scholarly journals Multi-cycle of AISI 5135 steel modification by irradiation of the “film (Si (0.2 μm) + Nb (0.2 μm))/(AISI 5135 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam

2021 ◽  
Vol 2064 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
N N Koval ◽  
Yu F Ivanov ◽  
V V Shugurov ◽  
A D Teresov ◽  
E A Petrikova
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Area ◽  
Steel Aisi

Abstract Steel AISI 5135 surface layer modification carried out by high-cycle high-speed melting of the “film (Si + Nb)/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam with an impact area of several square centimeters, have been implemented in a single vacuum cycle on the “COMPLEX” setup. The regime of the system “film (Si (0.2 μm) + Nb (0.2 μm))/(steel AISI 5135) substrate” irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam (20 J/cm2, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 3 cycles) which makes it possible to form a surface layer with high thermal stability have been revealed. This layer is characterized by high hardness, more than 3 times higher than the hardness of AISI 5135 steel in the original (ferrite-pearlite structure) and wear resistance, more than 90 times higher than the wear resistance of the initial AISI 5135 steel. It is shown that the high strength and tribological properties of steel are due to the formation of the hardening phase particles (niobium silicide of Nb5Si3 composition).

scholarly journals Structure and properties of high-chromium steel irradiated with a pulsed electron beam and nitrided in a low-pressure gas discharge plasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2064 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
Y Ivanov ◽  
E Petrikova ◽  
A Teresov ◽  
S Lykov ◽  
O Tolkachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gas Discharge ◽  
Iron Nitride ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam

Abstract Ion-plasma saturation of the surface of machine parts and mechanisms with gas elements (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon) is currently one of the most effective and widely used methods of surface hardening of metal products for various purposes in the industry of developed countries. The aim of this research is to develop a complex method for modifying the surface layer of AISI 310 steel, combining irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam and subsequent nitriding in the plasma of a low-pressure gas discharge. As a result of the studies performed, the optimal parameters of modification were revealed, which make it possible to increase the hardness of the surface layer of steel by more than 11 times, relative to the hardness of the initial material, and 8 times, relative to the hardness of steel irradiated with a pulsed electron beam. In this case, the wear resistance of the steel exceeds the wear resistance of the original and irradiated material by more than 100 times. It has been established that the high strength and tribological properties of the modified steel are due to the formation of a two-phase (iron nitride and chromium nitride) layered nanoscale structure in the surface layer.

Structure and Properties of a Titanium Film – Aluminum Substrate System Alloyed by an Intense Pulsed Electron Beam

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Olga V. Krysina ◽  
Maria E. Rygina ◽  
Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽  
Anton D. Teresov ◽  
Yurii F. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Electron Beam Melting ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Aluminum Substrate ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Titanium Film ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam

The structure and properties of a Ti film – Al substrate system alloyed by an intense pulsed electron beam are studied. It is shown that electron beam melting of this system provides the formation of a multiphase submicrocrystalline structure with high strength and tribological properties in the surface layer. Irradiation modes, which allow an increase in the microhardness of the material and a decrease in its wear rate, are defined. Physical substantiation of this phenomenon is given.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL-PHASE STATE OF SILUMIN OF HYPEREUTECTIC COMPOSITION IRRADIATED BY A PULSED ELECTRON BEAM

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Юрий Федорович Иванов ◽  
Анатолий Анатольевич Клопотов ◽  
Елизавета Алексеевна Петрикова ◽  
Мария Евгеньевна Рыгина ◽  
Олег Сергеевич Толкачев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Structural Phase State ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
State Diagrams ◽  
Industrial Alloy ◽  
Second Phases

Силумин (сплав алюминия с кремнием) является дешевым промышленным сплавом, обладающим хорошей коррозионной стойкостью, высокими удельными механическими свойствами и хорошими литейными свойствами, вследствие чего нашел широкое применение в современной промышленности (авиа- и машиностроение, приборостроение, судостроение и т.д.). Целью настоящей работы является анализ закономерностей преобразования структуры и фазового состава поверхностного слоя силумина заэвтектического состава (Al - 22 вес. % Si ), подвергнутого облучению интенсивным импульсным электронным пучком. Установлено, что облучение силумина импульсным электронным пучком (18 кэВ, 25 Дж/см, 200 мкс, 3 имп., 0,3 с) приводит к плавлению поверхностного слоя толщиной до 60 мкм, высокоскоростная кристаллизация которого сопровождается формированием субмикро- нанокристаллической многофазной структуры. Показано, что алюминий (твердый раствор на основе ГЦК кристаллической решетки) формирует ячейки высокоскоростной кристаллизации; на границах ячеек расположены наноразмерные частицы вторых фаз. Выполнен анализ трехкомпонентных диаграмм состояния системы Al - Si - Fe - Cu (основные элементы исследуемого силумина) и продемонстрирована возможность формирования в сплаве в равновесных условиях большого количества двух- и трехэлементных соединений. Методами дифракционной электронной микроскопии показано, что наряду с трехэлементными фазами в силумине образуются и фазы на основе четырех и, возможно, большего количества элементов. Silumin (an alloy of aluminum with silicon) is a cheap industrial alloy with good corrosion resistance, high specific mechanical properties and good casting properties. As a result it has found wide applications in modern industry (aircraft and mechanical engineering, instrument making, shipbuilding, etc.). The aim of this work is to analyze the regularities of transformation of the structure and phase composition of the surface layer of a hypereutectic silumin (Al - 22 wt % Si), subjected to irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam. It was found that irradiation of silumin with a pulsed electron beam (18 keV, 25 J / cm, 200 μs, 3 pulses, 0,3 s) leads to melting of the surface layer up to 60 pm thick, the high-speed crystallization of which is accompanied by the formation of a submicro-nanocrystalline multiphase structure. It is shown that aluminum (a solid solution based on fcc crystal lattice) forms cells of high-speed crystallization; nanoscale particles of the second phases are located at the cell boundaries. Analysis of three-component state diagrams of the Al - Si - Fe - Cu system (the main elements of the studied silumin) demonstrated the possibility of forming a large number of two- and three-element compounds in the alloy under equilibrium conditions. It has been shown by diffraction electron microscopy that, along with three-element phases, phases based on four and, possibly, more elements are formed in silumin.

Surface Doping of Steel with an Intense Pulsed Electron Beam

2018 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Gennadii G. Volokitin ◽  
Yurii Ivanov ◽  
Anatolii A. Klopotov ◽  
Anton D. Teresov ◽  
Vladimir Shugurov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Zirconium Carbide ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Surface Doping ◽  
Carbide Particles ◽  
Crystallization Structure

Surface doping of AISI420 steel is carried out in a single vacuum cycle, and consisted of spraying a thin (0.5 μm) film of Zr-Ti-Cu alloy by electric-arc sputtering of a cathode of the composition Zr-6 at.% Ti-6 at.% Cu, and the subsequent irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam. It is shown that the concentration of zirconium in the surface layer of steel decreases with an increase in the energy density of the electron beam (ES). It is established that formation of a surface alloy is accompanied by the following: formation of a cellular crystallization structure (the average cell size increases from 150 nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to 370 nm at ES = 40 J/cm2); formation of a dendritic crystallization structure in the presence of refractory element particles (titanium or zirconium); decomposition of a solid solution with the release of zirconium carbide particles (particle sizes increase from (10-15) nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to (30-40) nm at ES = 40 J/cm2). Particles of the carbide phase based on chromium of the composition Cr3C2, Cr7C3 and (Cr, Fe)23С6, along with zirconium carbide particles, are revealed upon the irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam (ES = 40 J/cm2). Chromium carbide particles have a round shape; their sizes vary from 40 nm to 60 nm. The analysis of phase transformation diagrams taking place under equilibrium conditions in systems Fe-Zr-C; Cr-Zr-C; Fe-Cr-Zr is carried out. It is established that ultra-high cooling rates that occur during the irradiation of the system “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI420 steel) substrate” with an intense pulsed electron beam impose restrictions on formation of phases of the intermetallic type. It is suggested that formation of predominantly carbide phases in the surface layer of the material is conditioned upon high mobility of carbon atoms in steel.

Influence of High Current Pulsed Electron Beam (HCPEB) Treatment on Wear Resistance of Hypereutectic Al-17.5Si and Al-20Si Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hao ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Gan Feng Tu ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
Sheng Zhi Hao
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
High Current ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Primary Si ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Modified Surface Layer

The paper reports an analysis of the effect of high current pulsed electron beam(HCPEB) on microstructure transformations and wear resistance of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. HCPEB treatment with 2.5 J /cm2 energy density leads to the formation of “halo” centered on primary Si, composition homogeneity, the formation of supersaturated solid solution of Al and grain refinement of top melted surface layer. The wear resistance of 15 pulse-treated Al-17.5Si and Al-20Si alloys is drastically improved by a factor of 6.5 and 2, respectively. The increase of hardness in modified surface layer has a positive effect on wear of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys.

scholarly journals Effect of the cooling rate on phase transformations in a surface-alloyed layer of steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Yuriy F. Ivanov ◽  
Anton D. Teresov ◽  
Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽  
Vladimir V. Shugurov ◽  
Аnatoliy А. Klopotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Zirconium Carbide ◽  
Arc Spraying ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Aisi 420 ◽  
Carbide Particles

Surface alloying of AISI 420 steel was carried out in a single vacuum cycle, and consisted of spraying a thin (0.5 μm) film of Zr-Ti-Cu alloy by electric arc spraying of a cathode of the composition Zr-6 at.% Ti-6 at.% Cu, and the subsequent irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam. It is shown that the concentration of zirconium in the surface layer of steel decreases with an increase in the energy density of the electron beam (ES). It is established that formation of a surface alloy is accompanied by the following: formation of a cellular crystallization structure (the average cell size increases from 150 nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to 370 nm at ES = 40 J/cm2); decomposition of a solid solution with the release of zirconium carbide particles (particle sizes increase from (10-15) nm at ES = 20 J/cm2 to (30-40) nm at ES = 40 J/cm2). Particles of the carbide phase based on chromium of the composition Cr3C2, Cr7C3 and (Cr, Fe)23С6, along with zirconium carbide particles, are revealed upon the irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam (ES = 40 J/cm2). Chromium carbide particles have a round shape; their sizes vary from 40 nm to 60 nm. The authors analyzed phase transformation diagrams taking place under equilibrium conditions in Fe-Zr-C; Cr-Zr-C; Fe-Cr-Zr systems. It is established that ultra-high cooling rates that occur during the irradiation of the “film (Zr-Ti-Cu alloy) / (AISI 420 steel) substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam impose limitations on the formation of phases of the intermetallic type. It is assumed that the formation of predominantly carbide phases in the surface layer of the material is due to high mobility of carbon atoms in steel.

Research on High-Speed Cutting of Cr12MoV Hardened Steel - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Sun ◽  
Guohe Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Meng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Speed Machining ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Stamping Die

: Cr12MoV hardened steel is widely used in the manufacturing of stamping die because of its high strength, high hardness, and good wear resistance. As a kind of mainstream cutting technology, high-speed machining has been applied in the machining of Cr12MoV hardened steel. Based on the review of a large number of literature, the development of high-speed machining of Cr12MoV hardened steel was summarized, including the research status of the saw-tooth chip, cutting force, cutting temperature, tool wear, machined surface quality, and parameters optimization. The problems that exist in the current research were discussed and the directions of future research were pointed out. It can promote the development of high-speed machining of Cr12MoV hardened steel.

Pulsed electron-beam treatment of WC–TiC–Co hard-alloy cutting tools: wear resistance and microstructural evolution

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.F. Ivanov ◽  
V.P. Rotshtein ◽  
D.I. Proskurovsky ◽  
P.V. Orlov ◽  
K.N. Polestchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Hard Alloy ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Electron Beam Treatment ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Tools Wear
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