scholarly journals Short-Term Blood Pressure Responses to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposures at the Extremes of Global Air Pollution Concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Mochuan Liu ◽  
Hongbing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses ◽  
Pollution Concentrations

Abstract 15149: Short-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Preferentially Increases the Risk of ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Events

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent G Meredith ◽  
C A Pope ◽  
Joseph B Muhlestein ◽  
Jeffrey L Anderson ◽  
John B Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Significant Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
St Elevation

Introduction: Air pollution is associated with greater cardiovascular event risk, but which types of events and the specific at-risk individuals remain unknown. Hypothesis: Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is associated with greater risk of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (USA). Methods: ACS events treated at Intermountain Healthcare hospitals in Utah’s urban Wasatch Front region between September 10, 1993 and May 15, 2014 were included if the patient resided in that area (N=16,314). A time-stratified case-crossover design was performed matching the PM 2.5 exposure at the time of event with periods when the event did not occur (referent), for STEMI, NSTEMI, and USA. Patients served as their own controls. Odds ratios (OR) were determined for exposure threshold versus linear, non-threshold models. Results: In STEMI, NSTEMI, and USA patients, age averaged 62, 64, and 63 years; males constituted 73%, 66%, and 68%; current or past smoking was prevalent in 33%, 25%, and 26%; and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) (defined as ≥1 coronary with ≥70% stenosis) was found among 95%, 75%, and 74%, respectively. Short-term PM 2.5 exposure was associated with ACS events (Table). Conclusions: Short-term exposure of PM 2.5 was strongly associated with greater risk of STEMI, especially in patients with angiographic CAD. No association with NSTEMI was found, and only a weak effect for USA. This study supports a PM 2.5 exposure threshold of 25 μg/m 3 , below which little exposure effect is seen, while the effect is linear above that level.

scholarly journals Fine particulate matter air pollution and blood pressure: The modifying role of psychosocial stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. Hicken ◽  
J. Timothy Dvonch ◽  
Amy J. Schulz ◽  
Graciela Mentz ◽  
Paul Max
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Monitoring Air Pollution Variability during Disasters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earthea Nance
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality Management ◽  
Mobile Monitoring ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Gulf Oil Spill ◽  
National Environmental

National environmental regulations lack short-term standards for variability in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ); they depend soley on concentration-based standards. Twenty-five years of research has linked short-term PM 2.5 ; that is, increases of at least 10 ug/m 3 that can occur in-between regulatory readings, to increased mortality (Di et al, 2017; Staniswalis et al, 2005; Conroy et al, 2001; Schwartz, 1994). Even as new technologies have emerged that could readily monitor short-term PM 2.5 , such as real-time monitoring and mobile monitoring, their primary application has been for research, not for air quality management. The Gulf oil spill offers a strategic setting in which regulatory monitoring, computer modeling, and stationary monitoring could be directly compared to mobile monitoring. Mobile monitoring was found to best capture the variability of PM 2.5 during the disaster. The research also found that each short-term increase (10-μg/m 3) in fine particulate matter was associated with a statistically significant increase of 0.105 deaths (p<0.001) in people aged 65 and over, a result that is in line with other studies. These findings contribute to understanding the effects of PM 2.5 on mortality during a disaster, and they provide justification for environmental managers to monitor the variability of PM 2.5, not only the concentration.

Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Blood Pressure: the Modifying Role of Psychosocial Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 2177
Author(s):  
Margaret Hicken* ◽  
J. Timothy Dvonch ◽  
Amy J. Schulz ◽  
Graciela Mentz ◽  
Paul Max
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals The Benefits of Intensive Versus Standard Blood Pressure Treatment According to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Exposure

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-822
Author(s):  
Sadeer G. Al-Kindi ◽  
Robert D. Brook ◽  
Udayan Bhatt ◽  
Michael Brauer ◽  
William C. Cushman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Fine Particulate

Fine particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) air pollution is implicated in global mortality, especially from cardiovascular causes. A large body of evidence suggests a link between PM 2.5 and elevation in blood pressure (BP), with the latter implicated as a potential mediator of cardiovascular events. We sought to determine if the outcomes of intensive BP lowering (systolic BP <120 mm Hg) on cardiovascular events are modified by PM 2.5 exposure in the SPRINT (Systolic BP Intervention Trial). We linked annual PM 2.5 exposure estimates derived from an integrated model to subjects participating in SPRINT. We evaluated the effect of intensive BP lowering by PM 2.5 exposure on the primary outcome in SPRINT using cox-proportional hazard models. A total of 9286 participants were linked to PM 2.5 levels (mean age 68±9 years). Intensive BP-lowering decreased risk of the primary outcome more among patients exposed to higher PM 2.5 ( P interaction =0.047). The estimate for lowering of primary outcome was numerically lower in the highest than in the lower quintiles. The benefits of intensive BP-lowering were larger among patients chronically exposed to PM 2.5 levels above US National Ambient Air Quality Standards of 12 µg/m 3 (hazard ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.29–0.74]) compared with those living in cleaner locations (hazard ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.68–0.97]), P interaction =0.037. This exploratory nonprespecified post hoc analysis of SPRINT suggests that the benefits of intensive BP lowering on the primary outcome was greater in patients exposed to higher PM 2.5 , suggesting that the magnitude of benefit may depend upon the magnitude of antecedent PM 2.5 exposure.

scholarly journals Impacts of Short-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Blood Pressure Were Modified by Control Status and Treatment in Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhennan Lin ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Xueli Yang ◽  
Qiong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Fine Particulate

Previous studies revealed that fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure adversely affected blood pressure (BP), but factors that might attenuate this association were still unclear. Using a multicenter panel study among 277 hypertensive participants with intermediate-to-high risk of cardiovascular disease from 4 cities in China, we aimed to explore whether BP control status and antihypertensive medications were potential modifying factors. Each participant carried personal-portable monitors to record individual real-time PM 2.5 levels and 24-hour ambulatory BP up to 3× within 1 year. Generalized linear mixed model with individual-specific random intercept was used to assess effect sizes. We identified adverse impacts of short-term PM 2.5 exposure on BP. However, these impacts were attenuated among patients with controlled BP. For example, per interquartile range (43.78 µg/m 3 ) increment in the prior 10-hour moving average of PM 2.5 , systolic BP increased −0.20 (95% CI, −0.57 to 0.18) mm Hg and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.36–1.35) mm Hg among those with controlled and uncontrolled BP, respectively ( P interaction , 0.0009). Furthermore, among those with uncontrolled BP, treatment with angiotensin receptor blocker would potentially lower BP in responses to PM 2.5 , with systolic BP associated with per interquartile range increment in 10-hour moving average PM 2.5 of 0.32 (95% CI, −0.37 to 1.00) mm Hg and 1.53 (95% CI, 0.74–2.33) mm Hg among those taking angiotensin receptor blocker or not, respectively ( P interaction , 0.0229). In conclusion, although PM 2.5 exposure would increase BP, keeping well-controlled BP status and using angiotensin receptor blockers might attenuate these adverse impacts, which might provide supporting evidence for guiding hypertensive patients who live in areas with high level of PM 2.5 .

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