Music Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pfordresher
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Coordination ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Vocal Apparatus ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Communication And Coordination

Music performance involves precise motor control that is coordinated with higher order planning to convey complex structural information. In addition, music performance usually involves motor tasks that are not learned spontaneously (as in the use of the vocal apparatus), the reproduction of preestablished sequences (notated or from memory), and synchronized joint performance with one or more other musicians. Music performance also relies on a rich repertoire of musical knowledge that can be used for purposes of expressive variation and improvisation. As such, the study of music performance provides a way to explore learning, motor control, memory, and interpersonal coordination in the context of a real-world behavior. Music performance skills vary considerably in the population and reflect interactions between genetic predispositions and the effect of intensive practice. At the same time, research suggests that most individuals have the capacity to perform music through singing or learning an instrument, and in this sense music performance taps into a universal human propensity for communication and coordination with conspecifics.

scholarly journals Cerebellar Dysfunction in Adults with Prader Willi Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3320
Author(s):  
Laura Blanco-Hinojo ◽  
Laia Casamitjana ◽  
Jesus Pujol ◽  
Gerard Martínez-Vilavella ◽  
Susanna Esteba-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Correlation Pattern ◽  
Motor Processing

Severe hypotonia during infancy is a hallmark feature of Prader Willi syndrome (PWS). Despite its transient expression, moto development is delayed and deficiencies in motor coordination are present at older ages, with no clear pathophysiological mechanism yet identified. The diverse motor coordination symptoms present in adult PWS patients could be, in part, the result of a common alteration(s) in basic motor control systems. We aimed to examine the motor system in PWS using functional MRI (fMRI) during motor challenge. Twenty-three adults with PWS and 22 matched healthy subjects participated in the study. fMRI testing involved three hand motor tasks of different complexity. Additional behavioral measurements of motor function were obtained by evaluating hand grip strength, functional mobility, and balance. Whole brain activation maps were compared between groups and correlated with behavioral measurements. Performance of the motor tasks in PWS engaged the neural elements typically involved in motor processing. While our data showed no group differences in the simplest task, increasing task demands evoked significantly weaker activation in patients in the cerebellum. Significant interaction between group and correlation pattern with measures of motor function were also observed. Our study provides novel insights into the neural substrates of motor control in PWS by demonstrating reduced cerebellar activation during movement coordination.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC COREGISTRATION FOR MULTIVIEW SAR IMAGES IN URBAN AREAS

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xiang ◽  
W. Kang ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
H. You
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Reference Image ◽  
Building Detection ◽  
Phase Congruency ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Local Variance ◽  
Complex Structural

Due to the high resolution property and the side-looking mechanism of SAR sensors, complex buildings structures make the registration of SAR images in urban areas becomes very hard. In order to solve the problem, an automatic and robust coregistration approach for multiview high resolution SAR images is proposed in the paper, which consists of three main modules. First, both the reference image and the sensed image are segmented into two parts, urban areas and nonurban areas. Urban areas caused by double or multiple scattering in a SAR image have a tendency to show higher local mean and local variance values compared with general homogeneous regions due to the complex structural information. Based on this criterion, building areas are extracted. After obtaining the target regions, L-shape structures are detected using the SAR phase congruency model and Hough transform. The double bounce scatterings formed by wall and ground are shown as strong L- or T-shapes, which are usually taken as the most reliable indicator for building detection. According to the assumption that buildings are rectangular and flat models, planimetric buildings are delineated using the L-shapes, then the reconstructed target areas are obtained. For the orignal areas and the reconstructed target areas, the SAR-SIFT matching algorithm is implemented. Finally, correct corresponding points are extracted by the fast sample consensus (FSC) and the transformation model is also derived. The experimental results on a pair of multiview TerraSAR images with 1-m resolution show that the proposed approach gives a robust and precise registration performance, compared with the orignal SAR-SIFT method.

The Role of Bodily Movement in Learning and Performing Music: Applications for Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 768-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane W. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Music Production ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
And Performance

This article explores the fundamental role of bodily movement in the development of musical knowledge and performance skills; in particular, how the body can be used to understand expressive musical material and to communicate that meaning to coperformers and audience. The relevance to the educator is explored (whether working with a child or adult beginner, or a more advanced learner). The article is divided into six main sections, tracing the role of body movement skill in music production, expressive musical performance, developing learners to play their musical instruments with technical and expressive appropriateness, coperformer coordination, and projection for audience perception. The work builds on a growing interest in the embodied nature of musical experience. The article concludes with case study observations of practical insights and applications for the teacher.

Biogc: A novel framework for biological network classification via machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1153-1168
Author(s):  
Bentian Li ◽  
Dechang Pi ◽  
Yunxia Lin ◽  
Izhar Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Network ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Graph Classification ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Complex Structural

Biological network classification is an eminently challenging task in the domain of data mining since the networks contain complex structural information. Conventional biochemical experimental methods and the existing intelligent algorithms still suffer from some limitations such as immense experimental cost and inferior accuracy rate. To solve these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel framework for Biological graph classification named Biogc, which is specifically developed to predict the label of both small-scale and large-scale biological network data flexibly and efficiently. Our framework firstly presents a simplified graph kernel method to capture the structural information of each graph. Then, the obtained informative features are adopted to train different scale biological network data-oriented classifiers to construct the prediction model. Extensive experiments on five benchmark biological network datasets on graph classification task show that the proposed model Biogc outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with an accuracy rate of 98.90% on a larger dataset and 99.32% on a smaller dataset.

scholarly journals LEARNING MUSIC THROUGH RHYTHMIC MOVEMENTS IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 241-263
Author(s):  
Md Jais Ismail ◽  
Loo Fung Chiat ◽  
Azu Farhana Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Rhythmic Movement ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
School Students ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
Music Class ◽  
Almost All

Purpose – Music class should function as a class that triggers joy and a platform for students to express their feelings. Based on observation, there are music teachers who teach singing and playing musical instruments traditionally based on teacher-centered approach. This has caused music classes to become passive and dull, with unexcited students that would cause them to be out of focus in the class. The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of rhythmic movements, using one of the components from Dalcroze’s Eurhythmics as an activity to develop active and fun music classes, hence to improve students’ music performance skills. Methodology – The study was carried out within the framework of a ten-week action-research design involving 35 primary school students at Putrajaya, Malaysia. Data collection was through group observation on students’ musical behaviours. Researchers also conducted an in-depth interview with rhythmic movement experts. Findings – Result shows that there is a significant changing of musical behaviours among primary students from week 8 to week 10. Experts agreed that rhythmic movement can create a meaningful music class with an active participation by students. There are three rhythmic procedures recommended by the experts to strengthen a music class pedagogy. Significance – Learning music through movements has turned music class into active and fun. Rhythmic movement activity makes this intention to become more meaningful. The study helps students to explore music through movements while they have the chance to play, communicate to each other, learn through observation and express their creativity in their own way. This intervention helps students to grasp almost all the music concepts while doing activities. This study also provides ideas for teachers to integrate rhythmic movements in music instructional process. Keywords: Dalcroze Eurhythmics, rhythmic movement, music education, qualitative, primary students, singing, playing percussion.

scholarly journals Dr. Ron Shroyer : an historical study of his career and contributions to Central Methodist University

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ryan McLouth
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Style ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Compositional Style ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
University President ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Concert Programs

Purpose: The purpose of this historical study was to document the teaching career and achievements of Dr. Ronald Shroyer at Central Methodist University in order to examine the contributions made by Dr. Shroyer to his students, the institution, and the music profession. Method: The following data was collected during this study: (a) interviews with Dr. Shroyer, (b) written surveys from his former students and colleagues, (c) interviews with former Central Methodist University President Marianne Inman, (d) observations of Dr. Shroyer's informal interactions with others, (e) scores from compositions that he wrote, (f) professional and informal writings that he composed, (g) letters collected from correspondences with others, and (h) concert programs in which he appeared as a performer or those that included his music. Organization Chapter 2 of this study begins the chronological examination of Dr. Shroyer's life from birth to the beginning of his career. Chapter 3 serves as a chronology of Dr. Shroyer's career while at Central Methodist University. Chapter 4 is a detailed examination of his musical compositional style, his work as an arranger, and his music performance skills. Chapter 5 documents Dr. Shroyer as a pedagogue, and his teaching style. His influence on the Central Methodist University community from 1976 to today is described in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 is a summation of the findings from the study as a whole. Conclusion: Dr. Shroyer was effective in many ways during his career. As a teacher, performer, composer, colleague, and administrator, he contributed to Central Methodist University and continues to positively influence teachers, students, and his community. He made a lasting impact on the institution through his role as an administrator and faculty member, and affected the lives of students who studied with him privately, in the classroom, and in ensembles. Dr. Shroyer also left his mark on the music profession as a composer. His music has been featured by many institutions, at conferences, and has been performed by professional musicians. He is highly regarded as a performer, one who possesses great versatility, and has impressed fellow players and audience members.

scholarly journals Proteopedia: Bridging the Rift Between 3D Structure & Function of Biomacromolecules

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1388-C1388
Author(s):  
Joel Sussman ◽  
Jaime Prilusky
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Hiv Protease ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Proteopedia is a wiki web resource, http://proteopedia.org, which aids in understanding of the structure/function relationship of biomacromolecules. The `3D' images on each page are surrounded by descriptive text containing hyperlinks that change the appearance (view, representations, colors or labels) of the adjacent 3D structure to reflect the concept discussed in the text (see figure below). This makes the complex structural information readily accessible and comprehensible, even to non-structural biologists. Using Proteopedia, scientists and students can easily create descriptions of biomacromolecules linked to their 3D structure, e.g., a page on the way inhibitors block HIV Protease, http://proteopedia.org/w/HIV-1_protease. Pages can be viewed on computers and tablets via the molecular viewer JSmol. Content is being added by ~2,600 Proteopedia's users from more than 50 countries, in a dozen different languages, including Arabic, Russian & Chinese. Members of the scientific community are invited to request a Proteopedia user account, at no cost, to create and edit pages, see: http://proteopedia.org/w/Special:RequestAccount.

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