Repeatability of Voluntary Thermal Maximum and Covariance with Water Loss Reveals Potential for Adaptation to Changing Climates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. McTernan ◽  
Michael W. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Thermal Maximum

Thermal relations and water balance in the day frog, Taudactylus diurnus, from an Australian rain forest

1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Critical Thermal Maximum ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Original Weight ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermal Relations

Body temperatures, critical thermal maxima, tolerance to water loss, and rehydration rates were measured for T. diurnus in the rain forest on Mt. Glorious, south-eastern Queensland. Body temperatures ranged from 13.6 to 22.8'C (mean 1 8 . 4 i l .g�C) for adults and from 14.0 to 23.8"C (mean 19.852.4"C) for juveniles. Body temperatures were significantly higher in juveniles. The critical thermal maximum for T. diurnus was 31 . l i l . 2 " C and ranged from 28.4 to 33.7"C. Minimal activity temperatures appear to be reached in winter months. The mean lethal water loss for T. diurnus was 26.2 & 4.3 % of the original weight; this species shows less tolerance to desiccation than other Australian anurans that have been studied.

Electron Microscopy of Silicon Deposits in Foliar Idioblasts of Magnolia Grandiflora

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
Michael T. Postek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Plant Body ◽  
Normal Metabolism ◽  
Hydrated Oxide

Silicon occurs naturally in plants in the form of its hydrated oxide (SiO2.nH2O) commonly called silica. Silica has been shown to be a necessary element in the normal development of many plants, playing an array of roles including strengthening, protection, and reduction of water loss. Deposition of silica in various portions of the plant body, especially the leaves, may also be viewed as a way for the plant to dispose of any excess silica taken up beyond that necessary for normal metabolism.Studies of this “opaline” silica have thus far been limited to species of the Cyperaceae and Gramineae known to possess significant quantities of silica. Within the Magnoliaceae, certain “glistening” idioblast cells at the foliar veinlet termini and vein sheaths of Magnolia grandiflora (1) have been suspected to be siliceous in nature.

Dealing with hot rocky environments: Critical thermal maxima and locomotor performance in Leptodactylus lithonaetes (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Locomotor Performance ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Environmental temperature has fitness consequences on ectotherm development, ecology and behaviour. Amphibians are especially vulnerable because thermoregulation often trades with appropriate water balance. Although substantial research has evaluated the effect of temperature in amphibian locomotion and physiological limits, there is little information about amphibians living under extreme temperature conditions. Leptodactylus lithonaetes is a frog allegedly specialised to forage and breed on dark granitic outcrops and associated puddles, which reach environmental temperatures well above 40 ˚C. Adults can select thermally favourable microhabitats during the day while tadpoles are constrained to rock puddles and associated temperature fluctuations; we thus established microhabitat temperatures and tested whether the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) of L. lithonaetes is higher in tadpoles compared to adults. In addition, we evaluated the effect of water temperature on locomotor performance of tadpoles. Contrary to our expectations, puddle temperatures were comparable and even lower than those temperatures measured in the microhabitats used by adults in the daytime. Nonetheless, the CTmax was 42.3 ˚C for tadpoles and 39.7 ˚C for adults. Regarding locomotor performance, maximum speed and maximum distance travelled by tadpoles peaked around 34 ˚C, approximately 1 ˚C below the maximum puddle temperatures registered in the puddles. In conclusion, L. lithonaetes tadpoles have a higher CTmax compared to adults, suggesting a longer exposure to extreme temperatures that lead to maintain their physiological performance at high temperatures. We suggest that these conditions are adaptations to face the strong selection forces driven by this granitic habitat.

The examination of biophysical parameters of skin (transepidermal water loss, skin hydration and pH value) in different body regions of ponies

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Szczepanik ◽  
P.M. Wilkołek ◽  
M. Pluta ◽  
Ł.R. Adamek ◽  
Z.J.H. Pomorski
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Skin Hydration ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Skin Ph

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate transepidermal water loss, skin hydration and skin pH in normal ponies. Sixteen ponies of both sexes were examined in the study. Measurements were taken from seven different sites: the neck region, the shoulder, thorax, lumbar, inguinal, lip region and the auricle. In each of the regions transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration and skin pH were measured. For transepidermal water loss, the lowest values were observed in the lumbar region (9.71g/hm2), while the highest values were observed in the lip region (22.35 g/hm2). In the case of skin hydration the lowest values were observed for the thorax region (2.13 CU), and the highest for the lip region (41.81 CU). For skin pH, the lowest results were obtained in the lumbar region (6.93), and the highest in the lip region (7.96).

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