Whole-Blastocyst Culture Followed by Laser Drilling Technology Enhances the Efficiency of ICM Isolation and ESC Derivation from Good- and Poor-Quality Mouse Embryos: New Insights for Derivation of hESC Lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Cortes ◽  
L. Sánchez ◽  
P. Catalina ◽  
F. Cobo ◽  
C. Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
Laser Drilling ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Blastocyst Culture ◽  
Esc Derivation ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
Hesc Lines

scholarly journals Derivation of Two New Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines from Nonviable Human Embryos

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Gavrilov ◽  
Darja Marolt ◽  
Nataki C. Douglas ◽  
Robert W. Prosser ◽  
Imran Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Stem Cell Lines ◽  
Hesc Lines ◽  
Hesc Derivation

We report the derivation and characterization of two new human embryonic stem cells (hESC) lines (CU1 and CU2) from embryos with an irreversible loss of integrated organismic function. In addition, we analyzed retrospective data of morphological progression from embryonic day (ED) 5 to ED6 for 2480 embryos not suitable for clinical use to assess grading criteria indicative of loss of viability on ED5. Our analysis indicated that a large proportion ofin vitrofertilization (IVF) embryos not suitable for clinical use could be used for hESC derivation. Based on these combined findings, we propose that criteria commonly used in IVF clinics to determine optimal embryos for uterine transfer can be employed to predict the potential for hESC derivation from poor quality embryos without the destruction of vital human embryos.

Laser Drilling on Elastomeric Polymers

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Chun Lei Kang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Kai Leung Yung ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Laser Drilling ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
Micro Features ◽  
Micro Structures

Elastomeric polymers have been used as moulds for fabricating micro structures in the soft lithography technology due to their elastic features and unstickiness to polymer features. Previously, the micro moulds were normally produced by imprinting on micro prototypes, which are fabricated using deep reactive etching or photolithography. In this paper, we introduce a direct mould fabrication method, which uses pulsed laser drilling technology to directly generate high aspect ratio patterns in elastomeric polymers. The effects of laser parameters such as pulse repetition rate and average power on the drilling qualities are systematically studied. The techniques presented in this paper would provide a more flexible way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro features on elastomer mould efficiently.

Temperature Fields Characteristics on Removal Rock by High-Energy Lasers

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Xian Zhong Yi ◽  
Wei Guo Ma ◽  
Zi Long Cai ◽  
Sheng Zong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fundamental Equation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Laser Drilling ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Rock Destruction ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
The Galerkin Method

Laser drilling technology is a new feasible and developing method of rock destruction. The unified modeling method of laser and rock interaction is a complicated subject of heat transfer science. According to the energy conservation law, the fundamental equation of heat transfer is established. Some primary parameters such as enthalpy, thermal conductivity and specific heat are simplified respectively on the liquid-gas interface or the liquid-solid interface. The general mathematical model of temperature fields on laser drilling process is proposed. Using the Galerkin method, the numerical investigation of a practical example in laser drilling rock is analyzed.

Human Adenovirus Uptake by Preirnplantation Mouse Embryos

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
D. G. Chase ◽  
W. Winters ◽  
L. Piko
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cells ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Equilibrium Density ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Virus Attachment ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Embryo Culture Medium ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Mouse Cells

Although the outlines of human adenovirus entry and uncoating in HeLa cells has been clarified in recent electron microscope studies, several details remain unclear or controversial. Furthermore, morphological features of early interactions of human adenovirus with non-permissive mouse cells have not been extensively documented. In the course of studies on the effects of human adenoviruses type 5 (AD-5) and type 12 on cultured preimplantation mouse embryos we have examined virus attachment, entry and uncoating. Here we present the ultrastructural findings for AD-5.AD-5 was grown in HeLa cells and purified by successive velocity gradient and equilibrium density gradient centrifugations in CsCl. After dialysis against PBS, virus was sedimented and resuspended in embryo culture medium. Embryos were placed in culture at the 2-cell stage in Brinster's medium.

Preplate neurons in embryonic mouse cortex: Ultrastructural observations using photoconversion of the fluorescent lipophilic dye dil

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 906-907
Author(s):  
Linda C. Hassinger ◽  
James E. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Mouse ◽  
Cortical Afferents ◽  
Mouse Cortex ◽  
Carbocyanine Dye ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

We have begun to look directly at small numbers of afferent axons to early generated neurons that form the preplate in the developing mouse cortex. The carbocyanine dye Dil (1’1, dioctadecyl-3,3,3’3’-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine) has proved especially useful for this goal. DiI labels axons and their terminals with greater sensitivity and without some of the disadvantages of axon filling with HRP. The increased sensitivity provided by labeling embryonic axons with DiI has given us new insights into the development of cortical afferents. For instance, we reported originally that afferents from the thalamus were present below the cortex as early as embryonic day 15 (E15) based on HRP injections into mouse embryos. By using DiI placements into the thalamus in aldehyde-fixed brains, we now know that thalamic fibers reach the cortex 24 hrs earlier.

Localization of Intracisternal a Particle Antigens in Neoplastic Cells and Preimplantation Mouse Embryos

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
Thomas T.F. Huang ◽  
Patricia G. Calarco
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Intracisternal A Particle ◽  
Normal Feature

The stage specific appearance of a retravirus, termed the Intracisternal A particle (IAP) is a normal feature of early preimplantation development. To date, all feral and laboratory strains of Mus musculus and even Asian species such as Mus cervicolor and Mus pahari express the particles during the 2-8 cell stages. IAP form by budding into the endoplasmic reticulum and appear singly or as groups of donut-shaped particles within the cisternae (fig. 1). IAP are also produced in large numbers in several neoplastic cells such as certain plasmacytomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. The role of IAP, either in normal development or in neoplastic behavior, is unknown.

Parasite defense mechanisms in bees: behavior, immunity, antimicrobials, and symbionts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Fowler ◽  
Rebecca E. Irwin ◽  
Lynn S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immune Priming ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
And Function ◽  
Solitary Species

Parasites are linked to the decline of some bee populations; thus, understanding defense mechanisms has important implications for bee health. Recent advances have improved our understanding of factors mediating bee health ranging from molecular to landscape scales, but often as disparate literatures. Here, we bring together these fields and summarize our current understanding of bee defense mechanisms including immunity, immunization, and transgenerational immune priming in social and solitary species. Additionally, the characterization of microbial diversity and function in some bee taxa has shed light on the importance of microbes for bee health, but we lack information that links microbial communities to parasite infection in most bee species. Studies are beginning to identify how bee defense mechanisms are affected by stressors such as poor-quality diets and pesticides, but further research on this topic is needed. We discuss how integrating research on host traits, microbial partners, and nutrition, as well as improving our knowledge base on wild and semi-social bees, will help inform future research, conservation efforts, and management.

The Impact of Missing and Error-Prone Auxiliary Information on Sparse-Matrix Sub-Population Parameter Estimates

Methodology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Rutkowski ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sparse Matrix ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Population Parameter ◽  
Conditioning Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Given a consistent interest in comparing achievement across sub-populations in international assessments such as TIMSS, PIRLS, and PISA, it is critical that sub-population achievement is estimated reliably and with sufficient precision. As such, we systematically examine the limitations to current estimation methods used by these programs. Using a simulation study along with empirical results from the 2007 cycle of TIMSS, we show that a combination of missing and misclassified data in the conditioning model induces biases in sub-population achievement estimates, the magnitude and degree to which can be readily explained by data quality. Importantly, estimated biases in sub-population achievement are limited to the conditioning variable with poor-quality data while other sub-population achievement estimates are unaffected. Findings are generally in line with theory on missing and error-prone covariates. The current research adds to a small body of literature that has noted some of the limitations to sub-population estimation.

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