scholarly journals Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae in West Central Nebraska, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-227
Author(s):  
R. C. Seymour ◽  
J. B. Campbell ◽  
R. J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Bicycle Wheel

Abstract Insecticides were applied to suppress larval rootworm populations in 2 fields near North Platte, NE. Both fields were composed of Cozad silt loam soils. In Field 1 ‘DeKalb 566’ hybrid field corn was ridge-planted with a John Deere 7100 Max-emerge planter, to a non-tilled seed bed on 19 May. At the time of planting, soil moisture was adequate for germination and the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm was about 8° C. Several insecticides were applied at planting to plots 2 rows wide, 10 m in length, with a bicycle wheel type applicator. Four replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. T-band applications were made by applying a 7 inch band of insecticide to an open seed furrow. In-furrow applications were made by applying insecticide directly into the seed furrow. After the insecticides were applied, furrows were closed with a rotary hoe and insecticides were incorporated with a rake. Field 2 was ridge-planted to ‘BoJac 577’ field corn with a John Deere 7100 Max-emerge planter, in a non-tilled seed bed on 18 May. At the time of planting, soil moisture was adequate for germination and the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm was about 13° C. With the exception of 4 field length strips, 12 rows in width, Lorsban 15G was applied at planting with insecticide boxes on the planter at a rate of 1100 g Al/ha. Granular and liquid insecticides were applied to untreated strips in Field 2 immediately prior to cultivation on 22 Jun. The corn plants were in the early whorl stage (V3 stage) of development at the time of application. The plots for the granular treatments in Field 2 were 10 m in length and 4 rows wide. The granular treatments were applied in a 7 inch band, over the whorl of the plants, with a bicycle wheel type applicator. Furadan 4F was applied to 10 X 4 m plots in Field 2, either broadcast over the top of the plants or in 7 inch bands to the base of the plants. All liquid treatments were applied in a total volume of 120 liters/ha at 30 psi. All treatments were replicated 4 times and arranged in a RCB design. Treatments in both fields were evaluated 26 Jul by rating washed roots, using the 1-6 Iowa root damage rating scale, of 4 plants from each replicate.

scholarly journals Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
R. C. Seymour ◽  
J. B. Campbell ◽  
R. J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bicycle Wheel ◽  
State Scale

Abstract Insecticides were evaluated for rootworm larval suppression in a field composed of Cozad silt loam soils. ‘DeKalb 580’ hybrid corn was ridge planted near North Platte, NE, on 1 May. At the time of planting, soil moisture was adequate for germination. Soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm was about 7°C. Treatments were applied at planting to 5 X 40 ft plots in a RCB design with four replicates. Insecticides were applied with either a planter-mounted “Smart Box” applicator or a bicycle wheel applicator-mounted noble box. On 15 Jul four plants from each plot were collected and the roots were washed. The roots were then rated for rootworm damage using the 1-6 Iowa State scale. Treatment means were analyzed with ANOVA and were separated with Fisher’s protected test of least significant difference.

scholarly journals Full Season Control of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Ntn, 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-325
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier ◽  
John S. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Liquid Formulation ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Time Of Application

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of two formulations of NTN for full season control of JB grubs. The experimental site was a golf course fairway rough in Amherst, NH. The trial consisted of 10 × 10 ft plots, in an RCB design, replicated 4 times. The liquid formulation was applied in a watering can at a rate of 5 gal/1000 ft2. The granular formulation was applied with a homemade salt shaker type applicator. Plots received 0.5 inch of irrigation after application. Conditions at the time of application were: soil temperature, 1 inch, 81.1°F; 2 inches, 77.9°F; thatch, 0.75 inch; pH 5.6; texture, silt loam, sand 46%, silt 50%, clay 4%; soil moisture; 15%; OM, 10.1%. Treatments were applied 20 May and rated 28 Sep. Plots were rated by counting the number of live JB grubs per 2.25 ft2.

scholarly journals Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae in West Central Nebraska, 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-209
Author(s):  
R. C. Seymour ◽  
J. B. Campbell ◽  
R. J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
West Central ◽  
The Press ◽  
Corn Plants

Abstract Granular insecticides were applied to suppress larval rootworm populations in 2 fields in west central NE. ‘Pioneer 3394’ hybrid field corn was ridge-planted in Field 1 with a John Deere Max-emerge planter, to a non-tilled seed bed on 11 May. Insecticides were applied at planting with insecticide boxes attached to the planter. Three replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. T-band applications were made by applying a 7 inch band of insecticide in front of the press wheel. In-furrow applications were made by applying insecticide directly into the seed furrow. All insecticides were applied at a rate of 1114.5 g (AI)/ha. Field 2 was ridge-planted to ‘Fontanelle 4435’ and ‘Fontanelle 6240’ hybrid field corn with a John Deere Max-emerge planter, to a non-tilled seed bed on 6 May. With the exception of 4 strips, 12 rows in width, Counter 15G was applied at planting with insecticide boxes on the planter at a rate of 1114.5 g (AI)/ha. A granular and a liquid insecticide were applied to untreated strips in Field 2 immediately prior to cultivation on 15 Jun. The field corn plants were in the early whorl stage (growth stage 2) of development at the time of application. The granular application was applied over the whorl of the plants with insecticide boxes attached to a tool bar. The liquid insecticide was applied in a 7 inch band to the base of the plants in total volume of 120 liter/ha at 206,786 Pa (30 psi). Cultivation treatments were applied at a rate of 1114.5 g (AI)/ha. Each treatment in Field 2 was applied to 10 × 4 m plots which were replicated 4 times and arranged in a RCB design. Two blocks of treatments were applied to ‘Fontanelle 4435’ hybrid field corn plants and 2 blocks of treatments were planted to ‘Fontanelle 6240’ hybrid field corn plants. Treatments in both fields were evaluated 13 Jul by rating washed roots, using the 1-6 Iowa Root Damage Rating Scale, of 4 plants from each replicate.

scholarly journals Timing Study to Evaluate Product Performance of RH-0345 and Imidacloprid to Suppress Green June Beetle Grubs on a Golf Course Fairway in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-354
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway located in Lancaster County, PA, consisted primarily of perennial ryegrass (80%) and creeping bentgrass (50%). Treatment plots were 7 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6-ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 4 gal/1000 ft2. At the 1st treatment time (4 Jun), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 68° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 64° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 62° F; RH, 67%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inch; soil type, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 28.3%; organic matter, 5.6%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.1; time of treatment, mid-morning; and overcast skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water 3 fir after treatment. At the 2nd treatment time (15 Jul), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 78° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 74° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 75° F; RH, 75%; amount of thatch, 0.0625-0.125 inch; soil type; silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 37.7%; organic matter, 7.2%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.9; time of treatment, mid-morning; and cloudy skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water immediately after product dried. A the 3rd treatment time (12 Aug), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 65° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 69° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 69° F; RH, 90%; amount of thatch, 0.0625-0.125 inch; soil type, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 40.0%; organic matter, 5.7%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.5; time of treatment, early morning; and cloudy skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water immediately after product dried. Post-treatment counts were made on 29 Aug. The total number of green of June beetle larvae flushed to the surface following an application of Sevin SL over a 24-hr observation interval was recorded from each replicate.

Population dynamics of Paratylenchus nanus in soil under pasture: 1. Aggregation and abiotic factors

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Watson ◽  
Nigel Bell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Accumulated Temperature

AbstractParatylenchus nanus populations were assessed by seasonal and monthly sampling of grazed pasture on silt loam soil in Waikato, New Zealand. The data were used to investigate P.nanus aggregation and relationships with abiotic factors, including soil temperature, rainfall, soil moisture and soil nutrients. P.nanus was more abundant at 10-20 than 0-10 cm soil depth and populations were greatest in summer. Aggregation declined from spring through to winter. P.nanus populations were positively correlated with soil temperature and negatively with soil moisture (seasonally) and rainfall (monthly). Monthly P. nanus abundance was also positively correlated with a combination of accumulated temperature and rainfall. On single occasions, soil phosphorus and nitrogen were significantly negatively correlated with P.nanus populations, and it is suggested that these associations were mediated through host plant abundance.

INFLUENCE OF SOIL TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE CONDITIONS ON GROWTH PROTEIN PRODUCTION OF MANITOU AND TWO SEMIDWARF MEXICAN SPRING WHEATS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. MACK
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Three spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.), Manitou, Pitic 62, and QK1-13, were grown in field plots containing a thermally controlled watercirculation system. The system provided two controlled root-zone temperatures (10 and 28 C) and one uncontrolled seasonal temperature (18 C), which represented mean summer soil temperatures of the Cryoboreal (8–15 C), the Mesic/Thermic (15–22/> 22 C), and the Boreal (15–18 C) climatic classes of the Canadian Soil Climatic Classification System. Three soil moisture conditions were characterized in terms of a soil moisture sufficiency index (SMI) levels were selected to correspond to the subclasses, Arid/Semiarid, Humid/Subhumid, and Perhumid. When temperature treatments were applied between emergence and the third-leaf stage of development, average yields from all treatments usually ranked with temperatures associated with the Cryoboreal > Boreal > Mesic/Thermic Classes. High soil temperature depressed the yields of the Mexican cultivars Pitic 62 and QK1-13 more than Manitou. Manitou appeared to tolerate a wider range in temperature than the Mexican cultivars, especially when seeded early (May). Yields of all cultivars were highest frequently under temperature and moisture conditions associated with the Cryoboreal and Boreal Subhumid classes. At these temperatures, yields were reduced markedly under Arid/Semiarid moisture conditions and depressed slightly under Perhumid moisture conditions. Grain yields were relatively low under the warm soils at all moisture conditions. In general, protein content was high under Arid conditions for all three temperatures. The protein content diminished with decreasing moisture stress under warm and cool temperatures. Thus, lowest protein concentration occurred under temperature and moisture conditions associated with the Cryoboreal Perhumid Class. Fertilizer (N + P + K) had greater effect at temperatures associated with cooler soils. Under all moisture and temperature conditions, Pitic 62 gave a much heavier root weight and a more fibrous root system than either Manitou or QK1-13.

Chinch Bug Management with Foliar Insecticides in Field Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-195
Author(s):  
J. H. Fife ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
K. D. Torrey ◽  
T. J. Riley ◽  
B. A. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Chinch Bug ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Bug Management

Abstract The efficacy of selected insecticide treatments was compared with that of an untreated control at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station near Winnsboro, LA. Corn seed was planted in a Gigger silt loam (pH = 6.1, 1.1% organic matter) on 27 Mar in 2-row plots (40 inch centers) X 40 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Treatments were applied with a handboom and a CO2-charged delivery system calibrated to deliver 10 gpa through 8002 flat-fan nozzles (2/row) at 28 psi. Insecticides were applied on 14 May to V5 stage corn plants. Ten plants/plot were randomly chosen for sampling on 16 and 20 May. Total numbers of chinch bugs were recorded by visually examining mainstems of the plant and leaf sheaths. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and means were separated according to DMRT. Rainfall did not influence the results of this test.

scholarly journals Selected Rates of Conventional and Biorational Insecticides for Early Season Sod Webworm Control, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
J. Schild ◽  
T. Merrigan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Insecticides were evaluated for control of sod webworm larvae on a Kentucky bluegrass lawn at the Gering Cemetery, in Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska. The turf (80% Kentucky bluegrass, 20% perennial rye and tall fescue) was maintained at a mowing height of 2.5 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.5 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silt loam; soil organic matter, 2.3%; soil pH, 8.4. Weather conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 22% by wt; air temperature 71°F; soil temperature 70°F; relative humidity : 27%; wind direction and velocity 108° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Treatments were applied on 5 May. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 87 gpa finished spray. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. No rain fell during the post-treatment period. Treatments were evaluated 3, 7, and 14 DAT (8, 12, and 19 May) by mixing 0.5 oz Lemon Dawn® per gal of water and applying 2 gal of the dilution to each of two 6 ft sampling areas per plot (12.0 ft2 total area). Larvae that moved to the grass surface after 30 minutes were collected and counted.

THE ROLE OF GRASSLAND IN MANAGEMENT

1968 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
B.K. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wilting Point

THE PROPERTY to be discussed is a mixed sheep and cropping unit, situated ei ht a miles east of Ashburton and midway between the Ra aia and the Ashburton rivers. Average annual rainfall is 27 in., evenly spread, but there is very high summer evaporation and therefore frequent droughts. On average, the soil is below wilting point for 40 to 50 days each summer. Winters are cold with the soil temperature being below 48°F for about four months each year. The soil is a Lismore stony silt loam averaging 9 in. in depth over gravel.

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