Regularities of structure and properties modification of the steel surface layer as a result of high-cycle high-speed melting of the “film (Si + Nb) / (steel) substrate” system by an intense pulsed electron beam

Abstract Steel AISI 5135 surface layer modification carried out by high-cycle high-speed melting of the “film (Si + Nb)/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam with an impact area of several square centimeters, have been implemented in a single vacuum cycle on the “COMPLEX” setup. The regime of the system “film (Si (0.2 μm) + Nb (0.2 μm))/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam (20 J/cm2, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 3 cycles) which makes it possible to form a surface layer with high thermal stability have been revealed. This layer is characterized by high hardness, more than 3 times higher than the hardness of AISI 5135 steel in the original (ferrite-pearlite structure) and wear resistance, more than 90 times higher than the wear resistance of the initial AISI 5135 steel. It is shown that the high strength and tribological properties of steel are due to the formation of the hardening phase particles (niobium silicide of Nb5Si3 composition).

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Structure and Properties of a Titanium Film – Aluminum Substrate System Alloyed by an Intense Pulsed Electron Beam

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.683.9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 683 ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Olga V. Krysina ◽

Maria E. Rygina ◽

Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽

Anton D. Teresov ◽

Yurii F. Ivanov

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Wear Rate ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Electron Beam Melting ◽

High Strength ◽

Aluminum Substrate ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Titanium Film ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam

The structure and properties of a Ti film – Al substrate system alloyed by an intense pulsed electron beam are studied. It is shown that electron beam melting of this system provides the formation of a multiphase submicrocrystalline structure with high strength and tribological properties in the surface layer. Irradiation modes, which allow an increase in the microhardness of the material and a decrease in its wear rate, are defined. Physical substantiation of this phenomenon is given.

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STRUCTURAL-PHASE STATE OF SILUMIN OF HYPEREUTECTIC COMPOSITION IRRADIATED BY A PULSED ELECTRON BEAM

Physical and Chemical Aspects of the Study of Clusters Nanostructures and Nanomaterials ◽

10.26456/pcascnn/2020.12.089 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 89-102

Author(s):

Юрий Федорович Иванов ◽

Анатолий Анатольевич Клопотов ◽

Елизавета Алексеевна Петрикова ◽

Мария Евгеньевна Рыгина ◽

Олег Сергеевич Толкачев ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electron Beam ◽

High Speed ◽

Structural Phase ◽

Instrument Making ◽

Structural Phase State ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

State Diagrams ◽

Industrial Alloy ◽

Second Phases

Силумин (сплав алюминия с кремнием) является дешевым промышленным сплавом, обладающим хорошей коррозионной стойкостью, высокими удельными механическими свойствами и хорошими литейными свойствами, вследствие чего нашел широкое применение в современной промышленности (авиа- и машиностроение, приборостроение, судостроение и т.д.). Целью настоящей работы является анализ закономерностей преобразования структуры и фазового состава поверхностного слоя силумина заэвтектического состава (Al - 22 вес. % Si ), подвергнутого облучению интенсивным импульсным электронным пучком. Установлено, что облучение силумина импульсным электронным пучком (18 кэВ, 25 Дж/см, 200 мкс, 3 имп., 0,3 с) приводит к плавлению поверхностного слоя толщиной до 60 мкм, высокоскоростная кристаллизация которого сопровождается формированием субмикро- нанокристаллической многофазной структуры. Показано, что алюминий (твердый раствор на основе ГЦК кристаллической решетки) формирует ячейки высокоскоростной кристаллизации; на границах ячеек расположены наноразмерные частицы вторых фаз. Выполнен анализ трехкомпонентных диаграмм состояния системы Al - Si - Fe - Cu (основные элементы исследуемого силумина) и продемонстрирована возможность формирования в сплаве в равновесных условиях большого количества двух- и трехэлементных соединений. Методами дифракционной электронной микроскопии показано, что наряду с трехэлементными фазами в силумине образуются и фазы на основе четырех и, возможно, большего количества элементов. Silumin (an alloy of aluminum with silicon) is a cheap industrial alloy with good corrosion resistance, high specific mechanical properties and good casting properties. As a result it has found wide applications in modern industry (aircraft and mechanical engineering, instrument making, shipbuilding, etc.). The aim of this work is to analyze the regularities of transformation of the structure and phase composition of the surface layer of a hypereutectic silumin (Al - 22 wt % Si), subjected to irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam. It was found that irradiation of silumin with a pulsed electron beam (18 keV, 25 J / cm, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 0,3 s) leads to melting of the surface layer up to 60 pm thick, the high-speed crystallization of which is accompanied by the formation of a submicro-nanocrystalline multiphase structure. It is shown that aluminum (a solid solution based on fcc crystal lattice) forms cells of high-speed crystallization; nanoscale particles of the second phases are located at the cell boundaries. Analysis of three-component state diagrams of the Al - Si - Fe - Cu system (the main elements of the studied silumin) demonstrated the possibility of forming a large number of two- and three-element compounds in the alloy under equilibrium conditions. It has been shown by diffraction electron microscopy that, along with three-element phases, phases based on four and, possibly, more elements are formed in silumin.

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Electron beam modification of the structure and properties of silumins with various silicon concentrations

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2064/1/012081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2064 (1) ◽

pp. 012081

Author(s):

D V Zaguliaev ◽

A A Klopotov ◽

Y F Ivanov ◽

A M Ustinov ◽

Y A Abzaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Applied Stress ◽

High Speed ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Phase Boundaries ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

Untreated Material ◽

Surface Modified

Abstract This work intended to analyse the structure and properties of hypoeutectic silumin treated by a pulsed electron beam. The study has shown that the silumin surface modified by a pulsed electron beam fractures due to the formation and propagation of microcracks along the boundaries of high-speed crystallization cells. In the untreated material (the concentration of silicon in the alloy is irrelevant) microcracks tend to originate and propagate along the phase boundaries between aluminum and silicon. The research has revealed that the plasticity of irradiated AK5M2 silumin is 1.6 higher and the strength is 1.1 lower than these characteristics of the untreated material; the irradiated AK10M2H silumin fractures at higher (by ≈ 30%) applied stress and higher (by 30%) plastic deformation than the untreated material.

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Surface Doping of Steel with an Intense Pulsed Electron Beam

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.781.95 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 781 ◽

pp. 95-100

Author(s):

Gennadii G. Volokitin ◽

Yurii Ivanov ◽

Anatolii A. Klopotov ◽

Anton D. Teresov ◽

Vladimir Shugurov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Steel Substrate ◽

Zirconium Carbide ◽

Average Cell ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

Cu Alloy ◽

Surface Doping ◽

Carbide Particles ◽

Crystallization Structure

Surface doping of AISI420 steel is carried out in a single vacuum cycle, and consisted of spraying a thin (0.5 μm) film of Zr-Ti-Cu alloy by electric-arc sputtering of a cathode of the composition Zr-6 at.% Ti-6 at.% Cu, and the subsequent irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam. It is shown that the concentration of zirconium in the surface layer of steel decreases with an increase in the energy density of the electron beam (ES). It is established that formation of a surface alloy is accompanied by the following: formation of a cellular crystallization structure (the average cell size increases from 150 nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to 370 nm at ES = 40 J/cm2); formation of a dendritic crystallization structure in the presence of refractory element particles (titanium or zirconium); decomposition of a solid solution with the release of zirconium carbide particles (particle sizes increase from (10-15) nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to (30-40) nm at ES = 40 J/cm2). Particles of the carbide phase based on chromium of the composition Cr3C2, Cr7C3 and (Cr, Fe)23С6, along with zirconium carbide particles, are revealed upon the irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam (ES = 40 J/cm2). Chromium carbide particles have a round shape; their sizes vary from 40 nm to 60 nm. The analysis of phase transformation diagrams taking place under equilibrium conditions in systems Fe-Zr-C; Cr-Zr-C; Fe-Cr-Zr is carried out. It is established that ultra-high cooling rates that occur during the irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam impose restrictions on formation of phases of the intermetallic type. It is suggested that formation of predominantly carbide phases in the surface layer of the material is conditioned upon high mobility of carbon atoms in steel.

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Structure and properties of the surface layer of «Ti/SiC-ceramic» system irradiated by low-energy pulsed electron beam

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1115/3/032040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1115 ◽

pp. 032040 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A A Leonov ◽

E E Kuzichkin ◽

V V Shugurov ◽

A D Teresov ◽

M P Kalashnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Low Energy ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Ceramic System ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

Sic Ceramic

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Effect of Laser Surface Melting on Structure and Properties of a High Speed Tool Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1365 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 291-294 ◽

pp. 1365-1368 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mirosław Bonek ◽

Grzegorz Matula ◽

Leszek Adam Dobrzański

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

High Speed ◽

Steel Surface ◽

Structure Refinement ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Laser Surface ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Surface Layers ◽

Metal Base ◽

Protection Method

The purpose of this research paper is focused on the high speed steel surface layers improvement properties using HPDL laser. The paper present laser surface technologies, investigation of structure and properties of the high speed steel alloying with carbides using high power diode laser HPDL. Investigation indicate the influence of the alloying carbides on the structure and properties of the surface layer of investigated steel depending on the kind of alloying carbides and power implemented laser (HPDL). In the effect of laser alloying with powder of carbides occurs size reduction of microstructure as well as dispersion hardening through fused in but partially dissolved carbides and consolidation through enrichment of surface layer in alloying additions coming from dissolving carbides. Introduced particles of carbides and in part remain undissolved, creating conglomerates being a result of fusion of undissolved powder grains into molten metal base. The structural mechanism was determined of surface layers development, effect was studied of alloying parameters, gas protection method, and thickness of paste layer applied onto the steel surface on structure refinement and influence of these factors on the mechanical properties of surface layer, and especially on its hardness, abrasive wear resistance, and roughness. It has the important cognitive significance and gives grounds to the practical employment of these technologies for forming the surfaces of new tools and regeneration of the used ones.

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Effect of the cooling rate on phase transformations in a surface-alloyed layer of steel

Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University ◽

10.18503/1995-2732-2019-17-1-58-63 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 58-63

Author(s):

Yuriy F. Ivanov ◽

Anton D. Teresov ◽

Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽

Vladimir V. Shugurov ◽

Аnatoliy А. Klopotov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Steel Substrate ◽

Zirconium Carbide ◽

Arc Spraying ◽

Average Cell ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

Cu Alloy ◽

Aisi 420 ◽

Carbide Particles

Surface alloying of AISI 420 steel was carried out in a single vacuum cycle, and consisted of spraying a thin (0.5 μm) film of Zr-Ti-Cu alloy by electric arc spraying of a cathode of the composition Zr-6 at.% Ti-6 at.% Cu, and the subsequent irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam. It is shown that the concentration of zirconium in the surface layer of steel decreases with an increase in the energy density of the electron beam (ES). It is established that formation of a surface alloy is accompanied by the following: formation of a cellular crystallization structure (the average cell size increases from 150 nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to 370 nm at ES = 40 J/cm2); decomposition of a solid solution with the release of zirconium carbide particles (particle sizes increase from (10-15) nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to (30-40) nm at ES = 40 J/cm2). Particles of the carbide phase based on chromium of the composition Cr3C2, Cr7C3 and (Cr, Fe)23С6, along with zirconium carbide particles, are revealed upon the irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam (ES = 40 J/cm2). Chromium carbide particles have a round shape; their sizes vary from 40 nm to 60 nm. The authors analyzed phase transformation diagrams taking place under equilibrium conditions in Fe-Zr-C; Cr-Zr-C; Fe-Cr-Zr systems. It is established that ultra-high cooling rates that occur during the irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam impose limitations on the formation of phases of the intermetallic type. It is assumed that the formation of predominantly carbide phases in the surface layer of the material is due to high mobility of carbon atoms in steel.

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