scholarly journals Grass ecosystems in agrolandscapes of the Yeletsky District of the Central Russian Province forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
I A Trofimov ◽  
L S Trofimova ◽  
E P Yakovleva ◽  
D M Teberdiev ◽  
A A Kutuzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Central Russian Upland ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Central Chernozem

Abstract In order to study the spatial distribution of biological and ecological patterns of grass ecosystems, we conducted an agrolandscape-ecological zoning of the territory of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia (CCR) on the basis of the author’s methodology. According to the zoning data, it is established that 75% of the territory of the CCR belongs to the forest-steppe zone. The Central Russian province of the forest-steppe zone covers 67% of the territory of the CCR. Yeletsky district occupies the eastern spurs of the Central Russian upland. The area of the district is 1929.7 thousand hectares. Most of the district (90%) is located in the Lipetsk region, 10% – in the Kursk region. In the past, the watersheds of the district were occupied by meadow steppes and partly oak forests. Currently, more than 80% of the district’s territory is occupied by agricultural land (arable land, pastures, hayfields). The structure of land is dominated by arable land-67% of the total area of the district, pastures occupy 11%, hayfields – 3%, forests – 7%, shrubs – 2%, under water and swamps – 1%, other land – 8%. The grass ecosystems of the meadow steppes preserved along the gullies and slopes are mainly used as natural grasslands (NG) and make up 79% of all NG of the Yelets District. The most common are the downed tipchak pastures on the slopes of different steepness. The yield of these pastures is 8–12 centners per hectare of dry eaten mass.

scholarly journals The main results of monitoring the fertility of arable soils in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem Region (on the example of the Belgorod)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
Artem Surinov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Central Chernozem

The paper analyzes the results of an agrochemical survey for 2010-2019 of arable soils of the Ivnyansky district of the Belgorod region, located in the south-west of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem region (CDR). It was found that in the soil and climatic conditions of this area for the period from 2010-2014 to 2015-2019. a decrease in the doses of applied mineral fertilizers from 126.6 to 122.8 kg/ha and a simultaneous increase in the doses of organic fertilizers from 18.3 to 23.1 t/ha contributed to an increase in the yield of winter wheat by 28.3%, spring barley - by 22.7%, corn for grain - by 24.7%, sugar beet - by 34.8%, sunflower - by 26.6% and soybeans - by 15.2%. At the same time, the content of mobile forms of phosphorus in soils increased by 29, potassium - by 53, sulfur - by 0.20, copper - by 0.51, manganese - by 3.61, cobalt - by 0.007 mg/kg, organic matter - by 0.25%. As a result of the implementation of measures for chemical reclamation of acidic soils on an area of 29.6 thousand hectares, the proportion of acidic soils decreased from 80.0 to 56.2%. Keywords: RECLAMATION, TRACE ELEMENTS, ORGANIC MATTER, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, FERTILIZERS, CHERNOZEM, FERTILITY, ACIDITY

scholarly journals Monitoring of the agrochemical state of agricultural chernozems of the forest-steppe zone of the central chernozem region of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
A.V. Surinov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Central Chernozem

The Borisovsky district of the Belgorod region, located in the south-west of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Forest Region, was chosen for the study. The study covered an 11-year period, during which 3 cycles of agrochemical soil survey were conducted in the district - in 2010, 2016 and 2020. Analyzing the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, an increase in crop yield indicators was noted. Thus, an increase in the dose of organic fertilizers (up to 1.96 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (up to 127.2 kg/ha) made it possible to obtain 5.13 t/ha of winter wheat, 4.19 t/ha of spring barley, 7.9 t/ha of corn for grain and 3.29 t/ha of sunflower seeds. In addition, the content of macro and microelements in the soil has changed. The active fight against soil acidity affected the content of available forms of phosphorus and zinc, the indicators of which decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Basic principles of reclaimed agricultural landscapes sustainability formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Vasilyev ◽  
◽  
A. N. Babichev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Irrigated Lands

Purpose: to establish the basic principles of the organization of reclamed agricultural landscapes and to substantiate the use of the agricultural landscape approach in the organization of the territory. Materials and Methods. When preparing this article, the materials of Russian scientists dealing with the issues of soil fertility conservation and ecological sustainability of reclaimed agricultural landscapes were considered. The methods used were analysis, generalization, synthesis and other methods of working with literary sources on this issue. Results. In performing the work, the main principles and indicators were determined, such as productivity, sustainability, the rule of transforming measures for the natural environment, optimization of the agricultural landscape, authenticity, principles of the formation of reclaimed agricultural landscapes, the complexity of the reclamation impact, the required diversity, the uniqueness of the reclamation impact. The basic requirements for the preservation of soil fertility of reclaimed irrigated agricultural landscape have been established. It was found that to maintain ecological balance within the irrigated agricultural landscape, it is necessary to adhere to the indicators of the reclamation load of the natural environment. The limits of agricultural lands saturation in reclaimed agricultural landscapes for various agro-climatic zones have been substantiated and recommended. Conclusions. It has been determined that the coefficient of reclamation loading of irrigated lands, showing the maximum share of irrigated lands that can be irrigated in a particular climatic zone, varies from 0.3 in the forest-steppe zone to 0.60–0.85 in the semi-desert and desert zone. This suggests that with an increase in moisture supply, this indicator decreases, the recommended amount of agricultural land in various agroclimatic zones varies from 30 to 87 %, while the area of arable land should not exceed 20–25 % in a very dry zone, and with an increase in moisture supply, it can increase up to 80 % in the semi-arid zone. The amount of irrigated land in the reclaimed agricultural landscape should not exceed 18–20 %. Irrigated meadows and pastures should account for 1–2 to 5–6 % of the area.

scholarly journals Influence of means of chemicalixation on efficiency of field crop rotations in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Valerii Viktorovich Chibis
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Feed Protein

Results of researches of efficiency in short crop rotation with busy steam are given in this article. Researches were conducted in the Omsk district of the Omsk region on typical black soil, with the maintenance of humus of 6.7% (in a layer of earth of 0-30 cm).  Cultivation of field cultures against the background of application of means of chemicalixation was carried out in a crop rotation the occupied steam (green manure) – wheat – barley – oats. During the conducted researches the quantity and dynamics of moisture, the maintenance of the main macrocells in the soil, and efficiency of all crop rotation was defined. The received results allow to draw a conclusion that in a crop rotation with busy steam and four fields at application of means of chemicalixation the increase of a harvest of the first wheat for 45.2%, barley repeatedly 31.5% and oats for 9.9% is noted. Application of fertilizers, at the rate of N30P30 on 1 hectare of an arable land, and herbicides, provided increase in productivity grain on 0.53 t/hectare, an exit of grain of 0.44 t/hectare, and feed-protein units to 1.29 t/hectare. The resulting materials can be used in the development of crop rotations schemes for forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals To the potential of advancing development of the steppes of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95
Author(s):  
S.V. Levykin ◽  
G.V. Kazachkov ◽  
V.P. Chibilyova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Forest Use

The article is devoted to the potential of advanced development of the steppes of Russia. The existing steppe land-use is considered as the result of four megaprojects: “Stalin’s plan for the transformation of nature”, Tselina, radical reforms of the 1990s, and Russia’s accession to the WTO. The sustainable ideological legacy of these mutually exclusive and unfinished projects were: extremely difficult to change the type of use for arable land, priority of compensatory forest use in forest-deficient regions, prohibition of grassland farming systems, idealization of the role of shelter forests and reservoirs, underestimation of ecological-economic services by steppes, especially carbon deposition. The described potential of advancing development of the steppe zone, as well as its natural, historical and scientific prerequisites for its implementation justify the need to develop and implement a national project entitled “Russia’s Steppes: Yield, Diversification of Land Use, Stable Productivity, Environmental Rehabilitation”/ The article outlines the basics of its program. The study of steppe is considered as a center of convergence of sciences for the development and implementation of such a project. The essence of the project is to bring the structure of agricultural land and steppe land use into compliance with the natural prerequisites with the achievement of long-term non-destructive use and a fundamental increase in hectare output.The main components of the project are: equal rights of natural zones in the agrarian policy, adjustment of WTO obligations to support agriculture, new steppe land management, intensive field crops technologies, marbled meat of adaptive cattle breeds and ranching, carbon deposition, steppe reviling, steppe ecotourism.

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