephalitogenic power of the Levaditi virus be developed and the weak be converted into a strong herpes strain. With the acquisition of this power, the Levaditi virus acted in precisely the same manner as strong herpes strains both in the guinea pig and the rabbit. Moreover, it was shown in guinea pigs that cross-immunity occurs between weak and strong strains. 3. The two samples of neurovaccine virus employed were incapable of inducing encephalitis in guinea pigs after intracutaneous, intratesticular, corneal, or intracerebral inoculation, although they were actively encephalitogenic in rabbits. In spite of the fact that the vaccine virus and herpes virus are different, as shown by the histopathology and absence of cross-immunity, they behave in the same way when injected into the brain of the guinea pig. The failure of the concomitant action of both viruses to induce encephalitis in the guinea pig suggests that the association of two viruses, under the experimental conditions outlined, is incapable of inducing encephalitis, if either, by itself, is non-encephalitogenic. 4. The serum from normal guinea pigs may neutralize a weak (Levaditi C) but not a strong (H.F.) strain of herpes virus; but the neutralizing action of the serum on Levaditi C virus is not uniform. 5. The Levaditi strain of virus can increase in quantity in the brain of the guinea pig to a degree which permits detection and yet fails to evoke any distinctive clinical picture or definite histopathological changes. 6. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of Levaditi virus in guinea pigs elicit no signs of infection, yet they induce a solid immunity to strong strains of herpes virus.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PATHOLOGY OF EXPERIMENTAL VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS

1928 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Flexner
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Virus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Recurrent Herpes ◽  
Pathogenic Action ◽  
Complete Failure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
The One ◽  
The Brain

In this paper, three strains of the herpes virus have been dealt with. The H.F. II strain was obtained from the subject H.F. 4 years after the H.F. I strain was secured. H.F. is a victim of recurrent herpes. If the subject is also a chronic carrier of the herpes virus, then it is not one, but two or more strains which are persistently carried. The H.F. II strain is of mitigated pathogenic action for the rabbit, as compared with the H.F. I strain; it is to be classed as dermatotropic rather than neurotropic. And yet, in the subject there was no indication that the attack of herpes provoked was different from the other attacks associated with the H.F. I virus. The other two herpes strains derive their interest from the fact that they came also from persons who suffer from repeated attacks of labial herpes. One strain proved highly neurotropic, resembling in this respect the H.F. I strain; the other was hardly neurotropic at all, but was none the less definitely dermatotropic. It may be possible at a later date to secure other samples of virus from these individuals for comparison. The dermatotropic F. strain penetrates to the central nervous system far more readily and certainly from the skin than from corneal surfaces. The recovered inoculated rabbits showed only relative protection to reinoculation of the herpes virus. A notable difference appeared in the degree of protection acquired, on the one hand by the cornea and on the other by the brain. While the one was partial, the other was complete. The complete resistance of the brain was shown (a) by the complete failure of the intracerebral inoculation, and (b) by the absence of circling movements following corneal inoculation.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PATHOLOGY OF EXPERIMENTAL VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS

1928 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Flexner
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Epidemic Encephalitis ◽  
Virus Encephalitis ◽  
Active Virus ◽  
Brain Involvement ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Experimental Virus ◽  
The Brain

The guinea pig is subject to cerebral and corneal inoculation of the herpes virus. The effects of the inoculations vary with the strength or degree of virulence of the virus. Weak strains of the virus are implanted on the cerebrum with difficulty and strong strains with ease. Weak strains are quickly suppressed by the brain and strong strains may be passed indefinitely from brain to brain of the guinea pig. Strains of intermediate potency can be passed for a limited number of times only. Weak strains induce keratoconjunctivitis without brain involvement, while strong strains invade the brain from the eye and produce fatal encephalitis. In the latter case, the brain contains active virus inoculable upon the cornea and into the brain of rabbits and guinea pigs. Strains of intermediate potency produce keratoconjunctivitis accompanied by mild symptoms of encephalitis, from which recovery results. The guinea pig serves even more definitely than the rabbit to distinguish grades of virus according to strength or virulence. There is no difference of kind but only of degree of response to inoculation of herpes virus in the rabbit and the guinea pig. The etiology of epidemic encephalitis has not, therefore, been brought appreciably nearer solution by experiments with herpes virus carried out in guinea pigs.

High-Dose Valacyclovir Reduced Shedding of Oral Herpes Virus

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Patrice Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Virus ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Oral Herpes ◽  
Herpès Virus

A Case of Drug-induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome with Reactivated Human Herpes Virus 6 and Transiently Raised IgM Antibody to Parvovirus B19

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-583
Author(s):  
Emiko KAMADA ◽  
Yohei SANO ◽  
Azusa HAYAKAWA ◽  
Yasuko YAMADA ◽  
Yoshihiro IKEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 6 ◽  
Herpès Virus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document