EARLY AUTUMN

Author(s):  
Benjamin March
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Makoto UMEDA ◽  
Yuta NAITO ◽  
Bunyu KOBORI ◽  
Tetsuya SHINTANI ◽  
Kazushi OMOE ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
pp. 102498
Author(s):  
Tore Haug ◽  
Martin Biuw ◽  
Harald Gjøsæter ◽  
Tor Knutsen ◽  
Ulf Lindstrøm ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1781) ◽  
pp. 20140098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neus Latorre-Margalef ◽  
Conny Tolf ◽  
Vladimir Grosbois ◽  
Alexis Avril ◽  
Daniel Bengtsson ◽  
...  

Data on long-term circulation of pathogens in wildlife populations are seldom collected, and hence understanding of spatial–temporal variation in prevalence and genotypes is limited. Here, we analysed a long-term surveillance series on influenza A virus (IAV) in mallards collected at an important migratory stopover site from 2002 to 2010, and characterized seasonal dynamics in virus prevalence and subtype diversity. Prevalence dynamics were influenced by year, but retained a common pattern for all years whereby prevalence was low in spring and summer, but increased in early autumn with a first peak in August, and a second more pronounced peak during October–November. A total of 74 haemagglutinin (HA)/neuraminidase (NA) combinations were isolated, including all NA and most HA (H1–H12) subtypes. The most common subtype combinations were H4N6, H1N1, H2N3, H5N2, H6N2 and H11N9, and showed a clear linkage between specific HA and NA subtypes. Furthermore, there was a temporal structuring of subtypes within seasons based on HA phylogenetic relatedness. Dissimilar HA subtypes tended to have different temporal occurrence within seasons, where the subtypes that dominated in early autumn were rare in late autumn, and vice versa. This suggests that build-up of herd immunity affected IAV dynamics in this system.


Author(s):  
Nikolay Stoenchev ◽  
Yana Hrischeva

Abstract The aim of the present article is to research the availability of rules in the change of the prices of the most spread flats in the neighbourhoods of Sofia. The results from a research in the change of the offered prices of the residential real estates by months for an annual period of time (from October 2016 to September 2017) have been presented. The presence of an uprising tendency for the bigger share of the neighbourhoods has been proven. For those of them where there is a tendency missing are calculated indices for seasonality by the method of the mean chronological value. Upcoming seasonal deviations of the mean monthly prices from the average annual by the separate types of flats (studios, one-bedroom and two-bedroom flats), whereas the highest values are registered in the summer and the early autumn - the months August and September, and the lowest in the late autumn - the months October and November. The most significant are the fluctuations in the variation of the prices in the studios, followed by the two-bedroom flats and one-bedroom flats. The results could be useful to some potential investors.


1906 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Lewis

The following paper deals with an investigation of the successive zones of plant remains contained in the deeper peat deposits covering areas in the Scottish Southern Uplands. The field work was carried on during the summer and early autumn of 1904, and the detailed examination of the peat in the laboratory during part of the winter. No attempt has been made to work out the detailed flora of the different zones, but attention has chiefly been directed to the dominant plant remains found at different horizons in the mosses. Whilst the list of plants from each zone is small, the general facies of the flora of any layer can be gauged from the abundant presence of a few characteristic plants such as Salix reticulata and Empetrum, or Sphagnum and Eriophorum. Thus, while the investigation is incomplete as regards any addition to the history of the British Flora, it will, I hope, throw some light upon the succession of vegetation over the older peat mosses since their origin.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Colpoma crispum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: On dead, rather brittle twigs of Picea abies, but usually attached but sometimes fallen by the time ascomata contain ascospores. Probably involved in self-pruning of the tree, but associated with lichen colonies unlike species of Therrya on Pinus (IMI Descriptions 1297 and 1298), and Colpoma on Quercus (IMI Description 942) which occur on twigs without lichen colonies. HOSTS: Juniperus virginiana (twig), Larix sp. (bark, twig), Picea abies (bark, twig), Picea sp. (bark), Pseudotsuga menziesii (twig). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Germany, Italy, Sweden, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), Ukraine, USA (Oregon). Unsuccessful searches in north-west Poland. Altitude records exist up to 950m (Ukraine). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in humid conditions. In the temperate northern hemisphere, ascocarps probably mostly open in late summer and early autumn.


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