3. The geography of diversification

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Mark V. Lomolino
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Animal Life ◽  
Adaptive Radiations ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes

“The geography of diversification” returns to a central theme of biogeography—that place matters, and that each region, down to an island or lake, can be an evolutionary arena, producing its own distinct plant and animal life. Case studies from the Hawaiian Islands, Madagascar, and the Rift Valley Lakes of East Africa illustrate the phenomenon of adaptive radiation, the process by which organisms diversify from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms. This diversification is driven by the combined effects of biogeographic processes, geographic dimensions such as area and isolation, and ecological interactions among the species. Why are the adaptive radiations of some lineages so much greater than others?

Mercury in fish from three rift valley lakes (Turkana, Naivasha and Baringo), Kenya, East Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M Campbell ◽  
O Osano ◽  
R.E Hecky ◽  
D.G Dixon
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Mercury In Fish ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes

scholarly journals Pollution and a Million Flamingos

Oryx ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-354
Author(s):  
Landsborough Thomson
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Lake Nakuru ◽  
World Wildlife Fund ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes ◽  
The Town

In the last issue of ORYX we drew attention to the dangers from chemicals for the bird life of the Rift Valley lakes in East Africa (page 283). This is particularly serious in Lake Nakuru where a million flamingos are threatened by both chemicals and the sewage effluent from the town of Nakuru which all goes untreated into the lake. Sir Landsborough points out that only on the basis of facts will the authorities listen to demands that the pollution be stopped—and that means research. The new Baharini Wildlife Sanctuary has been established on the lake shores with the triple purpose of providing facilities for such research, as well as for education and tourism—the last designed eventually to pay for the first two. But money is needed to get the research started now. The originator of the project, John Hopcraft, spoke about it at an FPS meeting on September 22, and a letter from Sir Landsborough was published by The Times on September 21. The World Wildlife Fund is supporting the project and the FPS will be pleased to pass on contributions from any members or others who would like to help save the Nakuru flamingos.

scholarly journals Adaptive radiation and hybridization in Wallace's Dreamponds: evidence from sailfin silversides in the Malili Lakes of Sulawesi

2006 ◽  
Vol 273 (1598) ◽  
pp. 2209-2217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Herder ◽  
Arne W Nolte ◽  
Jobst Pfaender ◽  
Julia Schwarzer ◽  
Renny K Hadiaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Reticulate Evolution ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Potential Force ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Adaptive Radiations ◽  
Malili Lakes

Adaptive radiations are extremely useful to understand factors driving speciation. A challenge in speciation research is to distinguish forces creating novelties and those relevant to divergence and adaptation. Recently, hybridization has regained major interest as a potential force leading to functional novelty and to the genesis of new species. Here, we show that introgressive hybridization is a prominent phenomenon in the radiation of sailfin silversides (Teleostei: Atheriniformes: Telmatherinidae) inhabiting the ancient Malili Lakes of Sulawesi, correlating conspicuously with patterns of increased diversity. We found the most diverse lacustrine species-group of the radiation to be heavily introgressed by genotypes originating from streams of the lake system, an effect that has masked the primary phylogenetic pattern of the flock. We conclude that hybridization could have acted as a key factor in the generation of the flock's spectacular diversity. To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence for massive reticulate evolution within a complex animal radiation.

The Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes: chemical characteristics of a salinity-alkalinity series

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kebede ◽  
Zinabu G. Mariam ◽  
Ingemar Ahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Ethiopian Rift ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes

scholarly journals Hydroclimatic analysis of rising water levels in the Great rift Valley Lakes of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 100857
Author(s):  
Mathew Herrnegger ◽  
Gabriel Stecher ◽  
Christian Schwatke ◽  
Luke Olang
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Great Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes
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