Positive Emotion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Black
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Physical Resources ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Scientific findings from social sciences, neurobiology, endocrinology, and immunology highlight the adaptive benefits of positive emotion and activity to both mental and physical health. Positive activity, such as engagement with music and exercise, can also contribute to favorable health outcomes. This article reviews scientific evidence of the adaptive benefits of positive emotion and activity throughout the life course, with examples drawn from the fetal environment through late adulthood. Specifically, the text weaves together theory and empirical findings from an interdisciplinary literature to describe how positive emotion and activity help to build important cognitive, social, and physical resources throughout the life course.

The Intersection of Childhood Maltreatment and Marriage: Implications for Adult’s Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2098450
Author(s):  
Michael Fitzgerald ◽  
Bryan Spuhler ◽  
Cailyn Hamstra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Marital Support ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Marital Strain ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Childhood maltreatment is associated with mental and physical health problems across the life course. Marriages may be a risk factor for continued mental and physical health problems or, alternatively, they could buffer the effects of maltreatment severity on adult health. Using data from the study of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), we evaluated marital support and strain as moderators of child maltreatment and adults’ subjective evaluations of physical and mental health in a sample of 760 married adults using the life course perspective. Results show that the interaction between childhood maltreatment severity and marital strain was associated with poorer physical health and was marginally associated with mental health. Marital support did not significantly interact with childhood maltreatment severity in predicting adult mental or physical health. Results suggest maltreatment and marital strain interact resulting in a greater accumulation of disadvantage leaving adults at risk for health problems.

Social inequalities and mental health

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Ruth Bell ◽  
Michael Marmot
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

This chapter discusses evidence linking social inequalities, across social, economic, and environmental dimensions to inequalities in mental health. A framework for thinking about the lifetime causes of inequalities in mental health is presented and used to discuss how experiences and conditions affect mental health across the life course. The chapter focuses particularly on factors that affect child development because of the importance of child developmental outcomes for future mental and physical health, and on life chances. Finally, the need for more attention to be focused on addressing the causes of social inequalities in mental health through multiple types of policies and interventions is discussed.

scholarly journals Childhood adversities and related mental health among children in socialization centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Peciukaityte ◽  
M Jakubauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Background Life course paradigm provides a comprehensive overview of different determinants and mental health outcomes during the life course. Childhood adversities experienced in early adulthood are related to poor mental and physical health in the future. The aim of the study was to identify relations between experienced childhood adversities and mental health outcomes among children in socialization centers and regional high schools (HS) in Lithuania. Methods A prevalence study was conducted in all 3 socialization centers (SC) in Lithuania (n = 35) and two regional high schools (n = 96) among 13-18 year old’s. Anonymous individual interviews were conducted in 2018. Descriptive statistics using SPSS was applied for assessment of adverse life events, mental health risk factors and outcomes (%). Pearson chi square, Fisher test, Kruskal - Wallis H were applied for comparison and statistical significance (p ≤ 0,05). Results Prevalence of bullying among children in SC was 77.1% (47.9% among HS children), parental divorce - 60% (27% HS), parental criminal behavior - 40 % (2.1% HS), family violence - 48.6% (16.7% HS), physical abuse - 62.9% (9.4% HS), parental alcohol use - 40% (13.5% HS). 74.3% among children in SC experienced neglect, physical traumas (39.6% HS), prevalence of suicidal behavior was 25.7% and 6.25% accordingly. Criminal behavior, alcohol, substance abuse and smoking were much more prevalent among children in socialization centers than among high school children (p < 0.01). Conclusions Children in socialization centers had higher exposure of childhood adversities and poorer mental health outcomes. High prevalence of adversities was related to poor parenting skills as well as toxic family and social environment. Key messages Childhood adversities experienced in early adulthood are related to poor mental and physical health as well as deprivation of social performance in later life. Childhood adversities are more prevalent among children in socialization centres than in regional high schools.

Identity and change of a field: A literature analysis of the concept of social mobility

2021 ◽  
pp. 053901842110221
Author(s):  
Magda Nico
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Diachronic Analysis ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Systematic Collection

Social mobility is one of the concepts which is the most intrinsically bound to sociology. Hence, the diachronic analysis of this concept contributes to our understanding of sociology and the way that the discipline has changed, as it turned to individual social trajectories according to different topics. Aimed at contributing to this understanding, I’ve developed a literature review based on a systematic collection of the scientific publications in social sciences directly addressing social mobility. A database with conceptual and methodological variables was compiled (N=1054) and worked on. Distinct periods in the life course of this concept have been identified, with the emergence of a scattered concept (1920–1959), the golden age of social mobility (1960–1989), followed by a period of fragmentation and resistance (1990–2012). These three periods are characterized by different methodological and geographical hegemonies, flows and volumes of publications, and also by different tendencies and theoretical and disciplinary rivalries.

Population Aging, Intracohort Aging, and Sociopolitical Attitudes

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Danigelis ◽  
Melissa Hardy ◽  
Stephen J. Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Sociopolitical Attitudes ◽  
The Life Course

Prevailing stereotypes of older people hold that their attitudes are inflexible or that aging tends to promote increasing conservatism in sociopolitical outlook. In spite of mounting scientific evidence demonstrating that learning, adaptation, and reassessment are behaviors in which older people can and do engage, the stereotype persists. We use U.S. General Social Survey data from 25 surveys between 1972 and 2004 to formally assess the magnitude and direction of changes in attitudes that occur within cohorts at different stages of the life course. We decompose changes in sociopolitical attitudes into the proportions attributable to cohort succession and intracohort aging for three categories of items: attitudes toward historically subordinate groups, civil liberties, and privacy. We find that significant intracohort change in attitudes occurs in cohorts-inlater- stages (age 60 and older) as well as cohorts-in-earlier-stages (ages 18 to 39), that the change for cohorts-in-later-stages is frequently greater than that for cohorts-inearlier-stages, and that the direction of change is most often toward increased tolerance rather than increased conservatism. These findings are discussed within the context of population aging and development.

scholarly journals Sleep and inflammation in resilient aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 20140009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Biological Pathway ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Sleep quality is important to health, and increasingly viewed as critical in promoting successful, resilient aging. In this review, the interplay between sleep and mental and physical health is considered with a focus on the role of inflammation as a biological pathway that translates the effects of sleep on risk of depression, pain and chronic disease risk in aging. Given that sleep regulates inflammatory biologic mechanisms with effects on mental and physical health outcomes, the potential of interventions that target sleep to reduce inflammation and promote health in aging is also discussed.

The Effects of Polyvictimization on Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in an LGBTQ Sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Kassing ◽  
Tracy Casanova ◽  
James A. Griffin ◽  
Elizabeth Wood ◽  
Lara M. Stepleman
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health
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