scholarly journals Natural Development of Antibodies to Pneumococcal Surface Protein A, Pneumococcal Surface Adhesin A, and Pneumolysin in Relation to Pneumococcal Carriage and Acute Otitis Media

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Rapola ◽  
Virva Jäntti ◽  
Raili Haikala ◽  
Ritva Syrjänen ◽  
George M. Carlone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Pneumococcal Surface Protein A ◽  
Natural Development

scholarly journals Distribution of Pneumococcal Surface Protein A Families 1 and 2 among Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from Children in Finland Who Had Acute Otitis Media or Were Nasopharyngeal Carriers

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1555-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merit M. Melin ◽  
Susan K. Hollingshead ◽  
David E. Briles ◽  
William P. Hanage ◽  
Mika Lahdenkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Cell Enzyme ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT PspA is a structurally variable surface protein important to the virulence of pneumococci. PspAs are serologically cross-reactive and exist as two major families. In this study, we determined the distribution of PspA families 1 and 2 among pneumococcal strains isolated from the middle ear fluid (MEF) of children with acute otitis media and from nasopharyngeal specimens of children with pneumococcal carriage. We characterized the association between the two PspA families, capsular serotypes, and multilocus sequence types (STs) of the pneumococcal isolates. MEF isolates (n = 201) of 109 patients and nasopharyngeal isolates (n = 173) of 49 children were PspA family typed by whole-cell enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Genetic typing (PCR) of PspA family was done for 60 isolates to confirm EIA typing results. The prevalences of PspA families 1 and 2 were similar among pneumococci isolated from MEF (51% and 45%, respectively) and nasopharyngeal specimens (48% each). Isolates of certain capsule types as well as isolates of certain STs showed statistical associations with either family 1 or family 2 PspA. Pneumococci from seven children with multiple pneumococcal isolates appeared to express serologically different PspA families in different isolates of the same serotype; in three of the children the STs of the isolates were the same, suggesting that antigenic changes in the PspA expressed may have taken place. The majority of the isolates (97%) belonged to either PspA family 1 or family 2, suggesting that a combination including the two main PspA families would make a good vaccine candidate.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Pneumococcal Surface Protein A Families 1 and 2 in Serum and Saliva of Children and the Risk of Pneumococcal Acute Otitis Media

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (10) ◽  
pp. 1528-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Simell ◽  
Merit Melin ◽  
Mika Lahdenkari ◽  
David E. Briles ◽  
Susan K. Hollingshead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Pneumococcal Surface Protein A

scholarly journals Development of Antibodies to PspA Families 1 and 2 in Children after Exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1529-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merit M. Melin ◽  
Susan K. Hollingshead ◽  
David E. Briles ◽  
Mika I. Lahdenkari ◽  
Terhi M. Kilpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Virulence Factor ◽  
History Of Culture

ABSTRACT Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an important virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. PspA exists as two major families, which include variable but serologically cross-reactive proteins. Previous studies with a family 1 PspA antigen suggested that children develop low concentrations of anti-PspA after pneumococcal carriage or infection. In this study, antibody to PspA families 1 and 2 was measured by an enzyme immunoassay of the serum and saliva of children with a history of culture-proven pneumococcal colonization and/or acute otitis media and in the serum and saliva of adults. The PspA families of the pneumococcal strains isolated from children were determined. The majority of the children had high serum and salivary anti-PspA concentrations to the PspA family they had encountered and low concentrations to the other, whereas adults had high antibody concentrations to both PspA families, both in serum and in saliva. The results suggest that children have a relatively family-specific antibody response to the PspA family they have been exposed to and that any PspA vaccine for children should contain members of both major PspA families.

scholarly journals Maternal Antibodies to Pneumolysin but Not to Pneumococcal Surface Protein A Delay Early Pneumococcal Carriage in High-Risk Papua New Guinean Infants

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1633-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinta P. Francis ◽  
Peter C. Richmond ◽  
William S. Pomat ◽  
Audrey Michael ◽  
Helen Keno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Pneumococcal Surface Protein A ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
High Risk Infants

ABSTRACT Immunization of pregnant women can be an efficient strategy to induce early protection in infants in developing countries. Pneumococcal protein-based vaccines may have the capacity to induce pneumococcal serotype-independent protection. To understand the potential of maternal pneumococcal protein-specific antibodies in infants in high-risk areas, we studied the placental transfer of naturally acquired antibodies to pneumolysin (Ply) and pneumococcal surface protein A family 1 and 2 (PspA1 and PspA2) in relation to onset of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in infants in Papua New Guinea (PNG). In this study, 76% of the infants carried Streptococcus pneumoniae in the upper respiratory tract within the first month of life, at a median age of 19 days. Maternal and cord blood antibody titers to Ply (ρ = 0.824, P < 0.001), PspA1 (ρ = 0.746, P < 0.001), and PspA2 (ρ = 0.631, P < 0.001) were strongly correlated. Maternal pneumococcal carriage (hazard ratio [HR], 2.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 5.39) and younger maternal age (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.00) were independent risk factors for early carriage, while higher cord Ply-specific antibody titers predicted a significantly delayed onset (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.00) and cord PspA1-specific antibodies a significantly younger onset of carriage in PNG infants (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.40). Maternal vaccination with a pneumococcal protein-based vaccine should be considered as a strategy to protect high-risk infants against pneumococcal disease by reducing carriage risks in both mothers and infants.

scholarly journals DNA vaccines expressing pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) elicit protection levels comparable to recombinant protein

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela M. Ferreira ◽  
Eliane N. Miyaji ◽  
Maria Leonor S. Oliveira ◽  
Michelle Darrieux ◽  
Ana Paula M. Arêas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Dna Vaccines ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Pneumococcal Surface Protein A ◽  
Antibody Levels

Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is a promising candidate for the development of cost-effective vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the present study, BALB/c mice were immunized with DNA vaccine vectors expressing the N-terminal region of PspA. Animals immunized with a vector expressing secreted PspA developed higher levels of antibody than mice immunized with the vector expressing the antigen in the cytosol. However, both immunogens elicited similar levels of protection against intraperitoneal challenge. Furthermore, immunization with exactly the same fragment in the form of a recombinant protein, with aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant, elicited even higher antibody levels, but this increased humoral response did not correlate with enhanced protection. These results show that DNA vaccines expressing PspA are able to elicit protection levels comparable to recombinant protein, even though total anti-PspA IgG response is considerably lower.

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