NCRP Report No 162: Self Assessment of Radiation Safety Programs Approaches to Attribution of Detrimental Health Effects to Occupational Ionizing Radiation Exposure and Their Application in Compensation Programmes for Cancer (IAEA Occupational Safety and Health Series 73) A Series of Studies on the Health Effects and its Protection Measures of the Miners Inhaled Thorium Dusts

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-824
Vibration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-528
Author(s):  
Ren G. Dong ◽  
John Z. Wu ◽  
Xueyan S. Xu ◽  
Daniel E. Welcome ◽  
Kristine Krajnak

Studies on hand-transmitted vibration exposure, biodynamic responses, and biological effects were conducted by researchers at the Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) during the last 20 years. These studies are systematically reviewed in this report, along with the identification of areas where additional research is needed. The majority of the studies cover the following aspects: (i) the methods and techniques for measuring hand-transmitted vibration exposure; (ii) vibration biodynamics of the hand–arm system and the quantification of vibration exposure; (iii) biological effects of hand-transmitted vibration exposure; (iv) measurements of vibration-induced health effects; (iv) quantification of influencing biomechanical effects; and (v) intervention methods and technologies for controlling hand-transmitted vibration exposure. The major findings of the studies are summarized and discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (105) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
O. Kruzhilko ◽  
V. Maystrenko ◽  
O. Polukarov ◽  
V.P. Kalinchyk ◽  
A. Shulha ◽  
...  

Purpose: Improving the systematic approach to planning and rationalizing labour protection measures at oil and gas enterprises, based on the results of hazard identification and industrial risk assessment. At the same time, the main task of the risk management process is to ensure the rights of employees guaranteed by the current legislation, namely, to create proper, safe and healthy working conditions. Design/methodology/approach: A comparative legal method for identifying the features of European and Ukrainian legislation in the occupational safety and health field; a structural-logical method for determining the main directions for the further development of the occupational safety and health management system at enterprises; analysis and generalization of well-known scientific results on the research topic; statistical analysis to identify the relationship between the industrial risk' level and various factors that may affect its value; applied systems analysis and mathematical modelling method for new methodological approaches' development to assessing of hazards' likelihood and their consequences' severity were used. The basis for improving the systematic approach to planning and rationalizing labour protection measures is based on the standard IEC 61882:2001. The statistics are taken from the "Messages" information system, which operates in the State Service of Ukraine on Labour and is designed to collect and process data on occupational injuries. Findings: An analysis of the current legislative and regulatory acts showed promising directions for their improvement. A mathematical model for scoring industrial risk is proposed, which takes into account the relationship between industrial risk and preventive measures and the time of their implementation. The calculation system developed on the basis of the proposed model provided a reduction in the time for processing data and calculating the values of industrial risks by 20...25%. Research limitations/implications: Statistical data on industrial injuries at enterprises of the oil and gas industry of Ukraine for 2018-2019 were used. Practical implications: Implementation of the proposed systematic approach to the organization of occupational safety and health management at enterprises has shown its simplicity and effectiveness, which can induce employers to finance reasonable and timely preventive measures. Originality/value: The method has been improved by decreasing the discreteness step in the assessment of industrial risk components, which has increased its accuracy; by developing a mathematical model for calculating the probability of a hazard, taking into account the frequency with which workers are exposed to danger, which eliminates the need to involve experts for an expert assessment at this stage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
A. B. Elkin ◽  
I. A. Evseeva

The issue of occupational safety is studied by assessing working conditions and calculating the economic effect of labor protection measures. The paper describes criteria for improving the economic efficiency by increasing the level of labor protection. It describes measures aimed to ensure the occupational safety and health of workers. The economic efficiency of measures aimed to improve working conditions and ensure the safety is calculated on the example of a steam generation unit. The methodology for calculating technical, economic and social indicators of labor protection takes into account the costs of improving safety and calculating the economic damage caused by accidents. The methodology can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of industrial measures, and takes into account the social effect of labor protection and envi ronmental protection measures. To calculate the effectiveness, the cost of losses, damage, localization costs, environmental damage, and measures is calculated. The occupational safety assurance measures can reduce the cost of production due to the increased labor productivity and improved quality of working capacities in favorable working conditions. An objective assessment of the measures aimed to improve safety conditions contributes to the development of recommendations and can justify management decisions made to ensure the occupational safety. 


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