scholarly journals Medicobiologic risk factors in early child development as predictors of psychological health in first grade students living in the Arctic region

2019 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
E V Kazakova ◽  
L V Sokolova ◽  
A A Farkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
First Grade ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Early Child ◽  
The Arctic Region

Áhrif loftlagsbreytinga á vatnsveitur og vatnsgæði á Íslandi – áhættuþættir og aðgerðir

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
María J. Gunnarsdóttir ◽  
Sigurður Magnús Garðarsson ◽  
Hrund Ólöf Andradóttir ◽  
Alfreð Schiöth
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Surveillance Area ◽  
The Arctic Region

Climate change is expected to have impact on water supply and drinking water quality in Iceland. Foremost there are three influential weather-related factors; increase in temperature; rise in sea level; and seasonal and regional change in precipitation in both quantity and intensity. In this study international and local reports and articles were analyzed for expected impact on the water resource with emphasis on the northern and the arctic region. Water quality risk factors were analyzed based on surveillance data of the water supplies from the Local Competent Authorities. Preliminary risk assessment of landslides and flooding was performed in one surveillance area in northern Iceland.

scholarly journals A factorial cluster-randomised controlled trial combining home-environmental and early child development interventions to improve child health and development: rationale, trial design and baseline findings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella M Hartinger ◽  
Nestor Nuño ◽  
Jan Hattendorf ◽  
Hector Verastegui ◽  
Mariela Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ABSTRACTBackgroundExposure to unhealthy environments and poor cognitive development are the main risk factors that affect children’s health and wellbeing in low- and middle-income countries. Interventions that simultaneously address several risk factors at the household level have great potential to reduce these negative effects. We present the design and baseline findings of a cluster-randomised controlled trial to evaluate the impact of an integrated home-environmental intervention package and an early child development programme to improve diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections and childhood developmental outcomes in children under 36 months of age living in resource-limited rural Andean Peru.MethodsWe collected baseline data on children’s developmental performance, health status and demography as well as microbial contamination in drinking water. In a sub-sample of households, we measured indoor and personal 24-hour air concentration levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5).ResultsWe recruited and randomised 317 children from 40 community-clusters to four study arms. At baseline, all arms had similar health and demographic characteristics, and the developmental status of children was comparable between arms. The analysis revealed that more than 25% of mothers completed primary education, a large proportion of children were stunted and diarrhoea prevalence was above 18%. Fifty-two percent of drinking water samples tested positive for thermo-tolerant coliforms and the occurrence of E.coli was evenly distributed between arms. The mean levels of kitchen PM2.5 and CO concentrations were 213 μg/m3 and 4.8 ppm, respectively.ConclusionsThe trial arms are balanced with respect to most baseline characteristics, such as household air and water pollution, and child development. These results ensure the possible estimation of the trial effectiveness. This trial will yield valuable information for assessing synergic, rational and cost-effective benefits of the combination of home-based interventions.Trial registrationretrospectively registered on 15th January 2018. SRCTN reference: 26548981

Risk factors for the spread of infectious diseases in the Arctics

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
L.A. Kraeva ◽  
◽  
A.L. Panin ◽  
A.E. Goncharov ◽  
D.Yu. Vlasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
The Arctic Region

In the conditions of further development of the Arctic it is especially important to preserve the health of the population permanently or temporarily located in this territory. In recent years significant changes have taken place in the biosphere of the Arctic region under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The population morbidity is accounted for by a number of diseases. However, the infectious component and the factors contributing to its growth remain poorly understood. Objective. To study various biocenoses in the Arctic region as potential risk areas for the spread of infectious diseases among the population. Materials and methods. The material for microbiological studies was selected in 2018–2019 in the archipelagos of Svalbard and Severnaya Zemlya. A total of 139 samples from various samples of natural, anthropogenic and ornithogenic biocenoses were studied. Research methods: classical bacteriological, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis, statistical data analysis. Results. During the study of Arctic samples were isolated and identified 309 viable bacterial strains and representatives of 117 species of micromycetes. Of all the isolated strains, the most important are Escherichia coli, Yersinia intermedia, representatives of the genera Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus. Conclusion. The risk factors for the spread of infectious disease pathogens in the Arctic region were identified: an increase in the number and diversity of isolated microorganisms of medical significance in dynamics; identification of pathogens of infections associated with medical care and saprozoonoses among them. Key words: Arctic, Svalbard and Severnaya Zemlya archipelagos, infectious diseases, pathogens of medical care-related infections and saprozoonoses, polar microorganisms

Perceived Knowledge of Early Child Development Among New and Expecting Fathers

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Keefe ◽  
Sharnail D. Bazemore ◽  
Kate Farr ◽  
James F. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Early Child

Nuclear icebreaker fleet and power supply on the basis of floating power units

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
V. A. Tupchienko ◽  
H. G. Imanova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Far North ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article deals with the problem of the development of the domestic nuclear icebreaker fleet in the context of the implementation of nuclear logistics in the Arctic. The paper analyzes the key achievements of the Russian nuclear industry, highlights the key areas of development of the nuclear sector in the Far North, and identifies aspects of the development of mechanisms to ensure access to energy on the basis of floating nuclear power units. It is found that Russia is currently a leader in the implementation of the nuclear aspect of foreign policy and in providing energy to the Arctic region.

Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Aerosol in the Arctic Region and Adjoining Seas along the Routes of Marine Expeditions in 2018–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-489
Author(s):  
L. P. Golobokova ◽  
T. V. Khodzher ◽  
O. N. Izosimova ◽  
P. N. Zenkova ◽  
A. O. Pochyufarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Region

Estimating Friction Reduction ForCasing Operations in High-Angle Wells in The Arctic Region - A Russia Case History

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimerebere Onyekwere Nkwocha ◽  
Evgeny Glebov ◽  
Alexey Zhludov ◽  
Sergey Galantsev ◽  
David Kay
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Angle ◽  
The Arctic Region

scholarly journals A holistic approach to promoting early child development: a cluster randomised trial of a group-based, multicomponent intervention in rural Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e004307
Author(s):  
Helen O Pitchik ◽  
Fahmida Tofail ◽  
Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Jesmin Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Adjusted Means

IntroductionIn low- and middle-income countries, children experience multiple risks for delayed development. We evaluated a multicomponent, group-based early child development intervention including behavioural recommendations on responsive stimulation, nutrition, water, sanitation, hygiene, mental health and lead exposure prevention.MethodsWe conducted a 9-month, parallel, multiarm, cluster-randomised controlled trial in 31 rural villages in Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh. Villages were randomly allocated to: group sessions (‘group’); alternating groups and home visits (‘combined’); or a passive control arm. Sessions were delivered fortnightly by trained community members. The primary outcome was child stimulation (Family Care Indicators); the secondary outcome was child development (Ages and Stages Questionnaire Inventory, ASQi). Other outcomes included dietary diversity, latrine status, use of a child potty, handwashing infrastructure, caregiver mental health and knowledge of lead. Analyses were intention to treat. Data collectors were independent from implementers.ResultsIn July–August 2017, 621 pregnant women and primary caregivers of children<15 months were enrolled (group n=160, combined n=160, control n=301). At endline, immediately following intervention completion (July–August 2018), 574 participants were assessed (group n=144, combined n=149, control n=281). Primary caregivers in both intervention arms participated in more play activities than control caregivers (age-adjusted means: group 4.22, 95% CI 3.97 to 4.47; combined 4.77, 4.60 to 4.96; control 3.24, 3.05 to 3.39), and provided a larger variety of play materials (age-adjusted means: group 3.63, 3.31 to 3.96; combined 3.81, 3.62 to 3.99; control 2.48, 2.34 to 2.59). Compared with the control arm, children in the group arm had higher total ASQi scores (adjusted mean difference in standardised scores: 0.39, 0.15 to 0.64), while in the combined arm scores were not significantly different from the control (0.25, –0.07 to 0.54).ConclusionOur findings suggest that group-based, multicomponent interventions can be effective at improving child development outcomes in rural Bangladesh, and that they have the potential to be delivered at scale.Trial registration numberThe trial is registered in ISRCTN (ISRCTN16001234).

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