Unpacking Psychological Ownership: How Transactional and Transformational Leaders Motivate Ownership

Psychological ownership represents feelings of responsibility for and possession over a target, which can be both tangible in terms of physical resources, or intangible regarding one's relationships. Here we examine how two well-established leadership styles can trigger six different facets of psychological ownership and their corresponding ownership behaviors, by using regulatory focus and identity theory to explain how psychological ownership emerges and influences an individual's work behavior. We provide specific propositions that link two leadership styles to an individual's activated regulatory focus and self-identity, which results in six different facets of ownership. We use these different facets of ownership to examine how each contributes to explaining how leaders motivate their followers to engage in and take on different work challenges and opportunities, thus advancing both the leadership and psychological ownership literatures. We combine leadership style and psychological ownership to determine the type of ownership behavior and work performance that results based on which ownership facets are triggered.

Crystal: A Privacy-Preserving Distributed Reputation Management

This paper investigates the situation in which exists the unshared Internet in specific areas while users in there need instant advice from others nearby. Hence, a peer-to-peer network is necessary and established by connecting all neighbouring mobile devices so that they can exchange questions and recommendations. However, not all received recommendations are reliable as users may be unknown to each other. Therefore, the trustworthiness of advice is evaluated based on the advisor's reputation score. The reputation score is locally stored in the user’s mobile device. It is not completely guaranteed that the reputation score is trustful if its owner uses it for a wrong intention. In addition, another privacy problem is about honestly auditing the reputation score on the advising user by the questioning user. Therefore, this work proposes a security model, namely Crystal, for securely managing distributed reputation scores and for preserving user privacy. Crystal ensures that the reputation score can be verified, computed and audited in a secret way. Another significant point is that the device in the peer-to-peer network has limits in physical resources such as bandwidth, power and memory. For this issue, Crystal applies lightweight Elliptic Curve Cryptographic algorithms so that Crystal consumes less the physical resources of devices. The experimental results prove that our proposed model performance is promising.

IoT Serverless Computing at the Edge: Open Issues and Research Direction

Novel computing paradigms aim to enable better hardware utilization, allowing a greater number of applications to be executed on the same physical resources. Serverless computing is one example of such an emerging paradigm, enabling faster development, more efficient resource usage, as well as no requirements for infrastructure management by end users. Recently, efforts have been made to utilize serverless computing at the network edge, primarily focusing on supporting Internet of Things (IoT) workloads. This study explores open issues, outlines current progress, and summarizes existing research findings about serverless edge computing for IoT by analyzing 67 relevant papers published between 01.01.2015 and 01.09.2021. We discuss the state-of-the-art research in 8 subject areas relevant to the use of serverless at the network edge, derived through the analysis of the selected articles. Results show that even though there is a noticeable interest for this topic, further work is needed to adapt serverless to the resource constrained environment of the edge.

The Analysis about Compressed Sensing Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Machine Learning Applied in Interference Multispectral Images

Interferometric multispectral images contain rich information, so they are widely used in aviation, military, and environmental monitoring. However, the abundant information also leads to the disadvantages that longer time and more physical resources are needed in signal compression and reconstruction. In order to make up for the shortcomings of traditional compression and reconstruction algorithms, the stacked convolution denoising autoencoder (SCDA) reconstruction algorithm for interference multispectral images is proposed in this paper. And, the experimental code based on the TensorFlow system is built to reconstruct these images. The results show that, compared with D-AMP and ReconNet algorithms, the SCDA algorithm has the advantages of higher reconstruction accuracy and lower time complexity and space complexity. Therefore, the SCDA algorithm proposed in this paper can be applied to interference multispectral images.

Surfacing some implications of the sharing economy: A New Zealand perspective

<p>This thesis highlights major influences and effects that the sharing economy appears to be having on New Zealand businesses. The sharing economy is “a socio-economic ecosystem built around the sharing of human and physical resources” (Matofska, 2014). It has enabled consumers to borrow and/or lease resources owned by other businesses and even individuals within a nation’s economy as a whole. The purpose of this study is to uncover insights into whether New Zealand businesses are preparing or have prepared to counter the effects of the shifting market landscape, in the form of the sharing economy, and how have these reactions manifested. The distinctiveness of this particular study is the focus on primary information collection and emphasis on cross- industry and organisation empirical research. A comprehensive literature review has been undertaken to capture the nature of previous studies in this subject area and frame the direction that this research will take. Subsequent to the literature review, it was decided that qualitative in-depth interviews with ten business managers from New Zealand companies would provide the best scope in identifying the key reactions and effects of managers to emergence of the sharing economy. The results demonstrate that a majority of the participants have re-considered their operational strategy, with many moving into niche areas of their industry to deliver value that cannot be matched by sharing platforms. Resource allocation and worker conditions have also adjusted to better suit the dynamics of a market environment that has been influenced by the sharing economy. A number of issues in adaptation to the sharing economy have also been unearthed. Regulatory disputes and market suitability to sharing processes have been the major causes for concern, but through collaboration with a variety of stakeholders, those who have adjusted have found success in creating what they indicate are prosperous environments. Some incumbents have been unyielding as their industry experiences disruption from the sharing economy, and the results of this thesis demonstrate that this is done at their own detriment. Incumbent firms must be wary of the growing levels of sophistication of sharing platforms and whether their adaptions thus far are sustainable in the long term.</p>

Surfacing some implications of the sharing economy: A New Zealand perspective

<p>This thesis highlights major influences and effects that the sharing economy appears to be having on New Zealand businesses. The sharing economy is “a socio-economic ecosystem built around the sharing of human and physical resources” (Matofska, 2014). It has enabled consumers to borrow and/or lease resources owned by other businesses and even individuals within a nation’s economy as a whole. The purpose of this study is to uncover insights into whether New Zealand businesses are preparing or have prepared to counter the effects of the shifting market landscape, in the form of the sharing economy, and how have these reactions manifested. The distinctiveness of this particular study is the focus on primary information collection and emphasis on cross- industry and organisation empirical research. A comprehensive literature review has been undertaken to capture the nature of previous studies in this subject area and frame the direction that this research will take. Subsequent to the literature review, it was decided that qualitative in-depth interviews with ten business managers from New Zealand companies would provide the best scope in identifying the key reactions and effects of managers to emergence of the sharing economy. The results demonstrate that a majority of the participants have re-considered their operational strategy, with many moving into niche areas of their industry to deliver value that cannot be matched by sharing platforms. Resource allocation and worker conditions have also adjusted to better suit the dynamics of a market environment that has been influenced by the sharing economy. A number of issues in adaptation to the sharing economy have also been unearthed. Regulatory disputes and market suitability to sharing processes have been the major causes for concern, but through collaboration with a variety of stakeholders, those who have adjusted have found success in creating what they indicate are prosperous environments. Some incumbents have been unyielding as their industry experiences disruption from the sharing economy, and the results of this thesis demonstrate that this is done at their own detriment. Incumbent firms must be wary of the growing levels of sophistication of sharing platforms and whether their adaptions thus far are sustainable in the long term.</p>

Archive Archaeology: Preserving and Sharing Palmyra's Cultural Heritage through Harald Ingholt's Digital Archives. A case study in the accessibility and potential of archives

Despite growing focus, archives remain under-utilised in archaeology and cultural heritage research. Regrettably, COVID-19 exacerbated archive inaccessibility, as researchers were largely cut off from physical resources, thereby underlining the need to develop best practice scenarios. Here we present a case study that demonstrates the potential of archives when made freely available.

Eschewing Scarcity and Finding Abundance

One perspective on economics, a neoclassical one, looks at economics as the study of how society produces wealth or abundance. Another perspective, a more neoliberal approach, is to conceive of 'economics' as the study of how society confronts scarcity. Too often, examinations of the arts economy focus on the latter: on the scarcity of financial resources, physical resources, technological resources, and so on. As the neoliberalist approach continues to show its fissures and inadequacies both before and during the Covid crisis, we begin to see that scarcity is not derived from the substitutable choices made by individuals but is as much or more a result of systemic inequities. These include unequal access to education, healthcare, secure housing, and, more generally, opportunity. While opportunities to express one’s creativity are often limited by race, class, gender, and geography, creativity itself is an asset that defies such boundaries and limitations and is one held in abundance by artists. How do artists use their creativity to produce the material assets they need to overcome hardship and inequity?

Development of Government Health System in Sri Lanka during Last Three Decades

Aims: Several aspects are associated with the health system. Development in each aspect in health sector is required parallel to the growth of the population of patients. This study was carried out with the intention of investigating the development in physical resources, human resources, and funds allocation for government health system in Sri Lanka. Methodology: This study considered the development within the period from 1987 to 2019. Necessary data were collected from the annual reports of central bank of Sri Lanka. Data for physical resources, human resources, patients, and expenditures were gathered. Parallel developments of these aspects were analyzed by using descriptive and confirmatory techniques: Pearson’ correlation and canonical correlation. Apart from that some graphical techniques and summary measures were also used in the analysis. Results: Number of both in-patients and out-patients has rapidly increased during this period, while expenditure on the health system also has exponentially grown. However, percentage of GDP allocated for health system has remained almost same. There can be seen a reasonable development in both human resources and physical resources. Conclusion: Even though, health system has been developed to a greater extent, developments in some aspects are not parallel to the development in other aspects. However, further development is needed to meet the growing demand for health services due to increasing population of patients.

Comprehensive Comparison of VNE Solutions Based on Different Coordination Approaches

Virtualization is commonly accepted as the catalyst that would grant the internet the ability to shed the shackles of legacy technologies and evolve to its future self. In order to make this transformation feasible, unavoidable concurrent radical remodeling of all the involved counterparts is required, particularly in the context of automatically and optimally serving application requests by taking advantage of new virtualized environments and their latent capabilities. A considerable number of embedding strategies that efficiently map virtual computational and networking demands over physical resources have already been proposed in the literature, following different strategies. Among these suggested strategies, different coordination proposals have been adopted, in order to solve the node and link mapping functions. In this paper, we study the capabilities of the most popular embedding strategies, based on their coordination categorization. Our study confirms that by invoking a coordination strategy, especially the single stage one, added benefits on multiple performance layers can be achieved. Moreover, we propose a new mixed coordination algorithm, essentially creating a new category in the field of VNE coordination strategies.