scholarly journals Reverse Logistics Analysis on Household Electronic Waste Management Using System Dynamics Simulation Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
N J Putri ◽  
R D Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Formal Sector

Abstract E-waste is the fastest-growing type of waste in the world. The formal sector can play a role in managing waste according to environmental standards and minimizing the risk of fraction recovery with supporting facilities. However, the formal sector of e-waste management simply cannot compete with its informal sector, which has a dominant role in Indonesia. This study aims to identify what factors influence formal sector e-waste management, how it is currently performing, and to design better policies for e-waste management. This research uses the System Dynamics approach to view the complex systems of e-waste management holistically. In Jakarta, public awareness and the competition with the informal sector were the biggest challenge in this industry. The results show that public awareness-raising policies can gradually improve reverse logistics performance and economic benefits. In addition, the WEEE Processing Fund policy can double the performance and economic benefits.

Empirical Investigation of Formal and Informal Sectors in Waste Recycling of the Municipal Waste Management System of Developing Countries: The Case Study of Lagos State

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo Salau ◽  
Lalita Sen ◽  
Samuel Osho ◽  
Oluwatoyin Adejonwo-Osho
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

Municipalities in metropolitan cities of developing countries often find it difficult to cope with the onerous task of providing waste services to their citizens due to financial constraints and poor infrastructure.  In most of these cities, waste collection services are grossly inadequate as less than half the population is served with regular and efficient waste services.  However, the shortcomings of the formal waste management system are compensated by the activities of the informal sector engaged in waste collection and make significant contributions to the MWMS through material recovery and waste recycling. In view of this, the study focuses on the roles of the formal and informal sector in municipal waste management with regards to their impacts on the recycling rate of Lagos State. In this study, we measured and compared the recycling rates between the formal and informal sectors to determine their impacts on the recycling rates of Lagos State. The study relies on primary field data, site visits and observations backed by secondary sources to investigate the range of informal sector activities in comparison to the formal sector. The findings indicate that, while both sub-sectors play significant roles in the MWMS, the informal recycling activities contribute more to the recycling rate of Lagos state than the formal sector.

scholarly journals Application of Co-Production in Waste Management Through Waste Banks Program in Batu City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Sulung Satriyo Irkham ◽  
Muhammad Kamil ◽  
Saiman H
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
System Program

The problem of waste in Batu City can threaten tourism sector in this city. The Waste Management System Program is held by the Environment Agency (DLH) Batu City seems to be unable to access waste problems in the upstream sector, particularly  household waste from residential settlements. This lack capacity of the program followed up by DLH by organizing a waste bank program through the establishment of the Community Waste Bank (KBS) Kartini Sejati which coordinated around 60 waste banks in Batu City to be involved in waste management.This study aims to explain the involvement of KBS Kartini Sejati in waste management in co-production and the obstacles faced by it. The concept of co-production refer to an alternative concept in the implementation of public services where implementation focuses on the dominant role of the community, while the government or other parties such as the private sector are only facilitators. This research  use qualitative method by utilizing data from observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that KBS Kartini Sejati in several of its activities which include training in waste management, waste management, and "Sapu Bersih Sanpah Nyemplung Kali" (Saberpungli) have applied the principles of co-production. It is due to those activities have implemented six co-production principles, namely the development of community capacity, mutually beneficial relationships between actors, network development, the government as a facilitator and catalyst, and the community as an important asset in implementing services. However, in its implementation, the waste bank program still has several obstacles such as the limitations of the budgetary resources, the decreasing level of public awareness to be active in waste banks, and the lack of innovation in waste managementKeywords: Co-production; waste management, waste bank

scholarly journals Assessment of the Fragility of the Municipal Waste Sector in Serbia Using System Dynamics Modelling

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Miloš Jovičić ◽  
Goran B. Bošković ◽  
Nebojša Jovičić ◽  
Marija Savković ◽  
Ivan Mačužić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Current Form ◽  
System Dynamics Modelling ◽  
Dynamics Modelling ◽  
Waste Sector

This research develops a novel methodology for municipal waste management in Serbia, based on system dynamics modelling. The methodology shows how a country and relevant institutions should address complexities in the waste management sector. Waste management is a critical issue globally, which heavily impacts the economic development of a country, including the general quality of life within a society. The designed simulation generates different scenarios of the Serbian municipal waste system for reaching the 2035 recycling rate targets. Methodologies such as the theory of constraints, fragility analysis, and systems dynamics were implemented in the model. The scenarios and fragility modelling were conducted with the system dynamics modelling methodology in the Ventity simulation environment. The designed model has elements of discrete event simulations, system dynamics, and agent-based modelling. Importantly, real-world data for the period of five years (from the year 2016 to 2020) was used in the case study. This research undoubtedly reveals that the informal sector is the key source of fragility to the dynamic system considered. During the considered period, the informal sector contributed 62.3% of all separated waste to the system. Consequently, this research concludes that for the waste sector in Serbia to reach the 2035 EU goals, the existing practice in waste management has to be changed significantly and will benefit from the modelling approach used here. The whole system is highly dependent on the informal sector, which, in its current form, is volatile, unregulated, and fragile to aggressive regulative policies.

scholarly journals Public awareness, involvement, and practices in electronic waste management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Abenezer Kitila ◽  
Solomon Woldemikael
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Service Department ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
General Service

Following the upsurge of technological developments escorted with scale economies, the electronic industry has decidedly growing and brought one of the major environmental problem known as electronic waste or e-waste. In particular, this study investigates the public awareness about e-waste and the level of engagement in e-waste management practices. The survey covers household heads, general service department workers and higher governmental officials of Addis Ababa. The findings discovered that households’ level of awareness about e-waste and its management was much lower than the general service department personnel and higher governmental officials. Evidently, the ordinal regression outputs has revealed statistically significant results between the sub-cities as well as the educational institutions and governmental sector offices. It also appears that respondent’s educational qualifications and monthly incomes had unequivocally affects the awareness and engagement level. E-waste is considered and treated like other types of municipal solid wastes. It is ostensible that there were newly purchased electronic equipment but which are not yet serviceable due to the absence of manuals, their sizes and designs and lack of knowhow. Therefore, in view of these veracities, the study discernibly highlighted the implications of the existing status and suggests certain recommendations to raise public awareness on e-waste.

scholarly journals A System Dynamics Modelling Approach for Electronic Waste Recycling after Floods in Jakarta and New Orleans

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Ilir Deva ◽  
◽  
Renata van der Weijden ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Valuable Metals ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Post Disaster

Due to climate change, flood-related disasters are expected to increase. Floods generate enormous amounts of waste, including electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste should be recovered not only because it can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment but also because of the valuable metals contained in it. In this study, a system dynamics model based on current practices and waste management was established using Vensim to determine the revenue that can be generated by e-waste recycling after floods in two socio-geographic and economic contexts: Jakarta and New Orleans. At current recovery rates, the formal systems employed for recovering valuable materials would yield 8% (€58 million) and 14% (€80 million) of the potential yield for the Jakarta and New Orleans models, respectively. Moreover, the model estimated that informal e-waste recycling would yield €1.2 billion. The model also highlighted several problems encountered in post-disaster waste management in both scenarios, such as low capacities of temporary storage sites, increased landfilling rates, low yields of recovered e-waste components, and limitations on the transportation of waste. For optimizing the recovery of valuable metals, regulations addressing e-waste must be implemented more thoroughly, and post-disaster waste management guidelines must be revised to contextually address flood disasters. When more data are available, an improved model can be established and used as a basis for policymaking to improve the infrastructure of solid waste management to optimize e-waste recovery.

A model to rapidly assess informal electronic waste systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2093222
Author(s):  
John-Michael Davis
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
The Core ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Study Offer

Electronic waste (e-waste) policies have traditionally been based on extended producer responsibility (EPR) principles. In practice, EPR-based e-waste policies primarily involve the creation of regulated collection and recycling channels, with success tied to achieving high collection quotas. However, the majority of EPR programs, particularly those in the Global South, have achieved little success due to competition with the informal sector. Despite this, strikingly little is known of the scope and dynamics of informal e-waste flows and actors during the formulation of e-waste management policies. This study develops and pilots a replicable three-stage model for solid waste researchers, practitioners and policymakers to rapidly assess these informal e-waste systems. This model is demonstrated in Cuenca, Ecuador, and determined the destination of 50–80% of Cuenca’s e-waste over a period of three days. The methods used and findings that emerge from this study offer a strategy to rapidly quantify and understand the dynamics of informal e-waste systems to inform EPR-based policies in ways that place informal recyclers at the core of e-waste management. This not only provides creative opportunities for formal systems to achieve e-waste collection quotas through partnerships with the informal sector, but offers a pathway to preserve the livelihoods of marginalized populations reliant on e-waste recycling and decrease environmental harm.

scholarly journals Techno-economic Influence on Malaysia’s Solar Thermal Installation for Heating Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Anis Sabirin Baharom ◽  
Nofri Yenita Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Heat Process ◽  
Economic Influence ◽  
System Dynamics Simulation

This paper presents System Dynamics simulation and Techno-Economic analysis to estimate the techno-economic benefits and reliabilities of solar heating. The study focuses only on industrial heat process in Malaysia. The main objective of the current work was to investigate the solar thermal installation feasibility by Malaysian industrial heat process for next 20 years. The solar thermal installation was measured through the techno-economic feasibility (TEF) study by developing the TEF model using System Dynamics Simulation (SDS). subsidy, net solar thermal cost, and NPV are used as economic influence factors. System performance, solar thermal life time, energy, solar fraction and size of collector area are used as technical influence parameters. Results have shown that the economic factor has a bigger influence on solar thermal installation capacity in Malaysia. The technical factors only contribute small percentage to the installation percentage. Policy maker could benefit from the outcomes obtained as a guideline.

scholarly journals Application of Co-Production in Waste Management Through Waste Banks Program in Batu City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Sulung Satriyo Irkham ◽  
Muhammad Kamil ◽  
Saiman H
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
System Program

The problem of waste in Batu City can threaten tourism sector in this city. The Waste Management System Program is held by the Environment Agency (DLH) Batu City seems to be unable to access waste problems in the upstream sector, particularly  household waste from residential settlements. This lack capacity of the program followed up by DLH by organizing a waste bank program through the establishment of the Community Waste Bank (KBS) Kartini Sejati which coordinated around 60 waste banks in Batu City to be involved in waste management.This study aims to explain the involvement of KBS Kartini Sejati in waste management in co-production and the obstacles faced by it. The concept of co-production refer to an alternative concept in the implementation of public services where implementation focuses on the dominant role of the community, while the government or other parties such as the private sector are only facilitators. This research  use qualitative method by utilizing data from observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that KBS Kartini Sejati in several of its activities which include training in waste management, waste management, and "Sapu Bersih Sanpah Nyemplung Kali" (Saberpungli) have applied the principles of co-production. It is due to those activities have implemented six co-production principles, namely the development of community capacity, mutually beneficial relationships between actors, network development, the government as a facilitator and catalyst, and the community as an important asset in implementing services. However, in its implementation, the waste bank program still has several obstacles such as the limitations of the budgetary resources, the decreasing level of public awareness to be active in waste banks, and the lack of innovation in waste managementKeywords: Co-production; waste management, waste bank

scholarly journals Application of Co-Production in Waste Management Through Waste Banks Program in Batu City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Sulung Satriyo Irkham ◽  
Muhammad Kamil ◽  
Saiman H
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
System Program

The problem of waste in Batu City can threaten tourism sector in this city. The Waste Management System Program is held by the Environment Agency (DLH) Batu City seems to be unable to access waste problems in the upstream sector, particularly  household waste from residential settlements. This lack capacity of the program followed up by DLH by organizing a waste bank program through the establishment of the Community Waste Bank (KBS) Kartini Sejati which coordinated around 60 waste banks in Batu City to be involved in waste management.This study aims to explain the involvement of KBS Kartini Sejati in waste management in co-production and the obstacles faced by it. The concept of co-production refer to an alternative concept in the implementation of public services where implementation focuses on the dominant role of the community, while the government or other parties such as the private sector are only facilitators. This research  use qualitative method by utilizing data from observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that KBS Kartini Sejati in several of its activities which include training in waste management, waste management, and "Sapu Bersih Sanpah Nyemplung Kali" (Saberpungli) have applied the principles of co-production. It is due to those activities have implemented six co-production principles, namely the development of community capacity, mutually beneficial relationships between actors, network development, the government as a facilitator and catalyst, and the community as an important asset in implementing services. However, in its implementation, the waste bank program still has several obstacles such as the limitations of the budgetary resources, the decreasing level of public awareness to be active in waste banks, and the lack of innovation in waste managementKeywords: Co-production; waste management, waste bank

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