scholarly journals Selected Rates of Conventional and Biorational Insecticides for Early Season Sod Webworm Control, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
J. Schild ◽  
T. Merrigan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Insecticides were evaluated for control of sod webworm larvae on a Kentucky bluegrass lawn at the Gering Cemetery, in Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska. The turf (80% Kentucky bluegrass, 20% perennial rye and tall fescue) was maintained at a mowing height of 2.5 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.5 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silt loam; soil organic matter, 2.3%; soil pH, 8.4. Weather conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 22% by wt; air temperature 71°F; soil temperature 70°F; relative humidity : 27%; wind direction and velocity 108° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Treatments were applied on 5 May. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 87 gpa finished spray. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. No rain fell during the post-treatment period. Treatments were evaluated 3, 7, and 14 DAT (8, 12, and 19 May) by mixing 0.5 oz Lemon Dawn® per gal of water and applying 2 gal of the dilution to each of two 6 ft sampling areas per plot (12.0 ft2 total area). Larvae that moved to the grass surface after 30 minutes were collected and counted.

scholarly journals Spring Application of Conventional and Biorational Insecticides for Control of Sod Webworms, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
F.P. Baxendale ◽  
A.P. Weinhold ◽  
J. Schild ◽  
T. Merrigan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Insecticides were evaluated for control of sod webworm larvae on a Kentucky bluegrass lawn at the Gering Cemetery, in Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska. The turf (80% Kentucky bluegrass, 20% perennial rye and tall fescue) was maintained at a mowing height of 2.5 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.5 inch. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silt loam; soil organic matter, 2.3%; soil pH, 8.4. Weather conditions at the time of treatment were as follows: soil moisture 16% by wt; air temperature 70°F; soil temperature 62°F; relative humidity 29%; wind direction and velocity 157° at 11 mph. Plots were 7 x 7 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Treatments were applied on 6 May. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO, sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 2 gal finished spray/1000 ft2. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.125 inches of water. A total of 0.67 inch of rain fell during the post-treatment period. Treatments were evaluated 3,7, and 14 DAT (10, 14, and 21 May) by mixing 0.5 oz of Lemon Dawn® per gal of water and applying one gal of the dilution to each of two 6 ft sampling areas per plot (12.0 ft2 total area). Larvae that moved to the grass surface after twenty minutes, were collected and counted.

scholarly journals Application Timing of Insecticides for Control of Annual White Grubs on a Golf Course Rough, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 372-372
Author(s):  
A.P. Weinhold ◽  
F.P. Baxendale ◽  
K.A. Weinhold
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course rough. The turf (50% Kentucky bluegrass and 50% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 2.0 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.75 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty cla> loam; soil organic matter, 3.5%; soil pH, 6.5; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application on 18 Jun, 09 Jul, and 06 Aug were, respectively, as follows: soil moisture 20%, 19%, and 20% by wt; air temperature 81°F, 74°F, and 87°F; soil temperature 72°F, 74°F, and 77°F; relative humidity 63%, 39%, and 66%; wind direction and velocity 155° at 3 mph., 22° at 6 mph, 204° at 12 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 2 gal/1000 ft2 Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.35 inch water. Post-treatment precipitation totaled 13.71 inches. Treatments were evaluated 77 days after the first application on 3 Sep by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs

scholarly journals Full Season Control of Japanese Beetle Grub Control with Merit, NH, 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-352
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Japanese Beetle

Abstract The trial was conducted 10 May on a golf course rough, Amherst, NH. Plots were 10 X 10 ft, replicated 4 times, in a RCB design. Merit WP was applied in 4 gal water/1000 ft2 with a watering, can. Merit G granules were applied with a homemade salt shaker. Treatments were irrigated with 0.5 inch water after application. Plots were rated 30 Sep by counting the number of live grubs per 1 ft2. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temperature 70°F; wind, 3 MPH; sky, clear; soil temperature, 1 inch, 60°F; thatch depth, 0.5 inch soil pH, 5.4; slope 0%; soil texture, silt loam, 47% sand, 50% silt, 3% clay; soil organic matter, 6.9%; soil moisture, 21.8%.

scholarly journals Influence of Post-Application Irrigation on Control of Annual White Grubs on a Golf Course Fair-Way, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
F.P. Baxendale ◽  
A.P. Weinhold ◽  
K.A. Weinhold
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (20% Kentucky bluegrass and 80% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 11/16 inch. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.375 to 0.50 inch. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 4%; soil pH, 6.2; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 12% by wt.; air temperature 72°F; soil temperature 72°F; relative humidity 43%; wind direction and velocity 6° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Insecticides were applied once on 9 Jul and twice on 11 Jul. Liquids were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 2 gal/1000 square feet. A pre-calibrated Gandy 24H12 drop spreader was used to apply granular insecticides. Post-application irrigations were applied as follows: 09 Jul application, none; 11 Jul, first application, 0.35 inch; 11 Jul, second application with syringe, approximately 0.125 inch. Normal irrigation was resumed after 48 h. Precipitation between application and evaluation totaled 11.3 inches. Treatments were evaluated 57 DAT on 4 SEP by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Insecticides were applied prior to the onset of masked chafer oviposition.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Four B.T., Japonica BUI BUI, Formulations on Japanese Beetle Grubs, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-371
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier ◽  
Alan Rollins ◽  
Bryan Carney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Country Club

Abstract This trial was conducted at Amherst Country Club, Amherst, NH. The lawn was mowed at 1.5 inches and irrigated daily (0.1 inch). All treatments were applied on 19 Aug to 7 X 11 ft plots with 1-ft buffers, replicated 5 times in an RCB design. Liquid formulations were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads fitted with a 50-mesh strainer and an 8004 fan-type nozzle. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/1000 ft2 delivered at 40 psi. Granular formulations were evenly dispersed using large plastic salt shakers. The surface of the turf was free of moisture (dew) at time of application. The plots were irrigated post-treatment with 0.4 in of water. Grubs were primarily 2nd instar. Weather conditions at time of application were as follows. Air, temp; 78°F; sky, clear; wind, moderate breeze. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 80°F; at 1-inch depth, 76°F; at 2-inch depth, 75°F; soil pH, 5.6; texture, silt loam; sand, 50%; silt, 43%; clay, 7%; dry matter, 81%; moisture, 19%; organic matter, 5%. The trial was rated on 20 Sep using a Ryan 18-inch sod cutter to cut the plots to a depth of 3/4 inch. A 3 ft2 piece of sod was moved and live grubs counted.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Merit Against Annual Bluegrass Weevil, Nh, 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-344
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Country Club ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The trial was conducted at Hanover Country Club, Hanover, NH. Treatments were applied 3 May, at the beginning of adult emergence. The plots were 6 X 6 ft, replicated 4 times and randomly arranged along the collar of putting greens. Each plot was separated by a 3 ft buffer. Merit was applied with a CO2 backpack sprayer in 1.8 gal water/1000 ft2. After application treatments were irrigated with 0.5 inch water. Plots were rated 27 Jun by removing three, 0.1 ft2 plugs and counting live larvae in the laboratory. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temperature 55°F; wind, 3 MPH; sky, cloudy; soil temperature, 50°F; thatch depth, 0.5 inch soil pH, 5.9; soil texture, loam; soil organic matter, 4%; soil moisture, 20%; post treatment precipitation, light rain.

Curative Black Cutworm Control With Merit and Fcr 4S4S, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-327
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier ◽  
Alan Rollins
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Country Club

Abstract Three treatments were applied to third and fourth instar BCW larvae at Amherst Country Club. Plots were 7 X 7 ft, replicated 4 times, in a RCB design. Treatments were applied 7 Sep and rated 14 Sep (7 DAT). Treatments were applied with a CO2 boom sprayer, 8004 nozzles, at 40 PSI, in 2 gal water per 10002. Plots were rated using a soap flush and counting the number of emerging larvae. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temperature, 84.3°F; wind, calm; sky, cloudy; soil temperature, 77.3°F; thatch depth, 0.25 inch; soil pH, 5.7; slope, 0%; soil texture, silt loam: sand 40%, silt 59%, clay 1%; soil organic matter, 3.7%; soil moisture, 22.6%; post treatment precipitation, 0.1 inch daily; mowing height, 0.187 inch.

scholarly journals Influence of Hm-8902 Combined with Fn-5354 Or Naf-53 for Control of Annual White Grubs, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
R. E. Gaussoin
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a Kentucky bluegrass and perennial rye golf course fairway. The turf (50% Kentucky bluegrass and 50% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of % inches and thatch accumulation in the plot area was 0.75 inches (finger compressed, 0.5 inches). Field conditions at the time of application were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3—5%; soil pH, 6—7; water pH, 7.0; soil moisture, near field capacity. Plots were 6 × 6 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied 24 Aug using a CO2 sprayer with an LF-4 tip at 24 psi and delivering 5 gal finished spray/1000 ft2. Immediately following applications, the test area was irrigated with approximately 0.5 inches of water. A total of 4.61 inches of rain fell during the post-treatment period. Product efficacy was evaluated 14 Sep (21 DAT) by removing from each plot three 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs.

scholarly journals Influence of Application Timing of Insecticides on Control of Southern Masked Chafer, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-334
Author(s):  
T. M. Heng-Moss ◽  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
F. P. Baxendale
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE, on a golf course rough. The turf (50% Kentucky bluegrass and 50% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 2.0 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.75 inch. Field conditions at the study site were; soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3.5%; soil pH, 6.5; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application, (17 Jun, and 12 Aug) were as follows: soil moisture 20%, and 22% by wt respectively; air temperature 84° F, and 64° F; soil temperature 65° F, and 66° F; relative humidity 32%, and 88%; wind direction and velocity 245° at 3 mph., and 345° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 87 gpa. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Post-treatment precipitation totaled 8.34 inches. Treatments were evaluated 80 days after the first application on 05 Sep by removing from each plot six, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (2.10 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs.

Atrazine-Soil Organic Matter Interactions

Weed Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Dunigan ◽  
T. H. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Water Extractable ◽  
Weak Chemical

Adsorption capacities of Walla Walla silt loam soil for 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine) were determined after each extraction with ethyl ether, ethyl alcohol, and hot water. The results suggested that the ether and alcohol-extractable components of the soil organic matter, i.e. fats, oils, waxes, and resins, had a negligible capacity to adsorb atrazine but that hot-water-extractable materials, i.e. polysaccharides, had a small adsorptive capacity. of the compounds chosen to be representative of some soil organic matter components, polysaccharide types had low affinities, a protein and a nucleic acid had intermediate affinities, and humic acid, lignin, and quinizarin had high affinities for atrazine. Comparison of adsorption isotherms of atrazine to lignin and humic acid at 25 and 62 C suggested that a weak chemical bond may contribute to retention of the herbicide by soil organic matter. Nearly quantitative desorption of atrazine from native and calcium saturated soils was affected by repeated water extraction.

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