Analysis of soil physical properties and infiltration rates for various landuses at Gunung Dahu Research Forest, Bogor District, West Java Province

AbstractAgricultural systems produce both detrimental and beneficial effects on soil quality (SQ). We compared soil physical properties of long-term conventional (CON) and alternative (ALT) cropping systems near Akron, Colorado (CO); Brookings, South Dakota (SD); Bushland, Texas (TX); Fargo, North Dakota (ND); Mandan (ND); Mead, Nebraska (NE); Sidney, Montana (MT); and Swift Current, Saskatchewan (SK), Canada. Objectives were to quantify the changes in soil physical attributes in cropping systems and assess the potential of individual soil attributes as sensitive indicators of change in SQ. Soil samples were collected three times per year from each treatment at each site for one rotation cycle (4 years at Brookings and Mead). Water infiltration rates were measured. Soil bulk density (BD) and gravimetric water were measured at 0–7.5, 7.5–15, and 15–30 cm depth increments and water-filled pore space ratio (WFPS) was calculated. At six locations, a rotary sieve was used to separate soil (top 5 cm) into six aggregate size groups and calculate mean weight diameter (MWD) of dry aggregates. Under the CON system at Brookings, dry aggregates (>19 mm) abraded into the smallest size class (<0.4 mm) on sieving. In contrast, the large aggregates from the ALT system abraded into size classes between 2 and 6 mm. Dry aggregate size distribution (DASD) shows promise as an indicator of SQ related to susceptibility of soil to wind erosion. Aggregates from CON were least stable in water. Soil C was greater under ALT than CON for both Brookings and Mead. At other locations, MWD of aggregates under continuous crop or no tillage (ALT systems) was greater than MWD under CON. There was no crop system effect on water infiltration rates for locations having the same tillage within cropping system. Tillage resulted in increased, decreased, or unchanged near-surface BD. Because there was significant temporal variation in water infiltration, MWD, and BD, conclusions based on a single point-in-time observation should be avoided. Elevated WFPS at Fargo, Brookings, and Mead may have resulted in anaerobic soil conditions during a portion of the year. Repeated measurements of WFPS or DASD revealed important temporal characteristics of SQ that could be used to judge soil condition as affected by management.

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The effect of sheep trampling and grazing on soil physical properties and pasture growth for a red-brown earth

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9930317 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 317 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

APB Proffitt ◽

S Bendotti ◽

MR Howell ◽

J Eastham

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Soil Water ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Management Practice ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Pasture Production ◽

Infiltration Rates ◽

Structural Deterioration

The experiment reported examined the effect of sheep trampling and grazing during wet conditions on soil physical properties and pasture growth over three winter seasons. The soil type studied was a structurally unstable sandy clay loam (a calcic red-brown earth) located in a dryland agricultural area (307 mm average annual rainfall) of Western Australia. Deferred grazing was investigated as a management option to reduce structural deterioration at the soil surface. Changes in soil physical properties as a result of trampling were related to soil water storage and pasture productivity. Infiltration rates were reduced as a result of sheep trampling, but there were no measurable changes in soil bulk density. Differences in pasture production between continuously grazed and ungrazed treatments were related to the amount of stored soil water, which in turn was related to infiltration rates. Pasture root growth during the season was also reduced as a result of trampling. Deferred grazing yielded the same quantity of biomass for feed over the reduced period available for grazing and proved to be a beneficial management practice since reasonably high infiltration rates were maintained. Results from the study also indicated that pasture must be adequately grazed to reduce leaf area later in the season when evaporative demand increases. A high leaf area over this time period may result in early pasture senescence.

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Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p87 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos ◽

Fabrício Tondello Barbosa ◽

Ildegardis Bertol ◽

Romeu De Souza Werner ◽

Neuro Hilton Wolschick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Infiltration Rates ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Different Types

Studying the changes in soil properties caused by different land uses allows measures to be adopted that will reduce the risk of future negative effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and quantify water infiltration for different types of land use in the Santa Catarina Plateau of southern Brazil. The research was conducted on a 1,200 ha rural property. The land use types selected were natural forest (NF), planted pine (PP), crop-livestock integration (CLI), and burned natural rangeland (BR). A sample survey was carried out in nine different areas for each land use. Samples were collected from four soil layers and the soil bulk density (Bd), total porosity (Tp), and macropore (Ma), micropore (Mi), and biopore (Bio) volumes were measured. Water infiltration tests were performed to obtain the initial (ii) and final (fi) water infiltration rates into the soil, and the total amount of water that had infiltrated the soil (Ti). In NF, Bd was lower and Tp was higher than in other types of land use. The forest vegetation (NF and PP) had higher Ma and Bio volumes in the superficial layers of the soil. Water infiltration was markedly different between land use types. The NF had the highest ii, fi, and Ti values followed by PP, whereas the CLI and BR areas had drastically lower infiltration parameters with BR having the lowest values. The variables ii, fi, and Ti correlated positively with Tp, Ma, and Bio, but negatively with Bd.

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