Exploratory analysis of Conners-Wells self-report scale for identification of ADHD in a college population

This study used self-report of older adolescent/young adult children from a general college population to examine if violent parental conflict tactics predict the use of similarly violent tactics in the same-sex and opposite-sex peer relationships of offspring. Conflict Tactics Scale data from 256 subjects indicate that parental violence within the marital dyad is predictive of violence in both same-sex and opposite-sex peer relationships. Surprisingly high frequencies of violence were reported within parents’ marriages and by subjects in their current peer relationships. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Download Full-text

The Overt Behaviour Scale–Self-Report (OBS-SR) for acquired brain injury: exploratory analysis of reliability and validity

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽

10.1080/09602011.2017.1322523 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 704-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Glenn Kelly ◽

Grahame K. Simpson ◽

Suzanne Brown ◽

Peter Kremer ◽

Lauren Gillett

Keyword(s):

Brain Injury ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Acquired Brain Injury ◽

Exploratory Analysis ◽

Self Report

Download Full-text

D-cycloserine modulates breathlessness related brain activity over pulmonary rehabilitation

10.1101/2021.06.24.21259306 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Louise Finnegan ◽

Olivia K Harrison ◽

Sara Booth ◽

Andrea Dennis ◽

Martyn Ezra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Exploratory Analysis ◽

Self Report ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Experimental Medicine ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Brain Areas ◽

Double Blind

Rationale: For people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), improvements in breathlessness from pulmonary rehabilitation are neither long lasting nor guaranteed. Previously, we showed that pulmonary rehabilitation induced brain activity changes akin to those seen in exposure based cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT) in other conditions. D-cycloserine is a partial NMDA-receptor agonist which has been shown to enhance CBT. Objectives: Here, we tested whether D-cycloserine would augment the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on activity in brain areas that process breathlessness expectation. Methods: 72 participants with mild-to-moderate COPD were recruited to a double-blind experimental medicine study running parallel to a pulmonary rehabilitation course. Participants were randomised to 250mg D-cycloserine or matched placebo, administered 15-30 minutes prior to the first four sessions of pulmonary rehabilitation. Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging, self-report questionnaires and clinical measures of respiratory function were collected at three time points: before, during (2-3 weeks) and after pulmonary rehabilitation (6-8 weeks). Measurements: Primary and secondary outcome measures were difference in mean and voxel-wise brain activity across key brain regions of interest. An exploratory analysis determined the interaction with breathlessness-anxiety. Main results: No difference was observed in either primary or secondary outcome measures. However, in the exploratory analysis, D-cycloserine attenuated the relationship between brain activity and breathlessness-anxiety within prefrontal cortex, superior frontal gyrus and precuneus. Conclusions: The observed effects suggest that D-cycloserine augments pulmonary rehabilitation by dampening reactivity to breathlessness cues in brain areas associated with breathlessness expectation and anxiety. This work highlights the opportunity to test brain-active drugs in the context of augmenting behavioural interventions.

Download Full-text

Validation of the Korean Version of the 15-Item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences in a College Population

Psychiatry Investigation ◽

10.30773/pi.2019.0215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 306-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung-Wan Kim ◽

Jae-Kyeong Kim ◽

Ji Hun Han ◽

Min Jhon ◽

Ju-Wan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Characteristic Curve ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Mental States ◽

Self Report ◽

Initial Screening ◽

Community Assessment ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Korean Version ◽

Distress Score ◽

College Population

Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-15 item positive scale (CAPE-15) in college students.Methods This study had two stages: initial screening with self-report questionnaires including the CAPE-15, and semi-structured interviews to investigate the instrument’s diagnostic validity. The initial screening involved 1,749 college students. The modified Korean version of Prodromal Questionnaire-16 item (mKPQ-16) was also administered. The criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis in the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) were the gold standard for diagnosis.Results Twelve of the interviewed subjects met the CAARMS criteria for UHR of psychosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was highest (0.936) for the CAPE-15 distress score (p<0.001). The use of 6 as the cutoff for the CAPE-15 distress score resulted in the best balance of sensitivity (91.7%) and specificity (85.2%), with a favorable positive predictive value of 32.4%. The coefficients of correlation between the CAPE-15 and mKPQ-16 were significant.Conclusion The Korean version of the CAPE-15 is a good instrument for screening for psychosis risk in collegiate settings. The validation of this scale could contribute to the early identification of psychosis in the Korean community.

Download Full-text

Psychometric Properties of the Suicide Stroop Task in a Chinese College Population

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.586391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Lu Niu ◽

Xia Feng ◽

Zhouxin Jia ◽

Yu Yu ◽

Liang Zhou

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Self Report ◽

Time Data ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Chinese College Students ◽

College Population

ObjectiveThis study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the suicide stroop task in a Chinese college population.MethodsCollege students (n = 121) who were in the 1st–4th grade, fluent in Chinese, and without color blindness were recruited from a university in Guangzhou, China from September to December 2019. Participants were administered the suicide stroop task at baseline and 1-month follow-up.ResultsThe suicide stroop task showed excellent internal reliability (Cronbach’s α ranged from 0.940 to 0.953). However, the suicide stroop task did not reveal suicide-related attentional biases among current suicide ideators and was not significantly associated with the severity of suicidal ideation, depression, hopelessness, nor anhedonia (all p values > 0.05), indicating a lack of concurrent validity for the task. Additionally, the two-time data of interference scores could not generate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) due to a negative average covariance among data, which indicated poor test–retest consistency for the task.ConclusionThe results of this study did not support the use of the suicide stroop task on the identification of suicidal risk among Chinese college students. It is crucial to assess the psychometric properties of behavioral measures rigorously as self-report measures before large applications in clinical and community settings.

Download Full-text

Self-report neuropsychological symptoms in a college population

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/14.1.64a ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 64-65

Author(s):

T. Youllar ◽

K. Duff ◽

R. F. Haase ◽

R. J. McCaffrey

Keyword(s):

Self Report ◽

Neuropsychological Symptoms ◽

College Population

Download Full-text