scholarly journals Diversity in the observed functionality of dams and reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghun Kam
Keyword(s):  
Data Center ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Hydrologic Response ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Potential Indicator ◽  
Considerable Impact

Abstract Knowledge and modeling of the observed functionality of dams and reservoirs are desirable for better water resources management. In this study, we examine the functionality of dams and reservoirs over much of the globe through a hydroclimate assessment over 990 Global Runoff Data Center stations that have at least one dam/reservoir over the corresponding drainage areas and available streamflow records of at least 25 years. To quantify the potential capacity of human disturbance/alteration, annual cumulative maximum storage (CMS) of the dams are computed and then annual potential changes in the residence time of water (PRT; CMS divided by annual mean monthly flow) are assessed. In addition, the Man-Kendall tests for annual maximum, mean, and minimum monthly streamflow, and drainage area-averaged precipitation are conducted. Results show that the size of CMS and the main purpose have an explanatory power of the designed hydrologic response (i.e., flattening of the seasonality) while 6% of dam-affected stations experienced the opposite hydrologic response (intensifying of the seasonality) due to the overwhelming impact of anthropogenic climate change. This study finds that the magnitude of PRT is a potential indicator to identify a considerable impact of dams and reservoirs for the regional hydrologic regime. The findings of this study suggest diversity in the observed functionality of dams and reservoirs, which is still a challenge in global hydrological modeling.

New Transboundary Hydrographic Data Set for Advancing Regional Hydrological Modeling and Water Resources Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 06019004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacey A. Mason ◽  
Andrew D. Gronewold ◽  
Michael Laitta ◽  
David Gochis ◽  
Kevin Sampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Hydrographic Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Resources Management

Comparison of TRMM Data with Rain Gauge Observations in the Upper Huaihe River Basin of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3385-3390
Author(s):  
Josephine Osei-Kwarteng ◽  
Qiong Fang Li ◽  
Kwaku Amaning Adjei
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Rain Gauge Station ◽  
Huaihe River ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Rain Gage ◽  
Gauge Station ◽  
Trmm 3B42

In this study, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) version 7 satellite rainfall product, TRMM 3B42 (V7), was validated using rain gauge measurements in the Upper Huaihe Basin, China. This validation was carried out at monthly and annual temporal scales for an 11-year period using four selected grids with six, four, two and one rain gauge station (s) located within the TRMM grid respectively; the rain gage measurements for grids with more than one rain gauge were averaged. This study found that the validation of the TRMM dataset in grids where there were adequate rain gauge were present to capture the distributed and stochastic nature of rainfall with very good correlation (0.87-0.94) and with very little relative bias when the rain gage accumulations were compared with the TRMM estimates. From the study we found that the TRMM dataset can be used as precipitation input for hydrological modeling at monthly and annual scales for sustainable water resources management in the Upper Huaihe River and even in un-gaged or sparsely gaged basins in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals How hierarchical is language use?

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1747) ◽  
pp. 4522-4531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan L. Frank ◽  
Rens Bod ◽  
Morten H. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Hierarchical Processing ◽  
Sequential Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Evolutionary Continuity

It is generally assumed that hierarchical phrase structure plays a central role in human language. However, considerations of simplicity and evolutionary continuity suggest that hierarchical structure should not be invoked too hastily. Indeed, recent neurophysiological, behavioural and computational studies show that sequential sentence structure has considerable explanatory power and that hierarchical processing is often not involved. In this paper, we review evidence from the recent literature supporting the hypothesis that sequential structure may be fundamental to the comprehension, production and acquisition of human language. Moreover, we provide a preliminary sketch outlining a non-hierarchical model of language use and discuss its implications and testable predictions. If linguistic phenomena can be explained by sequential rather than hierarchical structure, this will have considerable impact in a wide range of fields, such as linguistics, ethology, cognitive neuroscience, psychology and computer science.

scholarly journals Comparison Study of Multiple Precipitation Forcing Data on Hydrological Modeling and Projection in the Qujiang River Basin

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyu Song ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xianyong Meng ◽  
Yuyan Zhou ◽  
Yuequn Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Key Factor

As a key factor in the water cycle and climate change, the quality of precipitation data directly affects the hydrological processes of the river basin. Although many precipitation products with high spatial and temporal resolutions are now widely used, it is meaningful and necessary to investigate and evaluate their merits and demerits in hydrological applications. In this study, two satellite-based precipitation products (Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission, TRMM; Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM, IMERG) and one reanalysis precipitation product (China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, CMADS) are studied to compare their streamflow simulation performance in the Qujiang River Basin, China, using the SWAT model with gauged rainfall data as a reference. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) CMADS has stronger precipitation detection capabilities compared to gauged rainfall, while TRMM results in the most obvious overestimation in the four sub-basins. (2) In daily and monthly streamflow simulations, CMADS + SWAT mode offers the best performance. CMADS and IMERG can provide high quality precipitation data for data-scarce areas, and IMERG can effectively avoid the overestimation of streamflow caused by TRMM, especially on a daily scale. (3) The runoff projections of the three modes under RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 was higher than that of RCP 8.5 on the whole. IMERG + SWAT overestimates the surface water resources of the basin compared to CMADS + SWAT, while TRMM + SWAT provides the most stable uncertainty. These findings contribute to the comparison of the differences among the three precipitation products and provides a reference for the selection of precipitation data in similar regions.

scholarly journals Effect of Watershed Delineation and Climate Datasets Density on Runoff Predictions for the Upper Mississippi River Basin Using SWAT within HAWQS

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Manyu Chen ◽  
Yuanlai Cui ◽  
Philip W. Gassman ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Mississippi River Basin ◽  
Hydrologic Response ◽  
Upper Mississippi River ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Watershed Delineation ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Upper Mississippi River Basin

The quality of input data and the process of watershed delineation can affect the accuracy of runoff predictions in watershed modeling. The Upper Mississippi River Basin was selected to evaluate the effects of subbasin and/or hydrologic response unit (HRU) delineations and the density of climate dataset on the simulated streamflow and water balance components using the Hydrologic and Water Quality System (HAWQS) platform. Five scenarios were examined with the same parameter set, including 8- and 12-digit hydrologic unit codes, two levels of HRU thresholds and two climate data densities. Results showed that statistic evaluations of monthly streamflow from 1983 to 2005 were satisfactory at some gauge sites but were relatively worse at others when shifting from 8-digit to 12-digit subbasins, revealing that the hydrologic response to delineation schemes can vary across a large basin. Average channel slope and drainage density increased significantly from 8-digit to 12-digit subbasins. This resulted in higher lateral flow and groundwater flow estimates, especially for the lateral flow. Moreover, a finer HRU delineation tends to generate more runoff because it captures a refined level of watershed spatial variability. The analysis of climate datasets revealed that denser climate data produced higher predicted runoff, especially for summer months.

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