A new insight into arable weed adaptive evolution: mutations endowing herbicide resistance also affect germination dynamics and seedling emergence

Abstract Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway.

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Calyptogena marissinica (Heterodonta: Veneroida: Vesicomyidae): Insight into the deep-sea adaptive evolution of vesicomyids

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0217952 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. e0217952 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mei Yang ◽

Lin Gong ◽

Jixing Sui ◽

Xinzheng Li

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Adaptive Evolution ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Insight Into

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Inheritance of multiple herbicide resistance in wild oat (Avena fatua L.)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p05-008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 317-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jocelyn D Karlowsky ◽

Anita L Brûlé-Babel ◽

Lyle F Friesen ◽

Rene C Van Acker ◽

Gary H Crow

Keyword(s):

Herbicide Resistance ◽

Nuclear Gene ◽

Avena Fatua ◽

Multiple Resistance ◽

Western Canada ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Insight Into ◽

Resistance Genetics ◽

Multiple Herbicide Resistance

To gain some insight into the surprisingly frequent occurrence of multiple herbicide resistant wild oat in western Canada, the inheritance of multiple herbicide resistance was studied in two wild oat (Avena fatua L.) populations, UMWO12-01 and UMWO12-03, from Manitoba, Canada. Both populations are resistant to each of three distinct herbicides, imazametha benz-methyl, flamprop-methyl, and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (hereafter referred to as imazamethabenz, flamprop, and fenoxaprop-P, respectively). Crosses were made between each resistant (R) population and a susceptible (S) wild oat population (UM5) (R/S crosses), and between the two resistant populations (R/R crosses). Subsets of parental, F2 plants, and F2-derived F3 (F2:3) families were treated separately with each of the three herbicides and classified as R or S for individual plants, and homozygous R, segregating, or homozygous S for F2:3 families. F2 plants and F2:3 families from R/S crosses segregated in 3R:1S and 1 homozygous R:2 segregating:1 homozygous S ratios, respectively. These ratios indicate that a single dominant or semi-dominant nuclear gene controls resistance to each of these herbicides in each population. F2 plants and F2:3 families from R/R crosses segregated for resistance/susceptibility when treated with either imazamethabenz or flamprop. Therefore, the genes for resistance to these two herbicides are different in each R population. Individual F2:3 family response demonstrated that the genes were not independent of each other, indicating possible linkage between the genes for resistance to each herbicide. Genetic linkage could explain how the wild oat populations developed multiple resistance in the absence of selection by two of the herbicides, imazamethabenz and flamprop. Key words: Wild oat, Avena fatua, herbicide resistance, genetics of resistance, multiple resistance

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The complete chloroplast genome provides insight into the polymorphism and adaptive evolution of Garcinia paucinervis

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment ◽

10.1080/13102818.2021.1879676 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 377-391

Author(s):

Yifei Wang ◽

Bo Zhao ◽

Zhaocen Lu ◽

Yancai Shi ◽

Jingjian Li

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Genome ◽

Adaptive Evolution ◽

Complete Chloroplast Genome ◽

Garcinia Paucinervis ◽

Insight Into

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Ecological fitness cost associated with the AHAS Trp574Leu mutation in feral Raphanus sativus

10.1101/2020.08.27.270777 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roman B. Vercellino ◽

Fernando Hernández ◽

Claudio E. Pandolfo ◽

Miguel Cantamutto ◽

Alejandro Presotto

Keyword(s):

Herbicide Resistance ◽

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Plant Density ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Fitness Cost ◽

Acetohydroxyacid Synthase ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Ecological Fitness

AbstractGene mutations endowing herbicide resistance may have negative pleiotropic effects on plant fitness. Quantifying these effects is critical for predicting the evolution of herbicide resistance and developing management strategies for herbicide-resistant weeds. This study reports the effects of the acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) Trp574Leu mutation throughout the life cycle of the weed feral radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Resistant and susceptible biotypes responded differently to light and water treatments in relation to germination and emergence. Under light exposure, the resistant biotype showed higher germination and emergence, but no differences were found in seed dormancy, germination in darkness and emergence from buried seeds or pods. The resistant biotype showed delayed and reduced seedling emergence relative to the susceptible biotype under rainfed conditions, but these differences between the biotypes were not detected in irrigated soil. The biotypes showed similar relative growth rates and vegetative biomass. However, under wheat interference, resistant plants had 36–46% less total above-ground biomass, 26–47% less seeds per plant, and 36–53% less plant yield than susceptible ones, and these differences were more evident at higher plant density. This study provides a better understanding of the ecological fitness cost associated with the AHAS Trp574Leu mutation in feral R. sativus. The fitness costs could reduce the frequency of the resistant allele in areas untreated with AHAS inhibiting herbicides.

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