Influence of Needle Maturity on Larval Feeding Preference and Survival of Neodiprion swainei and N. rugifrons on Jack Pine, Pinus banksiana1

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. All ◽  
D. M. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Larval Feeding

Effects of Experience on Subsequent Feeding or Oviposition Preference in Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) and Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yan Wang ◽  
Jian-Chu Mo
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
Host Selection Behavior ◽  
Chemical Legacy ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Gravid Females

Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of larval experience on feeding preference of larvae and the effect of larval and pupal experience on oviposition preference of females in Musca domestica L. and Chrysomya megacephala F. Dietary experience from hatch to test significantly influenced feeding preference of the second-instar larvae in M. domestica (P < 0.01), but did not in C. megacephala. The larval dietary and pupal experience did not change the oviposition preference of C. megacephala, and experienced gravid females laid all of their eggs on pork muscle. Larval feeding regimen had no effect on oviposition preference of subsequent females in M. domestica. However, the pupal experience in M. domestica significantly influenced the oviposition preference of subsequent females, and M. domestica females from pupae matured on wheat bran laid significantly more eggs on wheat bran than those that matured on pork muscle, or filter paper whether pupae were washed or not (P < 0.01). These results demonstrated that host-selection behavior in M. domestica was shaped by preimaginal experience according to the chemical legacy hypothesis.

POTENTIAL OF ANTIFEEDANTS TO CONTROL LARVAL FEEDING OF SELECTED NEODIPRION SAWFLIES (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE)

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1137-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. All ◽  
D. M. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
European Pine Sawfly ◽  
Feeding Development ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

AbstractAntifeedants for controlling larval feeding of several Neodiprion sawflies were evaluated in laboratory and field studies. Nine commercially available insect antifeedants and a hexane extract of the juvenile foliage of jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lambert, were tested on larvae of six species. In laboratory bioassays larvae exhibited varying sensitivity to antifeedants; generally species with monophagous or restricted oligophagous feeding habits were most sensitive. In the laboratory the Swaine jack pine sawfly, Neodiprion swainei Middleton, had severely restricted feeding, development, survival, and fecundity. Triphenyltin hydroxide was toxic to N. swainei and to European pine sawfly, N. sertifer (Geoffroy). In field tests certain antifeedants disrupted N. swainei feeding and development. The colonial behavior of larvae often was disrupted and solitary larvae fell from trees or wandered on twigs. Colony disruption by most antifeedants was temporary and many larvae resumed feeding.

Association of within-tree jack pine budworm feeding patterns with canopy level and within-needle variation of water, nutrient, and monoterpene concentrations

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly F Wallin ◽  
Kenneth F Raffa
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Relative Differences

The possibility that uneven within-tree feeding patterns by jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman) larvae could be related to underlying variation in host jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) foliar water, nutrient, and monoterpene contents was considered. Choristoneura pinus pinus feeds disproportionately in the upper portion of the canopy and almost exclusively on the basal portions of needles. Within needles, the distribution of water, several nutrients, and monoterpenes varied significantly between the distal and basal sections. Water, nitrogen, sulfur, manganese, and zinc levels occurred in higher concentrations in the distal section of the needle, which would not be predicted based on C. pinus pinus feeding patterns. Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, and copper were significantly higher in the basal section. Although the latter differences might be predicted based on C. pinus pinus feeding patterns, they were not strong (ranging from 7.8% to 36.4% relative differences, as compared with 10.7%-50.0% relative differences in the former group). By contrast, concentrations of foliar monoterpenes were more strongly associated with known feeding patterns of C. pinus pinus. These relative differences ranged from myrcene (26.8%) to limonene (44.79%). Thus, foliar differences affecting within-needle feeding selection appear more associated with allelochemicals than nutrients or water. In contrast with the within-needle associations between larval feeding and foliar chemistry, no associations between upper and lower canopy foliage were observed. Water, nutrients, and monoterpenes were evenly distributed across the upper and lower canopy locations. Thus, differential feeding between canopy locations cannot be explained by foliar constituents. Rather, it is more likely explained by other environmental factors, such as proximity to and density of reproductive and vegetative shoots.

scholarly journals Colorado Potato Beetle Resistance in Somatic Hybrids of Diploid Interspecific Solanum Clones

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Jansky ◽  
Sandra Austin-Phillips ◽  
Corine McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Feeding Trials

The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is a major insect pest that is controlled mainly through the use of pesticides. Development of potato clones with multiple forms of host plant resistance may provide a stable alternative or supplemental form of CPB control. Tetraploid hybrids were developed by somatic fusion of diploid interspecific Solanum clones with different forms of resistance to CPB. Hybrids were created between a clone containing leptine glycoalkaloids and four clones producing glandular trichomes. One fusion produced vigorous hybrids that were analyzed for CPB resistance traits. Somaclonal variation among hybrids was detected for trichome density and resistance to feeding by adult and larval beetles. Somatic hybrids were less resistant than the parents in adult feeding preference trials, but several were more resistant than either parent in larval feeding trials. Future studies are needed to determine whether clones producing both glandular trichomes and leptines express resistance that is more stable than that of clones with only one resistance factor.

scholarly journals Evolution of genes involved in feeding preference and metabolic processes in Calliphoridae (Diptera: Calyptratae)

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Antoniazzi Cardoso ◽  
Marco Antonio Tonus Marinho ◽  
Raquel Dietsche Monfardini ◽  
Ana Maria Lima de Azeredo Espin ◽  
Tatiana Teixeira Torres
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Transcript Levels

Background The genotype-phenotype interactions among traits governing feeding preference are of fundamental importance to behavioral genetics and evolutionary biology. The genetic basis of behavioral traits has been explored in different taxa using different approaches. However, the complex nature of the genetic mechanisms undergirding behavior is poorly understood. Here, we present an evolutionary study of candidate genes related to parasitism in Calliphoridae (Diptera: Calyptratae). Closely related species in this family exhibit distinct larval feeding habits, most notably necro-saprophagy and obligate parasitism. Methods To understand the genetic and molecular bases underlying these habits, expression levels of eight candidate genes for feeding behavior—Cyp6g2, foraging, glutamate dehydrogenase, Jonah65aiv, Malvolio, PGRP-SC2, RPS6-p70-protein kinase, and smooth—were measured in four species using qPCR. Moreover we used expression values and sequence information to reconstruct the relationship among species and the dN/dS rate to infer possible sites under selection. Results For most candidate genes, no statistically significant differences were observed, indicating a high degree of conservation in expression. However, Malvolio was differentially expressed between habits. Evolutionary analyses based on transcript levels and nucleotide sequences of Malvolio coding region suggest that transcript levels were correlated to feeding habit preferences among species, although deviations under a strictly neutral model were also observed in statistical tests. Discussion Malvolio was the only gene demonstrating a possible connection to feeding habit. Differences in gene expression may be involved in (or be a result of) the genetic regulation of Calliphoridae feeding habit. Our results are the first steps towards understanding the genetic basis and evolution of feeding behavior in Calliphoridae using a functional approach.

PERFORMANCE AND PREFERENCE OF HYLOBIUS RADIUS BUCHANAN, AND H. PALES (HERBST) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) ON VARIOUS PINUS SPECIES

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W.A. Hunt ◽  
G. Lintereur ◽  
S.M. Salom ◽  
K.F. Raffa
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Hylobius Pales

AbstractThe weevils Hylobius radicis Buchanan and Hylobius pales (Herbst) survived to adulthood more frequently, developed more rapidly, and weighed more as adults when reared on diet containing ground phloem from Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., or red pine, Pinus resinosa Aiton, than from jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb., or eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L. In feeding tests, both weevils preferred Scots pine, although jack pine was preferred over red and white pine. When reared on diets containing phloem from red pines which had received various amounts of nitrogenous fertilizer, H. radicis and H. pales performed significantly better at elevated concentrations of nitrogen. Hylobius radicis adults exhibited a feeding preference for twigs from red pines containing elevated nitrogen concentrations.

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