Benign Pleural and Parenchymal Diseases Associated with Asbestos Exposure

Oral hygiene is defined as the practice of keeping the mouth clean and healthy, by brushing and flossing to prevent the occurrence of any gum diseases like periodontitis or gingivitis. The main aim of oral health hygiene is to prevent the buildup of plaque, which is defined as a sticky film of bacteria and food formed on the teeth. The coastal guard is an official who is employed to watch the sea near a coast for ships that are in danger or involved with illegal activities. Coastal guards have high possibilities of being affected by mesothelioma or lung cancer due to asbestos exposure. So, a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was created and circulated among a hundred participants who were coastal guards, through Google forms. The responses were recorded and tabulated in the form of bar graphs. Out of a hundred participants, 52.4% were not aware of the fact that coastal guards have high chances of developing lung cancer and Mesothelioma. 53.7% were aware of the other oral manifestations of lung cancer other than bleeding gums. Majority of the coastal guards feel that they are given enough information about dental hygiene protocols. Hence, to conclude, oral hygiene habits have to be elaborated using various tools in the right manner to ensure better health of teeth and gums.

Download Full-text

SEOM clinical guidelines for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (2020)

Clinical & Translational Oncology ◽

10.1007/s12094-020-02532-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 980-987 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Nadal ◽

J. Bosch-Barrera ◽

S. Cedrés ◽

J. Coves ◽

R. García-Campelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Benefit ◽

Early Stage ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Tumor Board ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Dismal Prognosis ◽

Line Chemotherapy ◽

Multidisciplinary Tumor Board

AbstractMesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumour with dismal prognosis arising in the pleura and associated with asbestos exposure. Its incidence is on the rise worldwide. In selected patients with early-stage MPM, a maximal surgical cytoreduction in combination with additional antitumour treatment may be considered in selected patients assessed by a multidisciplinary tumor board. In patients with unresectable or advanced MPM, chemotherapy with platinum plus pemetrexed is the standard of care. Currently, no standard salvage therapy has been approved yet, but second-line chemotherapy with vinorelbine or gemcitabine is commonly used. Novel therapeutic approaches based on dual immunotherapy or chemotherapy plus immunotherapy demonstrated promising survival benefit and will probably be incorporated in the future.

Download Full-text

Asbestos Exposure in a Lung Cancer Screening Cohort in a US Veteran Population

CHEST Journal ◽

10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.859 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 152 (4) ◽

pp. A827

Author(s):

Nicholas Stickel ◽

Papia Sen ◽

Christian Kyung ◽

Abhijit Mahalingashetty ◽

Michael Cutaia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Lung Cancer Screening

Download Full-text

Asbestos Exposure Level and the Carcinogenic Risk Due to Corrugated Asbestos-Cement Slate Roofs in Korea

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18136925 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 6925

Author(s):

Eun-Soo Lee ◽

Young-Ki Kim

Keyword(s):

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Health Impact ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

University Hospital ◽

Exposure Level ◽

Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽

Indoor Exposure ◽

Asbestos Cement ◽

Environmental Causes

Asbestos-cement slate roofs are one of the most common environmental causes of asbestos exposure. However, few studies have examined residential asbestos-cement slate-related exposure and its effects on human health. This study was performed to evaluate cumulative asbestos exposure levels and to calculate the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of residents of asbestos-cement slate-roofed houses. We reviewed previous Korean literature to estimate the concentration of airborne asbestos from asbestos-cement slate roofed buildings. Finally, eight studies were selected, and a pooled analysis was performed. The results derived from the pooled analysis were combined with the data from a health impact survey conducted from 2009 to 2016 at the Environmental Health Center for Asbestos (EHCA) of the Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, and a carcinogenic risk assessment was performed. As a result, the representative value of the indoor exposure concentration related to asbestos-cement slate was found to be 0.0032 f/cc on average, and the representative value of the exposure related to occupational asbestos-cement slate dismantling and demolition was found to be 0.0034 f/cc. In addition, the ELCR of asbestos-cement slate related indoor exposure and occupational dismantling and demolition was found to be of medium risk, and the ELCR of residential dismantling and demolition of asbestos-cement slate was less than 10−6, indicating that the risk was low. Since there is no threshold for carcinogenicity related to asbestos, this should not be ignored even if the risk appears low, and it would be reasonable to calculate the carcinogenic risk based on total lifetime exposure. More studies on asbestos exposure scenarios and the scope of similar exposure groups through additional data collection and further analysis of risk are needed.

Download Full-text

P24.05 Malignant Mesothelioma Related to Environmental Asbestos Exposure in a Rural Area: 30-year Follow-up

Journal of Thoracic Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. S379

Author(s):

G. Ak ◽

S. Metintas ◽

E. Dundar ◽

M. Metintas

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Malignant Mesothelioma ◽

Asbestos Exposure

Download Full-text

Occupational Asbestos Exposure and Kidney Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

Annals of Work Exposures and Health ◽

10.1093/annweh/wxaa114 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chris C Y Pang ◽

Kevin Phan ◽

Md Nazmul Karim ◽

Afsana Afroz ◽

Matthew Winter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

International Agency ◽

Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Incidence Studies ◽

Incident Cases

Abstract Objectives An estimated 125 million workers are exposed to asbestos worldwide. Asbestos is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 1 carcinogen. The association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer is not well established however. This study aimed to determine the mortality and incidence of kidney cancer in workers who have been exposed to asbestos. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. Methods Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for articles on occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. The studies reported the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) or standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of kidney cancer in workers exposed to asbestos. SMRs or SIRs with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a fixed-effect model. Results Forty-nine cohort studies involving 335 492 workers were selected for analysis. These studies included 468 kidney cancer deaths and 160 incident cases. The overall pooled-SMR of kidney cancer was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86–1.05), with no significant heterogeneity (PQ = 0.09, I2 = 24.87%). The overall pooled-SIR of kidney cancer was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.79–1.11), with no significant heterogeneity (PQ = 0.68, I2 = 0.00%). Subgroup analysis did not find any increased association with occupational asbestos exposure. There was no evidence of publication bias with Egger’s test P values of 0.08 for mortality studies and 0.99 for incidence studies. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis did not show evidence of association between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer mortality or incidence.

Download Full-text

Primary pulmonary epithelioid sarcoma: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-02940-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eiki Mizutani ◽

Riichiro Morita ◽

Keiko Abe ◽

Makoto Kodama ◽

Shogo Kasai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Lung Tumor ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Epithelioid Sarcoma ◽

Whole Body ◽

Health Examination ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Primary Lung Tumor ◽

The Right

Abstract Background Epithelioid sarcoma most frequently occurs in the dermal or subcutaneous area of the distal extremities. To date, there have been three cases of primary pulmonary epithelioid sarcoma reported. We report a case of epithelioid sarcoma that is considered a primary lung tumor. Case presentation A 65-year-old asymptomatic Asian male patient underwent chest radiography during a routine health examination, and an abnormal mass was detected. His past medical history was unremarkable. He smoked 40 cigarettes every day and had slightly obstructive impairment on spirometry. He worked as an employee of a company and had no history of asbestos exposure. He underwent partial resection of the right lung by thoracoscopy. A histological examination of the tumor revealed a cellular nodule of epithelioid and spindle-shaped cells. Some of the tumor cells displayed rhabdoid features and reticular arrangement in a myxomatous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), CD34, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA); loss of the BAF47/INI1 protein in the tumor cells was also confirmed. A diagnosis of epithelioid sarcoma was established. Careful screening by whole-body positron emission tomography for another primary lesion after surgery did not detect any possible lesion. He had no cutaneous disease. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of a proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma considered as a primary lung tumor.

Download Full-text

Histopathological data of iron and calcium in the mouse lung after asbestos exposure

Data in Brief ◽

10.1016/j.dib.2016.01.026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 769-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elisa Trevisan ◽

Giuliano Zabucchi ◽

Lorella Pascolo ◽

Ernesto Pascotto ◽

Claudia Casarsa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Mouse Lung ◽

Iron And Calcium

Download Full-text

Digital Gene Expression Analysis of Epithelioid and Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma Reveals Differences in Immunogenicity

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13081761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1761

Author(s):

Luka Brcic ◽

Alexander Mathilakathu ◽

Robert F. H. Walter ◽

Michael Wessolly ◽

Elena Mairinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Antigen Processing ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Cytotoxic T Cells ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Gene Expression Pattern ◽

Digital Gene Expression ◽

Cell Interaction ◽

Time To Death ◽

Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignancy associated with asbestos exposure. Median survival ranges from 14 to 20 months after initial diagnosis. As of November 2020, the FDA approved a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors after promising intermediate results. Nonetheless, responses remain unsatisfying. Adequate patient stratification to improve response rates is still lacking. This retrospective study analyzed formalin fixed paraffin embedded specimens from a cohort of 22 MPM. Twelve of those samples showed sarcomatoid, ten epithelioid differentiation. Complete follow-up, including radiological assessment of response by modRECIST and time to death, was available with reported deaths of all patients. RNA of all samples was isolated and subjected to digital gene expression pattern analysis. Our study revealed a notable difference between epithelioid and sarcomatoid mesothelioma, showing differential gene expression for 304/698 expressed genes. Whereas antigen processing and presentation to resident cytotoxic T cells as well as phagocytosis is highly affected in sarcomatoid mesothelioma, cell–cell interaction via cytokines seems to be of greater importance in epithelioid cases. Our work reveals the specific role of the immune system within the different histologic subtypes of MPM, providing a more detailed background of their immunogenic potential. This is of great interest regarding therapeutic strategies including immunotherapy in mesothelioma.

Download Full-text